【初中英语】-中考英语语法填空练习题-人教版.doc

最新 【初中英语】 中考英语语法填空练习题 人教版

一、初三中考语法填空（含答案详细解析）
1．He was ________ （mention） in the letter.
【答案】 mentioned
【解析】【分析】句意：他在这封信里被提到了。mention是及物动词，根据句子机构可知是被动语态，be已经给出，行为动词使用过去分词mentioned，故答案是mentioned。
【点评】考查一般过去时，注意动词过去式的变化规则。

2．语法填空
    I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than the common person. When he ________（ask）why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with his mother when he was about three years old." I ________（try）to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I dropped the bottle and it fell. spilling（滋出）the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk！I was frightened and I didn't know what to do!" he said.
    His mother heard the noise and got into the kitchen. "I ________（consider）how to explain all this to you. Mum." he said. Instead of ________him, she said. "Robert, what a great mess you have made! I ________（not see）such a huge sea of milk before! Well, since the milk has already been spilled, would you like ________（play）in the milk for a while? We ________（clean）it up after that." Then, he did so. After a few minutes. His mother said. "You know. Robert. whenever you ________a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up." He used a sponge（海绵）and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.
    His mother then said. "You know, we ________how to successfully carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands just now. Let's go to the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you ________（discover）a way to carry it." Then the little boy learned that if he grasped （抓紧）the bottle at the top with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it.
    What a wonderful lesson!
【答案】 was asked；was trying；am considering；punishing；haven't seen；to play；will clean；make；failed；can discover
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述一位著名科学家的故事，作者从冰箱里拿牛奶时，不小心把奶瓶掉下地了，牛奶溅到到处都是，但是他妈妈并没有因此惩罚他，而是借此教育了他，他学会了如果他抓紧瓶子顶部，他便可以把它拿起而不会掉下它。
（1）句意：当他被问为什么他会这样做，他给了答案。根据was，可知用过去时，ask问，he和ask之间是被动关系，用过去时的被动语态，其结构为be+过去分词，主语是he，be动词用was，ask的过去分词是asked，故填was asked。
（2）句意：我正在努力从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶的时候，突然我落下的瓶子，并且它掉了下来。此处表示我正在努力去牛奶的时候，恰好这时另一件事发生了，主句用过去将来时，主语是I，be动词用was，故填was trying。
（3）句意：他说“妈妈，我正在考虑怎样向你解释整个这件事。”consider考虑，动词，他妈妈金厨房时，他正在考虑怎样向妈妈解释，直接引语用现在进行时，其结构为be+现在分词，主语是I，be动词用am，consider的现在分词是considering，故填am considering。
（4）句意：没有惩罚他，她说。“罗伯特，你搞得多么乱啊！我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。根据常识，一般弄掉了牛奶，应该会受到惩罚，但是主人公的母亲并没有惩罚他，punish惩罚，动词，instead of后接动名词，punish的动名词是punishing，故填punishing。
（5）句意：没有惩罚他，她说。“罗伯特，你搞得多么乱啊！我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。see看见，描述过去的动作对现在造成影响，用现在完成时，其结构为have+过去分词，根据not，可知用否定句，主语是I，构成否定句要借助助动词haven't，see的过去分词是seen，故填haven't seen。
（6）句意：因为牛奶已经被溅出，你想玩一会儿牛奶吗？would like to do sth想做某事，play玩， 故填to play。
（7）句意：我们然后将会把它打扫干净。描述将要发生的事情，用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形，clean打扫，故填will clean。
（8）句意：无论什么时候你向这样搞得乱七八糟，最终你必须打扫干净。make a mess搞得乱七八糟，固定搭配，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形，故填make。
（9）句意：他妈妈然后说。”你知道，我们刚才不能用两个小手成功的拿两个大奶瓶。由于寻找拿奶瓶的方法，可知不能用小手拿起奶瓶，用fail，失败，fail to do sth不能做某事/失败做某事，根据just now可知，用一般过去时，fail的过去式是failed，故填failed。
（10）句意：我们一起去院子里用水装满这个瓶子看是否你能发现一种拿它的方法。用水填瓶子的目的是看是否可以发现拿它的方法，discover发现，can可以，能，此次用can discover，可以发现，故填can discover。
【点评】考查语法填空。首先理解文章大意，答题的过程中，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后得出正确的答案。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填人适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
    According to a study, about 85% of Grade 11 students in Canada have their own mobile phones. About 52% of Grade 7 students and 24% of Grade 4 students also carry mobile phones.
    In many schools, students must turn off their mobile phones and leave ________ in their schoolbags during school hours. Some schools even don't allow students ________ （take） mobile phones to school.
Do you know why these schools don't want students to use mobile phones at school? One of the main ________ （reason） is that mobile phones can distract（使分心） students ________ their study.
    Many of these mobile phones are "smartphones", and they can be ________ （use） to surf the Internet, send text messages, play games, take ________ （photo） and listen to music. Mr. Jackson says, "Many teachers like me are also ________ （worry） that students will use mobile phones to cheat （作弊） in tests, or to record videos of teachers or other students and post them online."
    ________, some people have different opinions. They think mobile phones are ________ （use） at school. Students can use them in class ________ （watch） educational videos online. Mobile phones can be especially useful in the schools where there aren't enough computers. What's more, some parents want to be able to reach their children during the day. They want their children to take mobile phones all the time.
【答案】 them；to take；reasons；from；used；photos；worried；However；useful；to watch
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文谈论了学生在学校带手机的问题，有人主张不允许带手机，二另一部分人认为应该带，可以帮助孩子们学习。
（1）句意：在许多学校，学生必须关闭手机，并把手机放在书包里。空缺处指代的是mobile phones，在句中做宾语，因此使用宾格人称代词them，故答案是them。
（2）句意：一些学校甚至不允许学生带手机去学校。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，固定搭配，应使用动词不定式，故答案是to
 take。
（3）句意：一个主要的原因就是手机使学生对于学习分心。reason原因，可数名词，在one of结构中，应使用复数形式，故答案是reasons。
（4）句意：一个主要的原因就是手机使学生对于学习分心。distract sb. from sth.分散某人对于某物的注意力，固定搭配，故答案是from。
（5）句意：许多手机是智能手机，他们能用来上网，发短信，玩游戏或者拍照。本句为被动语态，在被动语态中，动词使用过去分词，故答案是used。
（6）句意：许多手机是智能手机，他们能用来上网，发短信，玩游戏或者拍照。take photos拍照，固定搭配，故答案是photos。
（7）句意：许多像我一样的老师担心学生在考试中用手机作弊，或者给老师或者学生录像，并上传到网上。are后跟形容词worried作表语，故答案是worried。
（8）句意：然而，一些人有不同的观点。后面陈述的与前面陈述的意思是不一致的，应是只用转折词，因为在句首，因此使用however，注意首字母要大写，故答案是However。
（9）句意：他们认为手机在学校有用。be动词后需要使用形容词作表语，因此将use改为useful，故答案是useful。
（10）句意：学生可以在课上观看教学视频。看视频是使用手机的目的，应使用动词不定式做目的状语。故答案是to watch。
【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。

4．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Ernest Hemingway, the son of a doctor and a music teacher, was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway's father________（teach） him early on how to hunt and fish, two activities Hemingway loved throughout his life. Instead of ________（go） to college, Hemingway became a reporter for the Kansas City Star.
    Later, in Europe, he worked as a driver ________ the Italian army until he was wounded and shipped home, where he again wrote for newspapers. Two years ________, he moved to Paris, where he hoped to improve his writing. There he became friends with other ________（America） writers, including
    Gertrude Stein and F. Scott Fitzgerald.
    Hemingway developed ________ style of writing that was simple and direct. He chose words sparingly（俭省地）, avoided using adjectives, and trusted the reader to understand ________（mean） of his writing. As he put it, "I always try ________（write） on the principle（原则） of the iceberg（冰山）. There is seven eighths of it under water for every part that shows. "This style continues to influence Writers today. In his career（生涯）, which lasted some 40 years, Hemingway earned the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize. He was one of the finest writers of the________（twenty） century.
    For a while Emest Hemingway lived in Key West, Florida, where he had nearly 50 cats. One of them was a cat with six toes（脚趾）, which a ship's captain had given him. Today his Key West home is a museum, and many cats still live there. Some of them are ________（child） of Hemingway's six-toed cat. Hemingway was married four times and had three sons. He died in 1961. 
【答案】 taught；going；for；later；American；a；meaning；to write；twentieth；children
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了海明威及其写作风格。
（1）句意： 海明威的父亲很早就教他如何打猎和钓鱼。描述过去用一般过去时，teach的过去式是taught，故填 taught。
（2）句意： 海明威没有去上大学，而是成了《堪萨斯城明星报》的记者。of是介词其后是动名词，故填going。
（3）句意： 后来，在欧洲，他在意大利军队当司机，直到他受伤并被运回家，在那里他再次为报纸写作。work for，固定搭配，为……工作，故填for。
（4）句意： 四年后，他搬到巴黎，希望在那里提高写作水平。时间段+later，……之后，故填later。
（5）句意：在那里，他和其他美国作家成了朋友。writers是名词其前是形容词做定语，America是名词，American是形容词，故填 American。
（6）句意： 海明威形成了一种简单直接的写作风格。style是名词单数，以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a表示泛指，故填a。
（7）句意：他谨慎地选择词语，避免使用形容词，并相信读者能理解他作品的意思。understand后是动名词做宾语，故填 meaning。
（8）句意：我总是试图用冰山的原理写作。try to do，固定搭配，尝试做某事，故填 to write 。
（9）句意： 他是20世纪最优秀的作家之一。根据定冠词the可知，此处是序数词，twenty是基数词，twentieth是序数词 ， 故填 twentieth。
（10）句意： 其中一些是海明威六趾猫的孩子。 根据are，可知表语是名词复数，child的复数是children ， 故填 children。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，介词搭配等多种用法。

5．
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过三个单词）
    A king had two sons and asked famous teachers to teach them. After a few ________（year）, the king fell badly ill. So he wanted to choose one of his sons as the next king, but which one would be the right person? He thought it over ________ a whole night. At last, he decided ________ （test） his sons.
    One day, he gave a room to each of ________ （they）, You must fill the room completely （完全地） with anything you wish. But there should ________ （be）no space left and you can't ask for advice from anyone!"
    The next day the king ________（visit） his elder son's room. The room was completely filled with grass. The king felt sorry about it. Then he went to ________other room, but it was closed. His ________ （young） son asked him to get in and closed the door again. It was dark everywhere, so the king shouted at him ________ （angry）, But suddenly the second son lighted a candle and the room was full of light. The king felt very excited and hugged him proudly.
    He realized: Wisdom（智慧） is more important than simple answers ________ are easy to get.
【答案】 years；for；to test；them；be；visited；the；younger；angrily；which/that
【解析】【分析】文章大意：国王有两个儿子，让著名的老师教他们，几年后，国王生病了，想找到一个聪明的王位继承人，让他两个儿子用自己想到的东西把房间填满，第二天分别去了两个儿子的房间，很高兴地拥抱了二儿子，他意识到智慧比简单的答案更重要。
（1）句意：几年后，国王病的很严重。a few一些，后跟可数名词的复数形式，因此使用year的复数，故答案是years。
（2）句意：他仔细考虑了整整一个晚上。  a whole night 是时间段，引出时间段的是介词for，故答案是for。
（3）句意：最后，他决定测试一下他的儿子。decide to do sth.，决定做某事，因此使用动词不定式，故答案是to test。
（4）句意：一天，他给了他们每人一个房间。of是介词，介词后使用宾格人称代词，将they改为them，故答案是them。
（5）句意：但是不应该有空间剩下，不能向任何人请求建议。本句为there be句式，should是情态动词，情态动词后使用动词原形，故答案是be。
（6）句意：第二天，国王参观了他的大儿子的房间。本文的基本时态是一般过去时，因此本句为一般过去时，应使用visit的过去式visited，故答案是visited。
（7）句意：于是他去了另一个房间。国王有两个儿子，分别对两人或者两件事进行描述，应使用短语one…the other…，一个……另一个……，故答案是the。
（8）句意：他的小儿子让他进去。又把门关住了。因为国王有两个儿子，先去的是大儿子的房间，后去的应该是小儿子的房间，大与小是相对的，因此都应使用比较级，故答案是younger。
（9）句意：到处都很黑，国王生气地冲着他喊叫。angry修饰动词shouted，应使用副词形式angrily，故答案是angrily。
（10）句意：智慧比容易得到的答案更重要。本句为定语从句，先形式是answers，因此关系代词使用that或者which，故答案是 which/that 。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。

6．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
    Friends are important to everyone, ________, some people may have trouble ________ （keep） their friendships. Here are some tips on how to make your friendship ________ （deep） and stronger.
    ★Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship once they become friends with some people. Though your identity （身份） is always changing, some of your personality will stay pretty much ________ same. Find out ________ those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yourself ________ （honest） to the people around you.
    ★Avoid gossip （八卦）. Friends shouldn't spread rumors （谣言） about other friends. If you've heard something bad about your friends, ________ （find） a proper way of asking them about it by ________ （you）. If you're not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice.
    ★Protect your friends. Very often, somebody that you're not close to doubts one of your ________ （friend）. It's important to find out both sides of the story, but it's also a good chance to show your friend that you trust him by telling him.
    ★Return the care. There are times when a friend will lend you a textbook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you up when you're in trouble and listen patiently when your friend shares a problem ________ you. Be sure you are as helpful as your friend, because he will take notice and feel good you.
【答案】 however；keeping；deeper；the；what；honest；find；yourself；friends；with
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要提出了使友谊变得深厚、坚固的四个建议。
（1）句意：然而，有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦。根据上文 Friends are important to everyone 朋友对每个人都很重要，可知此处为转折，然而有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦，应用转折连词however。故答案为however。
（2）句意：有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦。根据固定搭配have trouble doing sth.做某事有麻烦，可知此处应用动词keep的ing形式keeping。故答案为keeping。
（3）句意：这里有一些在如何使你的友谊更深厚、更坚固的提示。根据并列形容词比较级stronger更坚固，可知此处应用形容词deep的比较级deeper。故答案为deeper。
（4）句意：尽管你的身份总是在改变，你的一些性格基本上会保持一样。根据形容词same，一样的，可知此处应填定冠词the。故答案为the。
（5）句意：找到那些东西是什么。根据宾语those things，那些动词，可知应用疑问词what。故答案为what。
（6）句意：然后向你周围的人诚实地展示你自己。根据副词修饰动词，可知此处应用形容词honest的副词形式honestly修饰动词show。故答案为honestly。
（7）句意：找到一个合适的方式问他们。根据下文 If you're not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice. 如果你不确定如何和他们讨论，问一个你信任的朋友要建议，可知此处应用动词原形引导祈使句表劝告。故答案为find。
（8）句意：找到一个合适的方式自己问他们。根据固定搭配，by oneself，自己，可知应用代词you的反身代词yourself，故答案为yourself。
（9）句意：某个你不亲近的朋友怀疑你的一个朋友。根据固定搭配，one of+可数名词复数 ，可知此处应填名词friend的复数形式friends，故答案为friends。
（10）句意：当你的朋友和你分享一个问题。根据固定搭配，share sth. with sb.，和某人分享某物，可知此处应填介词with，故答案为with。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。

7．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入适当的词或使用括号中单词的正确形式填空。
    Exam time! Most kids don't like exams, ________ we can't live without them. They play an important role in our lives.
    Exams are not all the same. There are ________  kinds. One kind tests our knowledge and skills. The other kind helps find excellent students in different fields. For example, universities ________ （use） it to choose students.
    At middle school, exams are about answering ________ （question） on paper. At university, doing an experiment or even ________ （draw） a picture can also be exams.
    Kids in different ________ take different exams. In the USA, many school children do a book report or a science report ________ part of their exams. In Australia, middle school students need to use ________ they have learnt in class to make speeches. Sometimes, teamwork is part of an exam.
    So exams are our lifetime "friends". Be nice and ________ （patient） with them. They ________（help） to make US better than before. 
【答案】 but；two；use；questions；drawing；countries；as；what；patient；will help
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了考试是我们一生的“朋友”，善待他们，耐心对待他们，他们会帮助我们变得比以前更好。
（1）句意： 大多数孩子不喜欢考试，但是没有考试我们无法生活。根据don't like exams不喜欢和we can't live without them离不开可知此处是转折关系，故用连词but，但是，故填but。
（2）句意： 考试不尽相同，共有两种。根据下文的one和the other可知是两者，故是基数词two，两个，故填two。
（3）句意： 例如，大学用它来选择学生。描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是名词复数 universities，故谓语动词是动词原形，use是动词，故填use。
（4）句意： 在中学，考试是关于在纸上回答问题的。answer question，回答问题，故question是名词，表示泛指用复数形式，故填 questions。
（5）句意： 在大学里，做实验甚至画画也可能也是考试。根据 doing an experiment or可知or前后一致，故此处用动名词做主语，draw是动词，故填 drawing。
（6）句意： 不同国家的孩子参加不同的考试。根据 different后是名词复数，下文提到美国，加拿大等国家，故此处是名词国家，country，故填 countries。
（7）句意： 在美国，许多学生在考试中会做读书报告或科学报告。此处缺少介词，根据report可知此处是作为某个报告内容，as是介词，故填as。
（8）句意： 在澳大利亚，中学生需要用他们在课堂上学过的东西来演讲。此处是宾语从句，learn后缺少宾语，故用what指代物，故填what。
（9）句意：善待他们，耐心对待他们。be系动词后缺少形容词，be patient with，对……有耐心，固定搭配，故填 patient。
（10）句意：他们会帮助我们变得比以前更好。根据 Be nice可知祈使句后是将来时，help是动词 ， 故填 will help。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

8．语法填空
Dear Auntie Em,
    Great news! Mrs Mumford just told me I had been chosen as one of the school________（student）to visit the University of Cape Town in South Africa this summer！She said