高中英语必修四第四单元重难点.doc

高中英语必修四第四单元重点、难点
Unit Four  Body language
1、  Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.
    昨天，我和另一个学生代表我们学校的学生会，到首都国际机场去迎接今年的国际学生。
represent vt. 代表；代理
用法归纳：
（1）represent oneself as / to be…自称是…；自言
  He represented himself to be a member of our group. 他自称自己是我们小组的成员。
  Don’t represent yourself as a leader. 别自称自己是领导。
（2）represent sth. to sb. 阐述；表达
 Let me represent my idea to you in another way. 让我用另一种方式向你表达我的观点。
 Can you represent it to us in detail. 你能详细向我们叙述吗？
（3）represent sth. 代表；代理
 You two will represent our school at the meeting. 你俩个代表我们学校去开会。
2、Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the check
托尼走近茱莉亚，摸了摸她的肩，亲了亲她的脸。
   approach v.
   用法归纳：
  （1）走近；接近
   When you approach him, walk softly and slowly. 接近他的时候，慢慢地、轻轻地走。
   As winter approaches, the weather becomes colder. 冬季来临时，天气更冷了。
  （2）找某人；接近某人
   The headmaster is difficult to approach. 校长很难接近。
   That is not a good way to approach her. 那不是接近她的好办法。
  （3）对待；处理
   You should approach the small kitty with care. 你应该小心对待那只小猫。
   My father approaches everything with great thought. 我父亲处理每件事情都要深思熟虑。
   联想扩展：
   approach n.
  （1）接近；走近
   The bird flew away at our approach. 我们一接近鸟就飞了。
  （2）对待或处理事情的方式方法
   When you learn a foreign language, the best approach is using it.
   学外语最好的方法就是使用它。
  （3）make approaches to sb.设法接近或认识某人
   He is good at making approaches to strangers. 他擅长认识陌生人。
   即时活用：
   When is the best time to _______ my employer about an increase in salary ?
A. arrive at    B. get to   C. reach   D. approach
答案：D
3、However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.
   不过，来自西班牙、意大利和南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且可能会接触对方。
likely adj.
用法归纳：
   （1）可能   作表语
A. 跟不定式
Are you likely to be here early tomorrow morning? 明天早上你可能早点到这儿吗？
It is likely to snow tonight. 今晚可能会下雪。
B. 跟从句
It is not likely that the Somali pirates will set free the sailors unconditionally.
索马里海盗不可能无条件地释放海员。
It is likely that he will win the match. 他有可能赢得比赛。
   （2）作定语
A.可能的；可信的
What is his likely place to stay. 他可能会呆在那里？
One likely result of the heavy snow is the rising of the vegetable price.
大雪的一个可能的结果就是菜价上涨。
B. 合适的；有希望的
The park is a likely place for a walk. 公园是适合散步的地方。
He is a likely young painter. 他是一个有希望的年轻画家。
联想扩展：
likely adv. 很可能
The baby will very likely cry when you leave. 你离开时小孩很可能会哭。
特别提示：
likely作副词表示“很可能”时，多和most或very连用。 
易混辨析：
    possible,  probable; likely 可能
possible 强调客观上有可能性，暗示“实际上可能性很小”。
probable 指有根据，合情理，值得信任的事物。 “大概，很可能”。
likely 从表面看某事很可能发生。
即时活用：
1、In my opinion, ______ quite likely that he will spend more time on computer study.
      A. there’s     B. it’s     C. he’s     D. that’s
  答案：B
2、The weatherman said that it is ____ to rain, but not _____.
A. possible; probable      B. probable; possible 
C. possibly; probable      D. probably; possibly
   答案：A
3、It is _______that the letter will ____you this afternoon.
A. most like; arrive     B. likely; reach   C. mostly like; get     D. best like; reach
答案：B
4、In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads.
   但总的来说，在当今文化交融的时代，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。
   in general 一般说来；总的说来
   In general, you have done a good job. 总的说来，你的工作做的不错。
   Women in general like to shop for new clothes. 一般说来，女人喜欢买新衣服。
   avoid vt. 避免
   We should avoid the topic before him. 在他面前我们应该避免这个话题。
   She didn’t attend the meeting to avoid meeting him. 她没去开会为了不遇到他。
   特别提示：
   avoid后一般跟名词、代词或动名词。
   即时活用：
   People _______ like her , although sometimes she annoys them .
A. in generally   B. general    C. in general   D. in a general
答案：C
5、defend vt. & vi.
   用法归纳：
  （1）保卫；保护
   The mother defended the baby from the falling ceiling.
   妈妈保护婴儿不受下落的天花板的伤害。
   We should defend our planet. 我们应该保卫我们的星球。
  （2）为…辩护
   If you don’t have a lawyer, you can defend yourself. 如果没有律师，你可以为自己辩护。
   You can defend your idea. 你可以为你自己的观点辩护。
   联想扩展：
   defend against / from 保护…使不受
   We ought to defend ourselves against H1N1 flu. 我们应该保护自己不受甲流侵害。
   即时活用：
   1、The city ____ by an army of 600 men was difficult to take.
A. defending   B. to defend    C. having defended    D. defended
      答案：D
   2、I can’t afford a lawyer so I shall ______ myself .
A. recommend     B. affect     C. predict     D. defend
答案：D
6、People around the world show all kinds of feelings, wishes and attitudes that they might never speak aloud.
   世界各地的人表达出他们永远说不出的各种各样的感情、希望和态度。
   aloud adv.
   用法归纳：
  （1）出声的
   Students should read English aloud. 学生们应该大声读英语。
   Please read aloud. 请出声读。
  （2）大声的
   Can you read your composition aloud to the class? 你能把你的作文大声向全班朗读吗？
   I dare not speak aloud. 我不敢大声说。
   易混辨析：
   loud ; loudly ; aloud
   loud作副词或形容词，表示“大声的”，多和sing, speak, talk, cry, 等词连用。有比较级。
   loudly 作副词，表示“大声的”，但侧重于“喧闹；吵杂”，多和shout, explode 等词连用，有比较级。
   aloud作副词，表示“出声的；大声的”，多和read ，speak 或think连用，无比较级。
   即时活用：
   用loud ; loudly ; aloud填空。
   1、Speak ______ please, I can’t hear clearly.
   2、Don’t speak too       ，it’s too noisy here.
   3、The baby cried ______ for half an hour.
   4、My father often sits alone, thinking ______.
   答案：1、louder   2、loudly    3、loud   4、aloud
7、The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile---its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.
   微笑当然是最普遍通用的面部表情，它的作用是表示快乐并使人放松。
   at ease舒适；自由自在 
I feel at ease with friends. 和朋友在一起我感到自在。
She knew that he was not at ease. 她知道他不自在。
联想扩展：
set / put…at ease  使安心   with ease 毫不费劲的；轻而易举的
8、Making a fist and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening another person.
   握拳头并且晃动拳头基本上就是说一个人生气了并威胁另一个人。
   almost adv. 几乎
   We have almost finished the homework. 我们快要做完作业了。
   It was almost dark in the room when there is no light.
没有灯的时候那个房子几乎漆黑一片。
特别提示：
almost作副词，修饰形容词、副词或动词。
易混辨析：
nearly和almost的区别
（1）nearly可和almost替换。 
（2）句子前面如果有very, pretty, not时，只可用nearly。
It is not nearly so easy as you think.
（3）当修饰no, nothing, none, never, nobody, nowhere等否定词时，只可用almost.
There is almost no food left for him.
9、In most places around the world, frowning and turning one’s back to someone shows anger.
   在世界大部分地方，皱眉头和背对某人表示生气。
   turn one’s back on / upon / to 不理睬；不肯帮忙；脱离
   When I asked him for help, he turned his back on me. 我求他帮忙时，他不理睬。
   He has turned his back to his past way of life. 他脱离了过去的生活方式。
10、Not all cultures use the handshake, and people in many Asian cultures do not always touch another person.
   并非所有文化都使用握手，亚洲许多不同文化的人们一般不接触别人。
   “not all…并非所有”为半否定。半否定的句型有：
    Not all… 并非所有…
    All… not…并非所有…
    Not every… 并非每一个…
    Every… not…并非每一个…
    All the students in our class are not league member. 我们班并非所有同学都是团员。
    Everything that glitters is not gold. 并非每一个发光的都是金子。
    特别提示：
    全否定用 None of…句型。
    None of the students in our class are party members. 我们班所有同学都不是党员。
    None of the students in our class is a party member. 我们班没有一个同学是党员。
    特别提示：
    None of..作主语时，表示“所有都不是”谓语用复数；表示“没有一个是”谓语用单数。
    即时活用：
    1、_________ of us knows how many of them have been killed in that accident.
A. None    B. No one    C. Not all     D. Not a one
       答案：A
    2、After a long walk, they were _______ very tired, but _____ of them would stop to rest.
A. all; neither   B. both; none   C. all; none   D. both; neither
       答案：C