大学英语四级写作专题名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

大学英语四级写作专题辅导大学英语四级写作专题辅导 第1页大学英语四级作文评分标准l一、评分标准一、评分标准1 CET检验考生是否到达大学英语教学纲领要求四级和六级教学要求，对作文评判应以此要求为准则。l2CET作文题采取总体评分(Global Scoring)方法。阅卷人员就总印象给出奖励分(Award Scores)，而不是按语言点错误数目扣分。l3从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。内容和语言是一个统一体。作文应表示题目所要求内容，而内容要经过语言来表示。要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表示思想，也要考虑是否用英语清楚而适当地表示思想，也就是要考虑语言上错误是否造成了解上障碍。第2页l4防止趋中倾向。该给高分给高分，包含满分；该给低分给低分，包含零分。一名阅卷人员在所评阅全部作文卷中不应只给中间几个分数。l 5.字数不足以应酌情扣分。l二、评分标准二、评分标准1本题满分为15分2阅卷标准共分五等：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷一份。3阅卷人员依据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数(如 8分)相同，即定为 该分数(即8分)；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数则可加一分(即9分)或减一分(即7分)。但不得加或减半分。第3页分数档4评分标准2分(33)条理不清，思绪紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子都有错误，且多数为严重错误。5分(39)基本切题。表示思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多严重语言错误。8分(45)基本切题。有些地方表示思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。11分(57)切题。表示思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少许语言错误。14分(67)切题。表示思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性很好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立词而无法表示思想，则给0分。第4页CET4写作评分标准高分作文基本要求：思想表示正确，语义连贯，无重 大语言错误高分要求：句型多样性经典词组短语利用亮点词汇第5页写作题型l议论文1.主题型（topic）健康对人类幸福必不可少；怎样保持健康；结论2.观点对比型（A&B）有些人认为，英语对中国经济发展很主要；另有些人认为，英语对中国经济发展没有意义；我观点l说明文很多人不重视日常卫生习惯；不注意卫生习惯后果；怎样处理这一问题第6页写作题型l描写文（图表作文）描写图表内容（现象）；分析现象原因；观点或处理方法l应用文（包含书信、便条、通知、海报等）主题；相关细节；重申主题第7页写作标准l内容简单化（“简单”是指适合在30分钟内表示）l结构模式化（主题句-分论点-总结）l语言要包装l错误要回避第8页写作技巧l宏观结构三段式开头要开门见山，写出主旨句；段落内部结构：主题句+扩展句（+结尾句）第9页l微观结构学会遣词造句词汇准确使用词汇，在此基础上尽可能使用高级词汇多使用词组、短语恰当利用过渡词汇防止屡次重复使用同一词汇，能够用同义词或同根词替换句型注意改变句式简单句复合句交叉使用适当使用插入语，倒装句等恰当使用修辞第10页提议l平时多注意搜集有用词汇句式l注意模仿第11页题目：BicyclesAn Important Means of Transport in China提要：（1）为何自行车在中国这么普及（2）和汽车比较（3）自行车在中国前途第12页模板提炼过程：思绪和表示Bicycles are very popular in China.Almost every family in the city has two or three bicycles.During the rush hour,you can see that thousands of people-man and woman,old and young-ride their bicycles to work and study.That is why China is called“the kingdom of bicycles”.第13页l单复数错误：man and woman men and womenl词性错误：old and young the old and the youngl专有名词：第一个和最终一个单词首字母大写，其它：实词（名动形副代数）首字母大写；虚词（介连冠）首字母不大写。第14页.12Direction:许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会但有些人提出取消春节晚会我看法 第15页l句式提炼：Bicycles are very popular in China.l词性转化：popular popularitylIn China,bicycles have gained wide/great popularity among Chinese people.第16页l-06l现在网上购物已经成为一个时尚lIn the recent decade,online shopping has gained wide popularity among youngsters.第17页l-06l如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视单词拼写lIn China,English learning has gained wide popularity among students.However,第18页l-12l建设绿色校园很主要lIn the contemporary society,the concept of green campuses has gained wide popularity among universities or colleges.第19页l-06l越来越多博物馆无偿对外开放目标是什么？lIn the present-day society,free admission to museums is enjoying wide popularity among Chinese citizens.第20页l-12l一次性塑料袋曾经广泛使用lDuring the past decades,disposable plastic bags gained wide popularity among people in the world.第21页l-06l娱乐活动各种多样lIn this day and age,a variety of recreational activities have gained wide popularity among individuals.第22页lBicycles are very popular in China.?第23页lIn my eyes,you are the most beautiful.lIn my eyes,no one is more beautiful than you.第24页l高分句式l结构：No _ is/are more _than_.lBicycles are very popular in China.lIn China,no means of transport is more popular and important than bicycles.第25页l我能想到最浪漫事就是和你一起慢慢变老。l？第26页l高分句式：双重否定l句型：否定词(no/not/never/nothing)+有否定意义或否定前缀或否定后缀名词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词等第27页lNothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.Ralph Waldo EmersonlNothing is impossible to a willing heart.HeywoodlNo man is useless in this world who lightens the burden of someone else.Charles DickenslThe word“impossible”is not in my dictionary.Bonaparte Napoleon第28页l.12lDirections:Youre allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying,Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world.Ive done it hundreds of time.”Youd write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Outlines:1.坚强意志是成功主要确保。2.意志坚定人才能完成伟大使命。3.学生也是这么，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才。第29页l意志坚定人才能完成伟大使命。lPeople cannot accomplish great missions without a strong will.lNo one can undertake a great mission without a strong will.lNo man is unlikely to have brilliant achievements with an iron will.lHe will not succeed who will not persevere.第30页l被动表示lNo great mission can be accomplished without a strong will.lNo success cannot be achieved with an iron will.第31页lNothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNo great work can be performed without will.We envy famous men and imagine that fame was due to some stroke of luck.But when we know their histories,we find that it is long years of will and constant effort that have brought about their success.Just as we cant reach the top of a mountain without climbing,we cant achieve success without will.The modern society provides people with more opportunities than before,and there are stories which tell us the possibility of becoming successful overnight.Actually that is not the case.Before these people become successful,a lot of hard work has been done,unnoticed mostly.What we usually see is the result,but what we ignore is a long process of struggling forward and wrestling with internal or external obstacles.Take quitting smoking for example,which is,to most people,a difficult task,so people always give up the idea for they dont have the strong will.In a nutshell,strong will is an important condition or role of the success the individual should desire to maintain forever.There is no instant success in this world.Strong will is the best policy to make your life distinct and your dreams come true.第32页l高分句式：排比句式lI came;I saw;I conquered.Julius CaesarlGovernment of the people,by the people and for the people,shall not perish from the earth.Abraham LincolnlStudies serve for delight,for ornament,and for ability.Francis Bacon lSome books are to be tasted,others to be swallowed,and some few to be chewed and digested.Francis Bacon第33页l排比句式lIt cannot be denied that technology does help us a lot.Internet provides us with easy access to various aspects of knowledge and information;mobile phones make it more convenient for us to communicate with one another;a growing number of man-made satellites have been launched to probe into the secrets of the universe.Without technology,the world would stop developing.That is why we should be proud of advanced science and technology in the contemporary age.第34页l排比句式lsome discard litters everywhere;some cheat in tests;some waste food on canteens;some throw offensive/insulting remarks at others;some are always late for classes;some guys even watch pornographic or violent films in dorms.第35页l.12lDirections:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Creating a Green Campus.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.建设绿色校园很主要 2.绿色校园不但指绿色环境.3.为了建设绿色校园，我们应该.第36页l1.建设绿色校园很主要lThe concept of“Green Life”has gained wide popularity among Chinese citizens.Almost every university has been aware of the importance of building a green campus.Without green environment it is impossible for college students to have an enjoyable/agreeable life in the Ivory Tower.Furthermore,a green campus is of benefit to broaden/consolidate students awareness of environmental protection.Creating a Green Campus第37页l2.绿色校园不但仅指绿色环境lIn addition to green environment,green campuses also refer to decent behaviors.However,taking a look around,we can find a good many examples of inappropriate ones:some discard litters everywhere;some cheat in tests;some waste food on canteens;some throw offensive/insulting remarks at others;some are always late for classes;some guys even watch pornographic or violent films in dorms.In fact,it has become a trend for many students to turn a blind eye to their own bad acts.第38页l3.为了建设绿色校园，我们应该lAccordingly,it is imperative/urgent for us to take measures to maintain green campuses.For one thing,it is essential that regulations should be worked out to ban these negative behaviors.For another,we should educate,advocate and encourage our classmates,friends and acquaintances to refuse all uncivilized acts.If we do our utmost to do so,the future of our college life will be hopeful,promising and rosy.第39页l友情提醒：高分句式灵活灵活利用lNowadays English learning is very popular in China.lIn recent decades,English learning has gained/is enjoying wide popularity among Chinese students.lNowadays English learning is more and more popular in China.lIn recent decades,English learning has gained/is enjoying growing popularity among Chinese students.lIn recent decades,English learning has found its growing popularity among Chinese students.第40页l首段首尾句句式选择（呼应式写法）l1)_has/have gained(is/are enjoying)wide popularity among_.l2)_has/have found its/their way among _.l3)It has become a prevalent trend for_ to_.It has become a prevalent trend that_.l4)There is a growing trend of_.There is a growing trend that_.l注：首句前加上适当时间状语第41页l-06l现在网上购物已经成为一个时尚lIn the contemporary society,online shopping has gained wide popularity throughout the world.For the sake of convenience,a growing number of people make purchases on a variety of shopping websites every day.It has become a prevalent trend for youngsters to shop online.第42页lIn the contemporary society,it has become a prevalent trend for youngsters to shop online.For the sake of convenience,a growing number of people make purchases on a variety of shopping websites every day.Online shopping has gained wide popularity throughout the world.第43页lIn the contemporary society,there is a growing tide of youngsters shopping online.For the sake of convenience,a growing number of people make purchases on a variety of shopping websites every day.Online shopping has gained wide popularity throughout the world.第44页l-12l建设绿色校园很主要lIn the present-day society,the concept of“Green Campus”is enjoying wide popularity among universities.Without green environment it is impossible for college students to have an enjoyable and agreeable life in the Ivory Tower.Thus it has become a prevalent trend for universities to create green campuses.第45页l-06l如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视单词拼写lIn recent decades,English learning has gained wide popularity among students.There is a growing trend/tide of learning English in China.However,第46页l题目：My View on Double BA Degreel提要：1.现在大学生读双学位现象很常见 2.对此，人们看法不一 3.我对这一现象看法练笔第47页lMy view on Double BA DegreelIn the contemporary society,the system of double bachelors degree has gained wide popularity among universities or colleges.On many campuses it has become a prevalent trend for students to have two majors at the same time.第48页lTo this phenomenon,different students take divergent attitudes.Some strongly approve of it in that a double bachelors degree can broaden their vision,thus putting them in a more favorable position in the job-seeking market.On the contrary,those who stand firmly opposed to it also have cogent reasons.For one thing,two majors make it difficult for them to focus on one particular field;for another,they can expand their scope of knowledge by reading extensively rather than pursuing a double bachelors degree.第49页lPersonally,I am slightly negative about double bachelors degree.In this day and age,the more skilled we are in one specific realm,the better we can meet the societys needs.Accordingly,it is advisable that we should make the most of our college life to acquire more specialized knowledge and skills to set the stage for our future.第50页l观点对比型模板提炼lTo this phenomenon/issue,different _ take divergent attitudes.Some strongly/firmly/constantly approve of/advocate it in that/as _.On the contrary/By contrast,those who are/keep/stand strongly/firmly/constantly opposed to it cogently/convincingly contend that _.第51页lTo this phenomenon/issue,different _ take divergent attitudes.Some who strongly/firmly/constantly approve of/advocate it are cogently convinced that_.On the contrary/By contrast,those who are/keep/stand strongly/firmly/constantly opposed to it contend that _.第52页lTo this phenomenon/issue,different _ take divergent attitudes.Some strongly/firmly/constantly approve of/advocate it.They hold the view that_.Moreover/Furthermore,_.In addition,_.On the contrary/By contrast,those who are/keep/stand strongly/firmly/constantly opposed to it also have cogent/sound reasons.For one thing,_;for another,_.第53页l(时间状语),_has/have gained(is/are enjoying)wide popularity among_.It has become a prevalent trend for_ to_.Some_ strongly/firmly/constantly approve of/advocate _ in that/as _.(Some_ strongly/firmly/constantly approve of/advocate _.For one thing,_;for another,_.)lOn the contrary/By contrast,those who are/keep/stand strongly/firmly/constantly opposed to it also have cogent/sound reasons.According to their point of view,_.Moreover/Furthermore,_.In addition,_.第54页五彩斑斓英语句子l什么样句子愈加吸引阅卷老师？l优美句子艺术张力何在？l优美句子怎样形成？复杂多样 变幻莫测第55页l怎样防止句式单调?l被动式lIt形式主语/宾语l分词作状语lThere belWith复合结构l非限制性定语从句l倒装l主语从句l名词化第56页l被动式l人们普遍认为理论与实践是不可分。It is widely accepted that theory is inseparable from practice.l学生应该适当重视单词拼写。Due importance should be attached to spelling.l事情应该按照轻重缓急来处理。Priority should be given to the urgency of matters.l只有拥有远大理想与辛勤努力才能取得成功。No success can be achieved without aspiration and perspiration.第57页lIt形式主语/宾语l不用说 It goes without saying thatl值得做某事 It pays to do sth.l不可否定 It cannot be denied that It is undeniable thatl人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed that It is generally considered that It is widely accepted that It is universally acknowledged that第58页l(5)很主要 It is exceedingly/extremely important/significant/essential/crucial/vital/necessary(for sb.)to do It is exceedingly/extremely important/significant/essential/crucial/vital/necessary that+主语+(should)do/be donel(6)很流行/普遍 It has become a prevalent trend/tide(for sb.)to do第59页lmake it+adj.+(for sb.)to do第60页l英语习语就其形式可归纳为八种类型：l1.短语动词（Phrasal Verbs）习语（Idiomatic Expression）第61页