被动语态-中考英语专题复习(课堂PPT).ppt

1一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态WespeakEnglish.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语宾变主宾变主,主变宾主变宾,前加前加by动变被动变被,看清看清be,结构分别结构分别be+pp主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态2主变被解题步骤主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语找宾语-即动作的承受者即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数判断宾语的单复数-即即be动词的单复数动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态判断动词的时态-即即be动词的时态动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态修改谓语的时态-即原句动词改为过去分词即原句动词改为过去分词made5.修改原句的主语修改原句的主语-即即by+主语主语/宾语宾语.bythem.3Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.Tombrokethewindows.ThewindowswerebrokenbyTom.Hebrokethewindows.Thewindowswerebrokenbyhim.4一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is/are done一般过去时：一般过去时：was/were done现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are being done过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were being done现在完成时：现在完成时：have/has been done过去完成时：过去完成时：had been done一般将来时：一般将来时：shall/will be done;be going to be done当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can/must/have tobe done51.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词6He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.The motorbike is ridden to his factory every day.7We call the snowman Mr Strong.The snowman is called Mr Strong.8We usually hear him play in the next room.He is usually heard to play in the next room.92.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词过去分词10He bought his friend some fruits yesterday.His friend was bought some fruits yesterday.Some fruits were bought for his friend yesterday.114Aby can take good care of Tina Tina can be taken good care of by Aby.情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词12He can carry the basket easily.The basket can be easily carried by him.13They can sing some beautiful songs.Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.14“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought.“They must be put in the fridge.”The dogs thought.153.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词过去分词16They are going to have an evening party tomorrow.An evening party is going to be had tomorrow.17Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词18They are holding a sports meeting now.A sports meeting is being held(by them)now.19We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词20Workers have built the house since two years ago.The house has been built since two years ago.21We had received many letters by the end of last week.Many letters had been received by the end of last week.22They would have a party the next day.A party would be had(by them)the next day.231.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）七嘴八舌243.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told3.We found the ticket on the floor.255.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.was made to have can be used267.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished279.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.we were given were given to us2810.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.was asked is done2912.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mended must be taken3014.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?is studiedIs talked by them31Answerrightorwrong1.必须照看好孩子们。必须照看好孩子们。Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcare.()Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof.()2.这本书是鲁迅写的。这本书是鲁迅写的。ThisbookwaswrotebyLuXun.()ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.()3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。昨天那支笔是他给我的。Thatpencilwasgivenmebyhimyesterday.()Thatpencilwasgiventomebyhimyesterday.()WRWRWR324.这辆自行车能修吗？这辆自行车能修吗？Canthisbikemended?()Canthisbikebemended?()5.街道已由他们清理了。街道已由他们清理了。Thestreethasbeencleanedbythey.()Thestreethasbeencleanedbythem.()WRWR33动词短语的被动语态动词短语的被动语态take care of be taken care ofcut down be cut downlaugh at be laughed atlook after be looked after34Theymadeshoesinthatfactory.Theywillmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theywouldmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theycanmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theyhavemadeshoesinthatfactory.Theyhadmadeshoesinthatfactory.Theyaremakingshoesinthatfactory.Theyweremakingshoesinthatfactory.35带复合宾语的被动语态结构带复合宾语的被动语态结构（）（）make sb.do sth.sb.be made to do sth.Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home.Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home.watch let havehear see notice36(2)see sb.doing sth.sb.be seen doing sth.I saw him playing football at that moment.He was seen playing football at that moment.hear/watch/.37We often hear them sing this song.They are often heard to sing this song(by us).This song is often heard(by us)to be sung(by them).38Bob sent Kate a letter last year.=Kate was sent a letter by Bob last year.=A letter was sent to Kate by Bob last year.tell ask bring write give teach pass lendtoHe told Jim a story.39Mum made me a new dress.I was made a new dress by Mum.A new dress was made for me by Mum.make buy drawforI bought my brother a book.40注意注意:约翰打开了收音机。约翰打开了收音机。John turned on the radio.The radio was turned on.奶奶照看我姐姐。奶奶照看我姐姐。Grandma takes care of my sister.My sister is taken care of by Grandma.注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。We must speak to old people politely.Old people must be spoken to politely.41They said that he would come back soon.It was said that he would come back soon.类似的还有：类似的还有：It is reported/believed/hoped/supposed that.Wereport421).不及物动词没有被动语态。不及物动词没有被动语态。如：如：belong,happen,take place,last,come true,remain,succeed,fall,die,arrive,等。等。*Great changes have taken place in this city.*That bike doesnt belong to Mike.432)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have /fitI have a TV set.The coat fits me well.3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正】【正】Look at the blackboard，please【误】【误】The blackboard is looked at by you 444.系动词没有被动态和进行时态系动词没有被动态和进行时态这鱼味道很好。这鱼味道很好。这条围巾摸上去很软。这条围巾摸上去很软。The fish tastes good.The scarf feels soft.455.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：【正】【正】You must look after yourself【误】【误】Yourself must be looked after 4.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。这书很好卖。这书很好卖。这种布很好洗。这种布很好洗。The book sells well.This kind of cloth washes very well.这书卖完了。这书卖完了。The book is sold out.46这块表需要修理一下。这块表需要修理一下。The watch needs mending.=The watch needs to be mended.=We need to mend the watch.want47Did he finish the work yesterday?Werethebookstakenawaybythegirl?Did the girl take away the books?Was the window broken by Tom?_ Tom_ the window?Did breakWastheworkfinishedbyhimyesterday？48Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?Is talked by themDoesnt Bob clean the street every day?_ the street _ by Bob every day?Isnt cleaned49Hetoldustogettoschoolearly.Ourparentsaskustostayathomeatnight.Weweretoldtogettoschoolearlybyhim.Weareaskedtostayathomeatnight.-Didyougototheparty?-No,I_(invite)wasntinvited50Thebridge_inthreeweeks.(finish)Youcangooutifyourhomework_(do)willbefinishedisdoneThisisoneofthethingsthat_(see)thatday.wereseenWhenwasPRC_(found)?wasseenThisisthonlyoneofthethingsthat_(see)thatday.foundedYoushouldgetyourshoes_(wash)washed51