英语教学设计与案例分析.doc

Instructional Design of We need your support Oxfam Trailwalker
1. Lead in with a brief introduction to Charity organizations.
Lead–in part contains three steps: raising some questions, showing the picture, introducing the charity activity called trailwalker. There is a saying that goes “Well begun, half done”.
Therefore, lead-in is essential and vital to the whole class. Tong (2011) holds the view that a wonderful and effective lead-in can not only stimulate students’ interest and desire for knowledge, but also help develop and deepen students’ thinking, inquire teaching content, and maintain a positive attitude towards learning, which can prepare the way for improving the teaching efficiency.
The teacher began the class by asking the students to lead students to think actively, for instance: “How many charity organizations have you known? What are they? Have you taken part in the charity activities?” In answering these questions, some students thought they had never taken part in charity activities. Actually，the teacher could tell them all of them have donated money to Project Hope and ask them to join in other activities.
In terms of showing the logo of trailwalker with PPT. Teacher could provide a question for the students to discuss “What does the logo look like?” Seeing the logo of trailwalker, students’ interest and curiosity were aroused, even some students became motivated to know what to learn in the text. After some students presented their answers, the teacher could introduce the charity walk.
In terms of introducing the charity activity called trailwalker. It went like this:
Sometimes they go hiking within some hours. Though it is hard work, it is a good chance to learn about working together and also they can raise money for charities. We call them fund- raising events. And the teacher can present the information in another way. Sometimes they go hiking within some hours. Though it is tough work, it is an excellent chance to learn about team spirit and also they can raise money for charities. We call them fund-raising events.
This step helped all the students to be familiar with the new words and phrases: tough, excellent, team spirit. Therefore, the teacher asked the students to read the connection between the two passages. Having known more about the information of trailwalker, students were interested in what they would learn next. And also it would be easier to go on learning the passage.
2. Fast reading with a focus on the main idea of the passage.
The students were asked to read the text quickly. They were expected to grasp lots of important facts. They could use the “key- word” strategy, which is made of three steps: read the text, and highlight the most important ideas or facts, think about a gist sentence that captures the important ideas in the paragraph. After reading, the students could abstract the key word “fund- raising event”, “tough hike”, “team spirit” from the first sentences in Paragraph 1, 2, 3. Similarly, the students got the key words “support teams”, “training” from the sentences in the middle of Paragraph 4, 5. The key-word strategy could benefit a wide variety of students with the understanding of the whole passage.
3. Close reading with a focus on more information about Oxfam Trailwalker
3.1 Close reading with a focus on more information about Oxfam Trailwalker
- What, who, when, where, why
This part was intended to tell the students the functions of wh- words. It is made up of two steps: students’ making predictions about detailed information in the form of wh- questions and reading for more important information. The teacher helped and encouraged students to make predictions about the detailed information the first paragraph may contain. The students could find that in this paragraph, it referred to partial information – what, who, when, where, why. The teacher required students to read it carefully with the intent of capturing some useful and significant information about the event. For example: Who can be Oxfam trailwalker? When is it held every year? Where is it held? Why is it held? In this way, students would have a better understanding of Oxfam trailwalker.
3.2 Close reading with a focus on more information about Oxfam trailwalker- the numbers
This part was intended to tell the students how tough the walk is! It consists of two parts. Firstly, the teacher provided the students a short passage about Oxfam trailwalker:
You have to finish walking a 100- kilometer trail within 48 hours. It means you may have to walk for two days and nights without sleep. The trailwalker have to walk through eight country parks and over twenty hills and mountains.
While reading it, the teacher asked the students to pay more attention to the numbers, and then required the students to read it aloud by themselves and try to remember the numbers.
Secondly, the teacher showed the students the same passage but without the numbers. Ask the students to memorize the numbers. At the same time they could experience the tough hike through the numbers.
3.3 Close reading with a focus on more information about Oxfam trailwalker
– before, during, after the trail walk
According to Dict.CN, time sequence refers to a following of one thing after another in time. The teacher guided the students to have close reading for more detailed information, thus making the students have a deeper understanding of the Oxfam trailwalker. During the period, the teacher helped the students summarize the event. Summarization is how we take large selections of text and reduce them to their bare essentials: the gist, the key ideas, the main points. The students could skip for “time and event”, discussing with each other and talk about “What should the members do before/ during/ after the walk? ” This part is to help students make a summarization of the text. At last, the teacher could list the main points on the screen: before the walk: plan everything together; during the walk: walk together; before& during the walk: support and help each other. Teacher can ask the students to pay attention to team spirit.
3.4 Close reading with a focus on more information about Oxfam trailwalker
– the job of support team
In this part, the students were first asked to read the last paragraph of the text, which tells us the job of support team and the work to do if we want to take part in the charity walk. In terms of discussion and summarization, the students were divided into groups of four and discussed it freely. They were glad to express their opinions with others. The teacher controlled their answers and showed them on the screen: A support team can provide team members with food and drinks during the walk.
4. Assignment with a focus on a test concerning content and vocabulary
Assigning homework is a very important part of the class, which is also vital in the whole course of learning. After they finished the whole text, they could understand the main content of the text. The assignment for this class is that according to the text, the students were required to finish a test. There are two items in the test. Item 1 is to judge whether the sentence is right or wrong, if it is false, ask the students to correct. Item 2 is to fill in the blanks with the proper words from the text so as to consolidate it.
Ⅰ. Write a T if the sentence is right, an F if it’s false.
1. Oxfam Trailwalker is organized by the Red Cross.
2. If you are 16, you can join the event.
3. Teams have to walk 100 kilometres in 48 hours.
4. The route goes through 6 country parks.
5. They don’t need to walk together.
6. Teams have to carry everything they need.
7. Each team must raise at least HK$6,000.
8. It’s easy to finish the walk.
Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks according to the article:
Oxfam Trailwalker is held in ______ every year since1981. People over ______ years old can form groups of four to join the event. Its aim is to help people in ______ and other parts of Asia and ______. People who join in the activity have to walk ______ kilometres within ______ hours. They have to walk through eight country ______ and over ______ hills and mountains. A support team can provide them with ______ and ______ during the walk. They will also bring warm and dry clothes.
5. Assignment with a focus on consolidation by retelling the story
When the students complete the above four steps, they can master the key points and the main content of the whole text by plot.
Retelling the texts means that students use their own understandings to refine or imitate an article which is similar to the text. By retelling the texts what they have learned, students can improve their ability to express in English and can train their ability of thinking, inference and logic. It enables students to make use of the plot to understand the text. This activity can not only give them an opportunity to say something in English, but can also give them an opportunity to consolidate the text.
Information for reference
Fund- raising event
What, Who, When, Why, Where
Tough hike
What, Who, When, Why, Where
Team spirit
before, during, before& during
Support teams
job
Support teams
…

Text
We need your support Oxfam Trailwalker
Oxfam Trailwalker has been one of Hong Kong’s biggest fund-raising events since 1981. It was known as Trailwalker before. It is organized by Oxfam Hong Kong to raise money for helping poor people in Hong Kong and other parts of Asia and Africa. Trailwalker is held in November every year. People over eighteen can group themselves into a team of four and join this charity walk.
Oxfam Trailwalker is a tough hike because you have to finish walking a 100- kilometer trail within 48 hours. It means you may have to walk for two days and nights without sleep. The trailwalkers have to walk through eight country parks and over twenty hills and mountains.
It is an excellent chance for people to learn team spirit. All the team members must plan everything together before the event. You need to walk together to finish the hike because only the team’s finishing time will be recorded. It is necessary for you to support and help each other before and during the event.
You should plan what you are going to carry during the walk. You cannot carry everything with you, so it is useful to have support teams to bring you food and drinks. Warm and dry clothes are also necessary to keep you comfortable during the walk. Each team must raise at least HK$6,500. The money is used to help poor people and to support development projects.
Of course, the walk itself is not easy- going up hills, without sleep and with tired bodies. It is necessary that you start training a few months before the walk. Why not try your best to help people in need? This will be an experience you will never forget.