高考英语短文改错题技巧点拨.doc

高考英语短文改错题技巧点拨
短文改错常见错误类型
1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点 常见动词错误类型有
① 一般现在时与一般过去时错用； ② and 前后动词时态不一致;
③ 主谓不一致; ④ 缺少动词,特别是be动词;
⑤ 第三人称单数形式错用; ⑥ 主动语态和被动语态错用。
1） They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.
2） As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.
3） There will an important game next month.
4）One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.
2. 非谓语动词的常见错误
1）不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。
2）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时），
3）介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。
4）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
① Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was….
② But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports
③ Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves.
④ Compare with developing countries, the highly developed countries are more likely to face crime from time to time.
3. 冠词错误
误用a和an（根据单词的因素来判定）；误用a 和the（固定搭配，各自单独使用的地方）；多余的冠词或则少冠词。
① We may be one family and live under a same roof.
② As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants.
③ My teacher advised me to keep my dairy.
④ I hope you have pleasant journey.
4 介词错误
1）词组中的介词误用，2）介词意思理解偏差，3）介词的多用或少用
① There are too many people among my family.
② I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.
5. 形容词和副词错误
1) 系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官动词 smell /feel）
2) 词性的误用（形容词修饰名词；修饰动词、形容词副词和过去分词用副词）
① I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.
② My pronunciation was terribly.
6. 连词错误
连词包括关系代词、关系副词，并列连词and/ or/but等（一般考查从句关系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether ）
① I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei.
② I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.
③ Clever as she is, but she works very hard.
④ When I was a child, rain was a mystery. In one class, I learned it rained.
7 代词错误
1）代词的主格和宾格（I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us ;They/ them ）
2）反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）
3）代词的单数和复数
4）多余的代词和少代词
① Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.
② One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (加it)
③ What’s more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him.
8. 名词的常见错误
单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。
① I’ll get good marks in all my subject.
② Their word were a great encouragement to me.
③ Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.

短文改错解题思路和检查原则
1）句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；
2）谓语动词的时态、语态；
3）非谓语动词的用法；
4）名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；
5）定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；
6）代词的格和性的使用是否有误；
7）定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误；
8）并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。
短文改错解题四原则
1） 改动以最少为原则 2）虚词以添加或删除为原则
3）实词以改变词形为原则 4）以保持句子原意为原则
短文改错解题步骤
1）通读全文，掌握大意 2）整句分析，逐行推敲3）反复通读，复查验证
高考各省市短文改错题

Correction 1(2014课标全国Ⅰ)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden. Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
 Correction 2(2014课标全国Ⅱ)
My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.
My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.

Correction 3(2014浙江)
I was taking a train to London’s Victoria Station. I had noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people.
Before long, a train inspector comes to check our tickets. A passenger realized he couldn’t find his ticket but became quite upset. Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner. The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.
No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before. Yet they had so quickly offered the strangers their help. If we could show concern to others on need, the world would be a better place to live in.

Correction 4(2014辽宁)
Dear Jeremy and Alice,
Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors, we’re hoping to settle something that bothers to us. In a word, your dog—Cleo.
We’ve called several time about Cleo’s early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she’s outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5 o’clock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.
We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.
Sincerely,
Jack and Rose
Correction 5(2014四川)
Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don’t panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it’s a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.

  Correction 6 (2013辽宁)
Mr. Johnson is a hardworking teacher. Every day , he spends too much time with his work. With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. Hard work have made him very ill. “He has ruined his healthy. We are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say. Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr. Johnson. I was eager to see him, but outside her room I stopped. I had to calm myself down. Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had taken together. I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him.

Correction 7 (2013浙江卷)
Dear diary,
Here I am in the middle of a city, 350 miles far away from our farmland. Do you want to know why we move last week? Dad lost his job, and as Mum explained, “He was lucky to find other one.” His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmate, my school or just everything else I love in the world. To made matters bad, now I have to share a room with my younger sister, Maggie. Tomorrow is first day of school. I am awfully tiring, but I know I’ll never fall sleep.
Good night and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend.

58（2008安徽卷）
One day, while my friend and I was traveling through 76.__________
Germany, we were not very hungry but we only had a little 77.__________
money. We decided stop at a village market to buy 78.__________
something to eat. We choose the cheapest biscuits and 79.__________
ate it under a tree. We thought the biscuits were great. 80.__________
“Let’s got some more,” I said, “They’re cheap and they 81.__________
really taste well.” My friend could read some German, but 82.__________
I couldn’t, and I gave her the biscuit bag to find the name. 83.__________
She looked at it and started to laugh, “How are you laughing?” 84.__________
I asked. “Because they’re dog biscuits!” She said. 85.__________

59（2008福建卷）
I am very exciting to learn that you’re coming to 76.__________
Beijing for the Olympic. Both my parent miss you a 77.__________
lot. So do our friend, Cathy, August is the best time 78.__________
of the year to visit Beijing, because of there is only 79.__________
a few rain and the weather is neither too hot nor too 80.__________
cold. There are so many places I want to take you to 81.__________
after I finish my work like a volunteer. When you come, 82.__________
you can stay with ourselves. My house is about three kilometers 83.__________
far away from the National Stadium, also known as 84.__________
the “Bird’s Nest”, where opening ceremony will be held. 85.__________

60（2008辽宁卷）
It is five years now since I graduate from No. 3 High 76.__________
School. Last Saturday, the class that I was on held a 77.__________
get-together, which took us a long time prepare. It 78.__________
was indeed not easy to get in the touch with everybody 79.__________
and set a well time for all of us. We all enjoyed 80.__________
this precious day greatly, remember the time we spent 81.__________
together and the people they were familiar with. It was 82.__________
a pity which some of us were not present as they had 83.__________
gone abroad for further studies, but they called back 84.__________
or sent greeting card from different places. 85.__________

61（2008全国卷I）
Dear Alice,
I have just got some good news to tell to you. 76.__________
I win a national prize for painting last week. 77.__________
My father was so pleasing that he suggested 78.__________
I go to England for a holiday. I’d like to staying 79.__________
there for half a month, visiting place of interest 80.__________
or practicing my English as well. We’ve been 81.__________
writing to each for nearly a year now. I have 82.__________
often dreamed of talk face to with you. 83.__________
I imagine you’ll be at vacation yourself by that 84.__________
time. Perhaps we could go out to do some 85.__________
sightseeing together.
Best,
Lily

62（2008全国卷II）
If I have the honor to be chose to work for the 76.__________
29th Olympic Games, I will at first improve my 77.__________
English so that I can talk easily about foreign visitors. 78.__________
Second, I will learn more about history of the 79.__________
Olympics as good as the 2008 Olympic Games. Third, 80.__________
since I was familiar with Beijing, I can help visitors find 81.__________
their ways in the city. Finally, I should be able to tell 82.__________
visitors about our history and culture and show 83.__________
them their great achievements. In short, I will do 84.__________
my best to help making the Games a success. 85.__________

63（2008陕西卷）
John Brown is London taxi driver who love going to the 76.__________
theatre. Last week his mother gave him two tickets for a play. 77.__________
The tickets were on Sunday evening. Then John read some 78.__________
reviews of the play, which all said it was a terribly one! He 79.__________
wouldn’t go to see a play that no one liked it. So two hours 80.__________
before the play started, he left the ticket on the back seat of 81.__________
his taxi. Perhaps someone who wanted see the play would take them. 82.__________
However, while John went back home, the tickets were 83.__________
still there. In the fact, there were four tickets on the seat. 84.__________
Someone has placed another pair of tickets on top of them! 85.__________

64（2008四川卷）
As summer vacation are coming soon, my classmates are 56.__________
trying very hardly to get train tickets to go home. But 57.__________
I have made up my minds to spend the vacation far from 58.__________
home for first time in my life. My parents have agreed 59.__________
to visiting me, and I will have a different vacation. When 60.__________
they came here, I will show them around my university 61.__________
and the city just as well. I have decided to buy them 62.__________
some nice gifts. It will be a big surprising for them. My 63.__________
parents have done a lot for me, and I think it is high time 64.__________
that I did anything special to express my thanks. 65.__________

65（2008天津卷）
Last summer I go to America and studied at a language 56.__________
school. I had many wonderful experience, but I also 57.__________
had a sad one. One day, the school held party, where 58.__________
I invited to talk about Tianjin. After that they asked me a lot of 59.__________
things about China. But I couldn’t explain them with English 60.__________
clearly. I felt sadly. I learnt a lesson from this experience. I 61.__________
have already studied English for eight years, I can’t use it 62.__________
very good. I must work hard to improve my spoken English 63.__________
so that I will not be able to communicate freely with foreigners. 64.__________
I hope I can be a bridge between China and others countries 65.__________
in the future.

66（2008浙江卷）
Last winter vacation, some of my classmates decide to 76.__________
travel with their friends, while I chose to take part-time job 77.__________
to gain experience and earn some money. I learned from my 78.__________
teacher that a nearby company was looking after students 79.__________
with good handwriting to write address on envelope. The 80.__________
pay were 10 cent per envelope. I headed for the company, 81.__________
feeling sure I would easy finish 300 envelops in five hours and 82.__________
to earn the money. Actual