公开课-高考英语任务型阅读-七选五解读课件培训讲学.ppt

阅读填空（七选五）阅读填空（七选五）高高 考考 新新 题题 型型解题技巧及范例解题技巧及范例Teaching aims:(教学目标教学目标)了解了解“七选五七选五”的特点、掌握解题的特点、掌握解题的技巧。的技巧。利用所学解题技巧进行解题训练。利用所学解题技巧进行解题训练。Step1:Leading-in(导入导入)l试题模式试题模式：给出一篇给出一篇缺少缺少5 5个句子个句子的的说明文说明文或或议论议论文文，对应有对应有7个选项个选项，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。l考查重点：考查重点：主要考查考生对主要考查考生对文章的整体内容文章的整体内容和和结构结构以及以及上下文逻辑意义上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）的理解和掌握。（考试说明）l选项特点：选项特点：主旨概括句主旨概括句（文章整体内容）（文章整体内容）过渡性句子过渡性句子（文章结构）（文章结构）注释性句子注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）（上下文逻辑意义）挖空特点：挖空特点：标题类、主题句类、承上启下类、标题类、主题句类、承上启下类、概括总结类。概括总结类。题题型解型解读读篇章结构类篇章结构类细节类细节类挖空特点挖空特点篇章结构类题解题技巧篇章结构类题解题技巧Step 2 解题技巧解题技巧篇章结构类解题技巧篇章结构类解题技巧段尾段尾段落中间段落中间段首或段落标题段首或段落标题根据空根据空格所在格所在位置位置根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1)如果如果空格在空格在段首段首或为或为段落标题段落标题 *通常是段落主题句，通常是段落主题句，概括本段中心内容概括本段中心内容*段落标题段落标题-祈使句或名词短语祈使句或名词短语*段首段首-引入下文引入下文TipTip：认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题 。A.Show your true interest.B.Restate the question with respect.C.Some ideas can be quite concrete.73 When a person is asking a question,show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.空格为段落标题空格为段落标题空格为段落标题空格为段落标题 （课标全国卷）（课标全国卷）（课标全国卷）（课标全国卷）祈使句祈使句2)如果空格在段尾如果空格在段尾 *通常是通常是结论、概括性语句结论、概括性语句。*按照一定的逻辑顺序发展最终按照一定的逻辑顺序发展最终*承上启下承上启下*和段首句首尾呼应和段首句首尾呼应Tip：注意在注意在选项中查找表示时间选项中查找表示时间顺序、结果、顺序、结果、结论、总结结论、总结等的信号词等的信号词，如，如therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略 Here are a few tips for making sure your newculture doesnt overpower the old.Keep in touch with home.You probably leftbehind good friends and family when you moved.Ifits going to be a long time until your next visit,keepin touch.Youve not only left behind people,butalso other things-like your favorite spot to hang out._4_A.Its important to be yourself.B.Keep pictures around to remind you home.C.But the good news is that culture shock is temporary.B首尾呼应首尾呼应空格为段尾空格为段尾3)3)空格在段中空格在段中 这时要根据空格这时要根据空格前后前后的句子意思、句子之的句子意思、句子之间的间的逻辑关系逻辑关系以及以及备选选项的句子意思备选选项的句子意思来确来确定答案。定答案。根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略 Not all past predictions have been proved wrong._ Some great thinkers predicted the arrival of the credit card,the fax machine and even the internet-years before they happened.A.Predictions of the FutureB.A few of them have been surprisingly accurate.C.It hasnt appear yet.段中段中解题技巧解题技巧细节类题型解题技巧细节类题型解题技巧细节类解题技巧细节类解题技巧词汇同现法词汇同现法词汇复现法词汇复现法代词线索法代词线索法逻辑关系线索法逻辑关系线索法关关键键词词词汇复现法词汇复现法同义词、同义词、近义词近义词反义词反义词同词、同词、同源词同源词重复出现重复出现 词汇复现是作者在文章上下文不同的位置对词汇复现是作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个同一个概念概念进行进行重复重复描述。常见有：描述。常见有：During my first meeting,I presented and then opened the floor to questions.71 .My first reaction was to answer defensively.B.Restate the question with respect.C.Some ideas can be quite concrete.D.There were many difficult questions.词汇复现（同词复现）词汇复现（同词复现）词汇复现（同词复现）词汇复现（同词复现）（全国课标卷）（全国课标卷）（全国课标卷）（全国课标卷）D.Try not to find fault with your friends.E.Making new friends comes easy for some people.F.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town,or changed our jobs or schools.Such changes often leaves us without a friend 71.But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.词汇复现（反义词复现）词汇复现（反义词复现）词汇复现（反义词复现）词汇复现（反义词复现）（20122012辽宁卷）辽宁卷）辽宁卷）辽宁卷）2)词汇同现法词汇同现法 词汇同现是指属于词汇同现是指属于同一词汇搭配范畴同一词汇搭配范畴或或者者某一领域的词汇某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到在文章中同时出现，达到语义衔接的目的语义衔接的目的。你可以。你可以在选项中找到与此在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。接关系越紧密。D.Talk yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.E.Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.G.The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.Parents should help their children understand money.71 .So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things,candy or toys,for example.词汇同现（同一词汇范畴词汇同现（同一词汇范畴）（课标全国卷）（课标全国卷）3）代词线索法）代词线索法 英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高，代英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是用来指代前面面提及的名词或句词的作用是用来指代前面面提及的名词或句子。子。D.Ah,it feels so good when the stress is gone.E.You need to figure out what the problem is.F.And dont forget about your friends.Try taking these four steps.the next time you are stressed:(1)Get support.When you need help,reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to“trusted adult,such as“parent or other relatives.72 They might have had similar problems,such as dealing with a test,or the death of a beloved pet.代词线索代词线索（全国课标卷）（全国课标卷）4）逻辑关系线索法）逻辑关系线索法并列与并列与递进递进关系关系：and,also,further,moreover,whats more,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,firstly,secondly,thirdly.等等;因果关系：因果关系：so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,as a result等；等；转转折与折与让让步关系步关系：however,nevertheless,though,yet,in spite of,on the contrary,otherwise,while,rather than,even if,despite,fortunately等。等。B.Do things together.C.Do not wait to be spoken to.D.Try not to find fault with your friends.The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves.75 Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.并列或递进关系并列或递进关系（辽宁卷）（辽宁卷）E.Making new friends comes easy for some people.F.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.G.So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.It is a good thing to stay in touch.However,try not to press your new friend with calls,messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.74 .The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.因果关系因果关系（2012辽宁卷）辽宁卷）D.So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.F.Luckily,research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.G.In other words,when you take care of your body,you take care of your brain.Everyone is forgetful,but as we age,we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing.71 Read on for some techniques worth trying.转折关系转折关系（2011辽宁卷）辽宁卷）Step3:解题步骤：解题步骤：l1.看看标题、副标题标题、副标题预测预测文章文章大意。大意。l2.看看选项选项，找出和文章相对应的，找出和文章相对应的关键词。关键词。l3.通通读读全文全文，查看，查看主题句主题句，分析，分析结构。结构。l4.看空前空后内容，分析之间的看空前空后内容，分析之间的逻辑性。逻辑性。l5.灵活掌握答题灵活掌握答题顺序顺序(先易后难先易后难)。l6.代入答案，重点代入答案，重点核查核查逻辑关系。逻辑关系。高考真题高考真题2016年高考英语课标卷年高考英语课标卷II七选五解析七选五解析 Everyone knows that fish is good for health._1_ But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year,but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying,storing,and cooking fish isnt difficult._2_This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way._3_Fresh fish should smell sweet:you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh._4_When you have bought a fish and arrive home,youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately,but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish._5_ First,clean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料).Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then,its ready to serve.ADo not buy it.BThe easiest is to steam it.CThis is how you can do it.DIt just requires a little knowledge.EThe fish will go bad within hours.FWhen buying fish，you should first smell it.GThe fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.本文是说明文，主要讲述了吃鱼对人的好处以及本文是说明文，主要讲述了吃鱼对人的好处以及挑选鱼和做鱼的方法。挑选鱼和做鱼的方法。G根据该空内容的前一句和后面的根据该空内容的前一句和后面的but 可知该空内可知该空内容应是吃鱼的好处，故判断容应是吃鱼的好处，故判断G选项符合语境。选项符合语境。D根据后面的解释内容可以判断此句起到根据后面的解释内容可以判断此句起到承上启下的作用，故判断承上启下的作用，故判断D选项符合语境。选项符合语境。F根据后面的解释内容可以判断此处应该填选鱼的根据后面的解释内容可以判断此处应该填选鱼的方法，故方法，故F选项符合语境。选项符合语境。B根据空前内容可知此处应填做鱼的方法，故根据空前内容可知此处应填做鱼的方法，故B选项符合语境。选项符合语境。A此句是对上文的一个总结，根据因果关系，故选此句是对上文的一个总结，根据因果关系，故选A选项。选项。Summary-七选五解题策略七选五解题策略篇章结构篇章结构段首段首段中段中段尾段尾细节（词）细节（词）词汇复现词汇复现词汇同现词汇同现代词线索代词线索逻辑关系逻辑关系总结总结速度全文，关注每段首尾句，了解速度全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意和主题大意和主题浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系，浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系，找出关键词找出关键词运用上下文所重复的词（同词、近运用上下文所重复的词（同词、近义词、反义词、同意范畴或领域、义词、反义词、同意范畴或领域、代词、冠词）推断代词、冠词）推断答答题题技技巧巧理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案策略只是技巧，策略只是技巧，理解才是关键理解才是关键Supposing you are the writher,try your best to complete the essay and solve the problem.词汇是基础词汇是基础Enlarge your vocabulary!Enjoy reading!The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.策略只是技巧，策略只是技巧，理解才是关键理解才是关键Supposing you are the writer,try your best to complete the essay and solve the problem.词汇是基础词汇是基础Enlarge your vocabulary!Enjoy reading!总结总结速度全文，关注每段首尾句，了解速度全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意和主题大意和主题浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系，浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系，找出关键词找出关键词运用上下文所重复的词（同词、近运用上下文所重复的词（同词、近义词、反义词、同意范畴或领域、义词、反义词、同意范畴或领域、代词、冠词）推断代词、冠词）推断答答题题技技巧巧理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案策略只是技巧，策略只是技巧，理解才是关键理解才是关键Supposing you are the writher,try your best to complete the essay and solve the problem.词汇是基础词汇是基础Enlarge your vocabulary!Enjoy reading!The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.策略只是技巧，策略只是技巧，理解才是关键理解才是关键Supposing you are the writher,try your best to complete the essay and solve the problem.词汇是基础词汇是基础Enlarge your vocabulary!Enjoy reading!The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.Homework1.Revise the content learnt today.2.Finish exercises on the paper.