八年级英语形容词的比较级和最高级讲+练.docx

八年级英语形容词的比较级和最高级教案
一、比较级的定义：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。
二、比较级的构成：
（1）规则变化：
①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er
Eg: calm---calmer tall---taller smart---smarter
②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r
Eg: nice---nicer fine---finer large---larger
③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er”
Eg: early---earlier happy---happier busy---busier
④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er
Eg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter
⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more
Eg: popular---more popular important---more important
（2）不规则变化：
少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：good---better bad/ill---worse many/much---more
little---less far---farther/further old---older/elder
三、比较级的用法:
(一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级
1． 表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。
公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B
A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as…+B
Eg I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。
He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。
2．表达“A不如B”用not as…as的结构。
公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+B
A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B
Eg I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。
He doesn’t run as fast as I. 他没有我跑得快。
2． 表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。
公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B…
A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B…
Eg I am taller than you.我比你高。
He runs faster than I. 他跑得比我快。
(二)关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法
1．比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语，意思是“更…”，“…得…”。常见词有much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。
Eg He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。
I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。
想一想，这些词能修饰形容词或副词的原级吗？
2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。
Eg I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。
This building is 20 meters higher than that one.
3．“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
It is getting warmer and warmer．天气越来越暖和。
He is running faster and faster．他跑得越来越快。
0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful．我们祖国越来越美了。
4．“the more…， the more…”表示“越……，就越……”，
The more，the better.多多益善。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。5．“the more…of the two…”表示“两个当中较。。。的一个”
The taller of the two boys is my brother.
四、当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级
1．表达“…是…中最…的”,用“the+形容词（副词）的最高级”的结构。后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。
公式a.主语+be动词+the +形容词最高级+（名词）+表示范围的介词短语或从句
b.主语+实义动词+（the） +形容词最高级+表示范围的介词短语或从句
Eg He is the tallest (student) in our class.
He jumps the highest of the three boys.
This is the best book that I have ever read.
2．表示“最…的…中一个”，用“one of +the +最高级+复数名词”的结构来表达。
Eg He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。
This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。
注意：(一) 形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the , 而副词的最高级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物主代词时，不能要定冠词the.
（二）常见的用来表示范围的介词有in, of, among
五、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题：
(一)、按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。 Eg He is more careful than I (me).
(二)、只有同类的事物才能比较
e.g 1. Her bag is bigger than mine. 不能说 Her bag is bigger than I.
2.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.
不能说The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.

形容词比较级最高级练习题
一、     写出下列单词的反义词
1. hot      2.new________  3. clean________ 4. high________  
5. heavy______   6.cold_______   7. bad______
二、    写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级
1. old ______  ________   2. busy _________  _________3. thin ________  ________
4. many _________  _________5. slow ________ _____ 6. delicious _________ ______
三、 用适当形式填空：
1. Bob is  ________ ( young ) than Fred but __________ (tall) than Fred.                          
2. Yingtian is not as ___________  (tall) asYongxian.                                            
3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______ (fat) than before . 
4. Which is _________  (heavy), a hen or a chicken?              
5.-- How  _________ (tall) is Sally?             
   --  She' s 1.55 metres  ________  (tall). What  about Xiaoling?                               
  -- She' s only 1.40 metres ______ (tall). She is much _______(short) than Sally. She is also the _______ (short)girlin theclass.                                         
 6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the   _________ (bad) at English.                       
 7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.             
 8.He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think.
9. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive)  than a story-book.
10. An orange ia a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon.
11.Miss Chen is __________ _________than Mr. Wang. (popular)
 12. Mr. Lin ________ ________ _________ Mr. Brown. (sad)
 13. The basketball _______ ________ ________ the baseball. (big)
 14. Question A _______ ________ _________ ________ Question B. (important)
15. A rose ________ ________ __________ ________ a weed(野草). (beautiful)
16. Toronto is _____ ______ city in Canada. (large)
17. Playing computer games is______ _____ _____ of all the activities.(interesting).
18. The Nile(尼羅河) is ______ ________river in the world. (long)
19. Good health is _______ _______ ________other things . (important)
20. Taking a taxi is ______ _______ way to get to the airport. (easy)
21. Test 1 is _____ _______ _________of all the tests. （difficult）22. He is ________than any other boy in the class.（clever）
23. She is_______ than all the other students. (young)
24. The window is ________ ________ of the two. (narrow)
25. Where is the ________bus-stop? (near) 
26. He is one of ________ ________ _______Politicians. (famous)
27. Tom drives much ________ ________than John. (careful)
28. The white flower is ________(beautiful). The yellow flower is ______ _______ (beautiful)than the white flower. The red flower is the _____ ______ of the three.
29.She is much_____(tall) this year.
30.She is _______ (slim) of the twins.
31.___________(careful) you are,________(many) mistakes you will make.
32.China is becoming _________ and________.(strong).
四、 选择题
 1. She is ________ than ________ .
    A. busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we
 2. Jane is ________ than Betty.
    A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall
 3. China is ________ country in the world.
    A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest
 4. -Which is ____ season in Beijing?
　　-I think it's autumn.
　　A.good            B.better           C.best               D.the best
5．- Which is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth?
　　-- Of course, the moon is.
　　A.small          B.smaller           C.smallest           D.the smallest
6.The air in Beijing is getting much _____ now than a few years ago.
A. clean        B. cleaner         C. cleanest             D. the cleanest
7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _____ than before.
　　A. cheap      B. cheaper        C. cheapest             D. the cheapest
8．I study English as_______as my brother.
A.hard   B. harder  C. hardest
9. Which is _____ , a bicycle or a computer?
A.  expensive  B.more expensive  C.the most expensive
10. The Yellow River is one of ______rivers in China.
   A   long  B longer  C the longest
11.She is the second _______student in our class.
   A. tall    B. taller    C. tallest
12、That boy looks as__________as a boxer.
A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. more strong
13、Then Summer Palace is_________than Zhong Shan park.
A. biger B. more big C. the biggest D. bigger
14、Which do you like _______, apples or oranges?
A. good B. better C. best D. well
15、--Oh, the food is bad.
--I think so .And the service(服务) is __________.
A．the worst B. worse C. badder D. the worse