虚拟语气讲课稿.ppt

虚拟语气一一.以以if 引导的非真实条件句引导的非真实条件句二二表表建议建议，命令命令，要求要求的各类名词性从句中的各类名词性从句中 从句用从句用(should)+动词原形动词原形三三wish 希望希望 would rather 宁愿宁愿 if only “要是要是 该有多好该有多好”四四as if/though五五It is(high)time(that)sb did sth It is(high)time(that)sb should do sth虚拟语气虚拟语气例句例句1.If you had come a few minutes earlier,you would have met him.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过与过去事实相反去事实相反)2.If you should return from abroad tomorrow,I would come to see you.如果明天你从国外回来，我来看你。如果明天你从国外回来，我来看你。(与将来事实与将来事实可能相反可能相反)3.If I were you,I would go at once.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你事实上我不可能是你)虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 在在if 条件从句中条件从句中虚拟语气虚拟语气在条件从句中(叫虚拟条件句)，表示与事实相反的条件。分三种情况(以 do 为例)：虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 在在if条件从句中条件从句中表示与事实情况相反表示与事实情况相反条件从句的谓语形式条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式表示现在情况表示现在情况过去式过去式(did)(be常用常用 were)Would/could/might/should(用于第用于第1人称人称)+动动词原形词原形(do)表示过去情况表示过去情况过去完成式过去完成式(had+done)上面上面4个情态动词个情态动词+have done表示将来情况表示将来情况过去式过去式(did)should+do were to do4个情态动词个情态动词+do虚拟语气虚拟语气二、错综时间的条件句二、错综时间的条件句 即从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时，需要按时间来确定虚拟形式。如：If they had studied hard,they could do it easily now.1.如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 在在if 条件从句中条件从句中虚拟语气虚拟语气三三.含蓄的虚拟语气含蓄的虚拟语气.一些介词短语一些介词短语,如如:but for(要不是要不是),without,otherwise(否则否则),in that case(如果是那样的话如果是那样的话),表示含蓄的条件表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气这时主句要用虚拟语气 Without your help,we would not have made such rapid progress.要不是有你的帮助要不是有你的帮助,我当时就失败了我当时就失败了.But for your help,I would have failed at that time.虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 在在if 条件从句中条件从句中虚拟语气虚拟语气注意注意:省略省略 if 的条件从句的条件从句If I were to meet him tomorrow,I should ask him about it.Were I to meet him tomorrow,If he should fail in the experiment this time,he would try again.Should he fail in the experiment 当从句中有 were,had 或 should 时，可省略if，而把它们放在句首。Were it to rain tomorrow Should it rain tomorrowHad I been more careful 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 在在if 条件从句中条件从句中虚拟语气虚拟语气1、记住：表示建议(suggest,advise,propose,recommend)，命令(order,command)要求(demand,request,require)主张（insist）从句的谓语动词用should+do 构成,should 可以省略。虚拟语气在：虚拟语气在：各类名词性从句中各类名词性从句中 1.The doctor suggested that 2.It is suggested that 3.My suggestion is that 4.My suggestion that was accepted.从句的谓语从句的谓语动词用动词用should+do 构成构成,should 可以省略。可以省略。虚拟语气虚拟语气例句 1.我们有必要出去散散步。2.她这样做是很自然的。重要的是我们要照顾好病人。Its necessary that we should have a walk now.Its natural that she should do so.Its important that we should take good care of the patient.在句型“It is important(necessary,strange,natural)that.”中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should+动词原形 虚拟语气在：虚拟语气在：各类名词性从句中各类名词性从句中 虚拟语气虚拟语气记住：记住：insist/suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气各有两种意思，要用不同的语气Insist 表示表示“坚决要求坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即时，用虚拟形式，即 should+do;Insist 表示表示“坚持认为，坚持说坚持认为，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事时，用陈述语气，表示事实。实。suggest 表示表示“建议建议”时，用虚拟形式。时，用虚拟形式。suggest 表示表示“表明、暗示表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。时，用陈述语气。例句例句1)老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。2）他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。）他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。3）他坚持认为自己是对的。）他坚持认为自己是对的。The teacher suggested that we(should)clean the blackboard after class.He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.He insisted that he was right.His parents insisted that his son was ill and that he should be sent to the hospital.Wish、if only接宾语从句有三种情况：接宾语从句有三种情况：1)现在：用过去式现在：用过去式 2)过去：用过去完成式过去：用过去完成式(had done)3)将来：用情态动词将来：用情态动词(would/could)+dowould rather 1)现在和将来：用过去式现在和将来：用过去式 2)过去：用过去完成式过去：用过去完成式(had done)Wish 我多么希望我是一只小鸟.我多么希望我当时没有告诉你。I wish I were a bird.I wish I had not told you about it.1)现在：用过去式现在：用过去式 2)过去：用过去完成式过去：用过去完成式(had done)3)将来：用情态动词将来：用情态动词(would/could)+doI wish he would come to my party tomorrow.If only 1.if only 意为：若是.那该多好啊;真希望.;只要,只要.就好If only I had arrived in time!If only she hadnt broken the vase.1)现在：用过去式现在：用过去式 2)过去：用过去完成式过去：用过去完成式(had done)3)将来：用情态动词将来：用情态动词(would/could)+doIf only my mother were here.虚拟语气虚拟语气在在would(had)rather(宁愿宁愿)引导的宾语从引导的宾语从句中句中 当从句表示现在或将来的时间时当从句表示现在或将来的时间时,谓语动词要谓语动词要用一般过去时用一般过去时;表示过去时间时表示过去时间时,谓语动词谓语动词要用过去完成时。要用过去完成时。1.I would rather he came tomorrow.2.Iwould rather you stayed here。2.I would rather I had not witnessed the accident.虚拟语气虚拟语气1.Its(high/right)time thatIts time that you left/should leave here.虚拟语气中的几个特例虚拟语气中的几个特例that 从句要用虚拟语气：谓语用过去时或should+do虚拟语气虚拟语气he looked as if he hadnt slept for two days.She looked after the boy as if he were her own son.她照顾这男孩就像自己的儿子一样。虚拟语气在虚拟语气在 在在 as if 从句中从句中在as if 从句中，常用虚拟形式，即即从句动作和主句动作从句动作和主句动作同时发生，用过去式同时发生，用过去式；与与从句动作和主句动作不从句动作和主句动作不同时发生，用过去完成式同时发生，用过去完成式(had done).As if As thoughHe is looking at me as if I were a stranger.He acted as if nothing had happened.He talks as if he had been (be)to Beijing.虚拟语气虚拟语气1、表示说话人的要求、建议、命令时，常用(should)do表示虚拟形式,主要用于名词性从句中。2、其它情况常用两种形式：表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；表示与过去事实相反用过去完成式。简单的归纳简单的归纳 How often one hears children wishing they_(be)grow-ups.Each age has its pleasures and pains,and the happiest people are those who enjoy_ each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.Childhood is a time_ there are few responsibilities.If a child has good parents,he is fed and loved.Its impossible that he will ever again in his life_(give)so much without having to do anything in return.Besides,life is always giving new things to the child things _ have lost their interest for older people.However,a child may also have his pains;he is not so free to doeverything.He is _(repeat)being told not to do something,or he _(punish)for what he has done wrong.When a young man starts to earn his own living,he can no longer expect others to pay for his food,clothes,etc.but has to work if he wants to live comfortably.If he spends most his time playing as he used to in childhood,he_(go)hungry.If,_,he works hard,keeps out of trouble,and has good health,he can have the great_(happy)of building up his own position in society.werewhatbe givenwill go howeverhappinesswill be punishedwhenthatrepeatedly此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢