PEP小学英语总复习资料.doc

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pep小学英语总复习资料
一：学生易错词汇
1.     a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a.
2.     am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.
3.     have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .
4.     there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.
5.     some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.
6.     疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why（为什么）when(什么时候）which（哪一个）how old (多大) how many （多少）how much（多少钱）
二：形容词比较级详解
当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：
什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：
I’m taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）
形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ,
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier
④ 双写最后的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter
☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。
典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）
比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。
应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.
比较级专项练习: 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big
(1) How is the Yellow River?
(2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.
(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.
(4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg.
二、根据句意写出所缺的单词
(1) I’m 12 years old. You’re 14. I’m than you.
(2) A rabbit’s tail is than a monkey’s tail.
(3) An elephant is than a pig.
(4) A lake is than a sea.
(5) A basketball is than a football.
三、根据中文完成句子.
(1)  我比我的弟弟大三岁. I’m than my brother.
(2)  这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one.
(3)  你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.
(4)  谁比你重? than you？
四、根据答句写出问句
(1) I’m 160 cm.
(2) I’m 12 years old.
(4) Amy’s hair is 30 cm long.
三：动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：
Ａ、规则动词
①    一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如　worked , learned , cleaned , visited
②　以e结尾的动词直接加d：如　lived , danced , used
③    以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如　study – studied carry – carried worry – worried （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类）
④ 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如　stopped
Ｂ、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：
sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read
fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came
lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
四：动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则：
①    一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing　，如having , writing
③ 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting
五：人称和数

人称代词
物主代词
主格
宾格
第一
人称
单数
I（我）
me
my（我的）
复数
we（我们）
us
our（我们的）
第二
人称
单数
you（你）
you
your（你的）
复数
you（你们）
you
your（你们的）
第三
人称
单数
he（他）
him
his（他的）
she（她）
her
her（她的）
it（它）
it
its（它的）
复数
they（他们/她们/它们）
them
their（他们的/她们的/它们的）
六：句型专项归类
1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。
3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。
如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).
Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
☆注意☆ 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，
①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。
4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：
What is this? It’s a computer.
What does he do? He’s a doctor.
Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.
Which season do you like best? Summer.
When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.
Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.
Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.
How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.
How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量)）, how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）
例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.
How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.
How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.
☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，
How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少……？
How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少……？
How many + 名词复数 + are there…? 有多少……？
七：完全、缩略形式: I’m=I am he’s=he is she’s=she is they’re=they are you’re=you are there’s=there is they’re=they are can’t=can not don’t=do not doesn’t=does not isn’t=is not aren’t=are not let’s=let us won’t=will not I’ll=I will wasn’t=was not
 总结：通常情况下，'m即am，'s即is（但 let’s=let us）， 're即are  ，n't即not （但can’t=can not）
八：与字母相关的题型 ( 注：五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu )
写出与所给单词发音相同的字母（大小写）。
1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you ( )

九：小学三至六年级英语四会单词、句子汇总
四年级上册
Unit 4：home room school classroom door chair bed desk window
Unit 5：bread egg milk water rice beef chicken fish
Unit 6：sister brother father mother farmer driver nurse doctor
四年级下册
Unit 1：computer board fans light teacher’s desk picture floor wall
This is my computer. That is your computer. Is this a teacher’s desk? Yes, it is.
Unit 2：one two three four five six seven eight nine ten music math Chinese English P.E.
What time is it? It’s two o’clock.. It’s 9:45. It’s time for math class.
Unit 3：red blue yellow green white skirt shirt jacket dress
Is this your T-shirt? No, it’s not. What colour is it? It’s white.
Unit 4：jeans pants socks shoes sunny warm cold snowy
It’s warm today. Let’s play football. It’s cool. Is it cold？
Unit 5：big small long short nice apple banana pear watermelon
How much is it? It’s ten yuan. How much are they? They’re three yuan.
Unit 6：cat rabbit pig duck dog eleven twelve fifteen thirteen twenty
Are they ducks? No, they aren’t. How many horses are there? Twelve.
五年级上册
Unit 1: young funny tall strong kind old short thin smart active strict quiet
Who’s your English teacher? Mr Carter. What’s he like? He’s tall and strong.
Is she quite? No, she isn’t. She’s very active. Is she strict? Yes, she is, but she’s very kind.
Unit 2: Monday (Mon.) Tuesday (Tue.) Wednesday (Wed.) Thursday (Thu.) Friday (Fri.) Saturday (Sat.) Sunday (Sun.) day have do homework watch TV read books
What day is it today? It’s Wednesday. We have English, math and science on Thursdays.
What do you have on Thursday? What do you do on Saturdays? I watch TV on Saturdays.
Unit 3: eggplant fish green beans tofu potato tomato lunch tasty sweet sour fresh salty favourtie fruit grape What do you have for lunch on Mondays?
We have tomatoes, tofu and fish. What’s your favourite fruit? I like apples. They’re sweet.
I like fruit. But I don’t like grapes. They’re sour.
Unit 4: cook the meals water the flowers sweep the floor clean the bedroom make the bed set the table wash the clothes do the dishes use a computer
What can you do? I can sweep the floor. I can cook the meals. I can water the flowers.
Can you make the bed? No, I can’t. Can you use a computer? Yes, I can.
Unit 5: curtain trash bin closet mirror end table bedroom kitchen bathroom living room clothes in on under near over behind The trash bin is behind the door.
There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.
There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet. The closet is near the table. Many clothes are in the closet.
Unit 6: mountain river flower grass lake forest path park house bridge tree road building any
Is there a forest in the park? Yes, there is. Is there a river? No, there isn’t.
五年级下册
Unit 1: do morning exercises eat breakfast have English class play sports eat dinner get up climb mountains go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking usually often sometimes
When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening. When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 at noon.
What do you do on the weekend? Usually I watch TV and go shopping. Sometimes I visit my grandparents.
What about you? I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking.
Unit 2: spring summer fall winter season which best swim fly kites sleep skate make a snowman plant trees why because Which season do you like best? I like winter best.
Summer is good, but fall is my favourite season. Why do you like summer? Because I can swim in the lake.
Why do you like winter? Because I can sleep a long time.
Unit 3: January (Jan.) February (Feb.) March (Mar.) April (Apr.) May June July August (Aug.) September (Sept.) October (Oct.) November (Nov.) December (Dec.) birthday uncle her date
When is your birthday? It’s in May. My birthday is in June. Uncle Bill’s birthday is in June, too.
Is her birthday in June? Yes. What’s the date? June 9th .
Unit 4: draw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone listen to music clean the room
write a letter write an e-mail mom grandpa study Hi, John. This is Zhang Peng.
What are you doing? I’m doing the dishes. I’m reading a book. Grandpa is writing a letter.
Brother is doing homework. Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen. He’s writing an e-mail in the study.
Unit 5: fly jump walk run swim kangaroo sleep climb fight swing drink water
What is it doing? It’s eating bananas. What is she doing? She’s jumping.
What are they doing? They’re swimming. They’re climbing trees.
Unit 6: take pictures watch insects pick up leaves do an experiment catch butterflies count insects collect leaves write a report play chess have a picnic honey
Are you eating lunch? No, we aren’t. Are they eating the honey? Yes, they are.
Is he playing chess? Yes, he is. Is she counting insects? No, she isn’t.
六年级上册
Unit 1: on foot by bike by bus by train by plane by ship go to school traffic light traffic rule stop wait get to How do you go to school, Sarah? Usually I go to school on foot.
Sometimes I go by bike. How can I get to Zhongshan Park? You can go by the No.15 bus.
Unit 2:library post office hospital cinema bookstore where please next to turn right turn left go straight then
Where is the cinema, please? It’s next to the hospital. Turn left at the cinema, then go straight. It’s on the left.
Unit 3: next week this morning this afternoon this evening comic book post card newspaper buy
What are you going to do on the weekend? I’m going to visit my grandparents this weekend.
Where are you going this afternoon? I’m going to the bookstore.
What are you going to buy? I am going to buy a comic book.
Unit 4: hobby ride a bike dive play the violin make kites collect stamps live teaches watches goes does doesn’t=does not What’s your hobby? I like collecting stamps. He likes collecting stamps, too.
Does she teach English? No, she doesn’t. Does she teach you math? Yes, she does.
Unit 5: singer writer actor actress artist TV reporter engineer accountant policeman cleaner salesperson work What does your mother do? She is a TV reporter.
Where does she work? She works in a school. How does she go to work? She goes to work by bus.
Unit 6: rain cloud sun stream come from seed soil sprout plant should then
Where does the rain come from? It comes from the clouds. How do you do that? What should you do then?
六年级下册
Unit 1: taller shorter stronger older younger bigger heavier longer thinner smaller
How tall are you? I’m 164 cm tall. You’re shorter than me. You’re 4 cm taller than me.
How heavy are you? I’m 48 kg. I’m thinner and shorter than you
Unit 2: have a fever hurt have a cold have a toothache have a headache have a sore throat matter sore nose tired excited angry happy bored sad What’s the matter? My throat is sore.
My nose hurts. How are you, Liu Yun? You look so happy. How are you, Sarah? You look sad today.
Unit 3: watch - watched wash - washed clean - cleaned play - played visit - visited do - did
last weekend go - went read – read went fishing went hiking
What did you do last weekend? I played football. Did you read books? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
Unit 4: learn Chinese – learned Chinese sing – sang dance – danced eat good food – ate good food
take pictures – took pictures climb a mountain – climbed a mountain buy presents – bought presents row a boat – rowed a boat see elephants – saw elephants went skiing went ice-skating get to – got to have – had Where did you go on your holiday? I went