雅思写作科技类指导(课堂PPT).ppt

科技类真题讲解科技类真题讲解1在2011-2012年，科技类突然发力，考查频率飙升，让咱们不敢再小视科技的威力。雅思作文中的科技话题涉及范围非常广，而且如果想拿到高分往往还需要用到一些比较冷门儿的词汇，同时写Technology类作文比写教育、媒体等话题在心态上也往往更凝重，所以考前大家应该多熟悉科技类真题与范文。2Nowadays cheap air travel is increasingly popular in the world.To what extent do you think its advantages outweigh its disadvantages?解题：廉价飞行让更多的人有机会乘坐飞机，从提高效率和促进旅游业发展来看应该是有利的，而且打折机票也不见得就没有全价机票的座位舒服。反对廉价飞行唯一值得一听的理由是坐飞机的人多了是否可能导致消耗更多能源并产生更多污染。但美国联邦航空局在今年年初公布的研究结果显示：并没有证据表明如果大家都不坐飞机而改坐汽车旅行就会更环保。所以，连环保都无法构成反对买廉价机票的理由了。3范文：There was a time when air travel was only for the wealthy people and out of reach of the majority of citizens.But now low-cost flights are available in many countries.I believe this is,overall,a positive development.Obviously,the primary advantage of low-cost flights is its affordability.Some discount airline tickets are so cheap that they cost even less than the airport tax.This change can certainly give more people affordable access to air travel and increase the efficiency of travelling.As for the development of tourism,low-cost air travel also has its advantages because it provides more tourists with the chance to travel by air.Time is valuable for travelers and most of them hope to spend more time visiting their destinations.Compared with a train or a bus journey,low-cost flights do not involve much more expenses but saves them a great deal of time,which means tourists can have more time and energy to achieve the main purpose of their trips.4Some people are worried that low-budget air travel may be uncomfortable or more tiresome than regular flights.In fact,most low-cost flights provide the same space for the economy-class passengers.Even if we really feel unhappy with the seats,we can always get a better seat at a bit of additional cost.Some other people may complain that cheap air travel consumes more fuel and causes pollution when an increasing number of people can travel by air.However,so far there is no evidence that cheap air travel is more damaging to the environment than bus rides or train rides because air trips carry more people than cars and trains do.Therefore,my conclusion is that not only can air travel airlines offer us inexpensive flights,it also gives us greater convenience and more options,on which we cannot put a price tag.5同类型真题：Long-distance flights consume natural resources and pollute the air.Some people think that they should be banned.To what extent do you agree or disagree?思路指导：长距离飞行确实消耗能源，并且可能污染空气，但完全禁止却未必可行。至少在目前，长距离飞行仍然应该是国际旅游或商务出行的主要交通方式（the main means of transport for international tourism and business trips）。理由可以有：a.长途飞行的效率远远高于汽车（Flights are the most efficient means of long-distance travel.The average speed of a jet airliner is about 15 times that of a car.）b.有些地区靠坐火车或者坐汽车仍然无法到达（Some areas are still not accessible by road or by rail.）c.与乘坐汽车或火车相比，乘坐飞机对于长途旅行者们的健康危害较小（A long-distance flight poses less health risk to travelers than a long-distance car ride or train ride does.）6A long-distance flight consumes the same amount of fuel as a car does in several years time and causes the same amount of pollution.Some people think that we should discourage non-essential flights such as tourist air travel instead of limiting the use of cars.To what extent do you agree or disagree?思路指导：除了上题中已经谈到的飞行所具有的种种优势之外，本题的理由还可以有：a.汽车的总数很大，因此尽管一架飞机比一辆行驶相同距离的汽车消耗更多的能源，但全部汽车所造成的环境破坏总量仍然大于全部飞行所产生的环境破坏总量。Although an aeroplane uses more fuel and creates more pollution than a car that travels the same distance does,the total environmental damage caused by cars far exceeds the total environmental damage caused by flights.7b.如果阻止旅游飞行等也会给经济发展带来负面影响。Banning tourism flight may bring negative effects to the development of our economy.因此，减少对汽车的使用对环境保护意义更大。Thus,reducing car use can contribute more significantly to environmental protection than discouraging non-essential flights.同时应该积极地发展更加清洁的燃料Cleaner,more environmentally friendly fuels 轻轨、地铁等公共交通系统Public transport systems such as sky train and underground train systems.8Air transport is often used to take food such as vegetables and fruits to countries where such food is out of season.Some people think that is a positive development.To what extent do you agree or disagree?思路指导：长距离空运食品可以给消费者们带来更多的食品选择。give consumers a wider variety of food choices但另一方面长距离空运食品会导致：运输费用较高High transport costs消耗更多燃料Consumes more fuel导致碳排放量增加，进一步加剧全球气候变化。causes an increase in carbon emission,which worsens global climate change因此，应该把航空运输食品限制到经济和环境方面都合理的规模。Keep air transport of food to an economically and environmentally reasonable scale.9The production and transport of food has been heavily influenced by modern technology.To what extent do you think this is a positive development?For over a decade,the impact of modern technology on the food industry has been an issue of public concern.I believe that overall,the impact of technological developments on food production and food transport is positive.范文：For consumers,the application of technology in food production and food transport has greatly increased the variety of food available in supermarkets and grocery stores,which means a wider range of food choices.For example,modern technology can modify the genetic makeup of livestock to produce meat that is rich in protein but low in fat.Moreover,packaged food such as canned and bottled food makes life easier,especially for city residents whose busy lifestyles have made it difficult to prepare three meals every day by themselves.Besides,industrialized food production reduces the costs for food manufacturers.As a result,consumers can purchase food at lower prices than before,which means they are left with more money for education,healthcare and entertainment.10The downside of the development of food technology is that the modern way of producing and transporting food causes more environmental damage and health problems.For example,to increase crop yields,farmers often grow crop plants with the help of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,which pollutes soil and water.Furthermore,food transport accounts for nearly a quarter of all the miles driven by heavy trucks in the world.Although the developments in food transport give consumers easy access to food produced in countries and regions far away from them,these developments significantly increase truck and flight emissions and traffic congestion on a global scale.Health concerns are also raised about genetically-modified food and high-calorie,high-cholesterol fast food,which have become an important part of many peoples diet.Therefore,it seems that overall,the changes brought about by modern food technology contribute to a simpler and more pleasant lifestyle.Nevertheless,it is the task of food scientists and engineers to make the food industry more eco-friendly and health-conscious.11同类型真题Biotechnology companies are developing different types of genetically-modified foods(GM foods).To what extent do you think the advantages of GM foods outweigh the disadvantages?思路指导：转基因食品的好处包括：提高农作物的产量boost crop yields确保不断增长的人口能获得充足的食品供应ensure a sufficient food supply for the booming population转基因技术可以改善食品的味道，并且增加食品的营养价值produce better-tasting and more nutritious foods生产出抗病虫害能力更高的农作物produce more pest-resistant crops可以满足不希望食用含有杀虫剂的食品的消费者需求can satisfy the needs of the consumers who are worried about the potential health hazards of crop plants treated with pesticides12目前，转基因食品可能带来的负面影响主要是：被改变的基因有可能被转移到包括人类的其他物种上去，the modified genes may be transferred to other species,including humans从而导致难以预料的负面作用cause unpredictable side effects对当地的生态系统产生严重的破坏性后果may even bring devastating consequences to the local ecological system因此，政府应该对转基因食品实行严格管理以避免它对于消费者健康和环境的潜在负面影响。The government should place strict regulations on genetically-modified foods to prevent the potential side-effects on consumers health and the environment.13更多真题：Mobile phones and the Internet are very useful.However,it is rare for old people to use them.In what ways can mobile phones and the Internet be useful to old people?How should the old people be encouraged to use them?Some people have benefited from modern communication technology,while some other people have not benefited from it.To what extent do you agree or disagree?In many fields,scientists cannot find effective solutions to the problems that they have created.To what extent do you agree or disagree?Today,more work is done by machines.Do you think that the positive effects of this trend overweigh its negative effects?14