2022年小升初英语必背知识点归纳.docx

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2022年小升初英语必背学问点归纳
小升初考试让每位步入小六的同学和家长都受尽煎熬。这是孩子们人生中第一次真正意义上的考试，因此六班级这一年的备考尤为重要。以下是我为大家预备的小升初英语必背学问点归纳，期望对大家有所关怀。

小升初英语必背学问点归纳
一、同学易错词汇：
1.a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a.
2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.
3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I , you 用 have .
4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.
5. some, any 的选择:确定句用some, 疑问句和否认句用any.
6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)
which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)
二、形容词比较级详解：
当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子构造通常是：
什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如：
Im taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)
形容词的比较级是在形容词的根底上转变而来的，它的转变规章是：
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine finer ,
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier
④ 双写最终的字母再加er，如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter
☆留意 比较的两者应当是相互对应的可比较的东西。
典型错误：My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。)
比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人)，那么比较的对象就没有可比性。
应当改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.
比较级专项练习:
1、从方框中选出适宜的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big
(1) How is the Yellow River?
(2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm.
(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.
(4)How is the fish? Its 2kg.
2、依据句意写出所缺的单词
(1) Im 12 years old. Youre 14. Im than you.
(2) A rabbits tail is than a monkeys tail.
(3) An elephant is than a pig.
(4) A lake is than a sea.
(5) A basketball is than a football.
3、依据中文完成句子
(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. Im than my brother.
(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one.
(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.
(4) 谁比你重? than you?
4、依据答句写出问句
(1) Im 160 cm.
(2) Im 12 years old.
(4) Amys hair is 30 cm long.、从方框中选出适宜的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big
(1) How is the Yellow River?
(2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm.
(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.
(4)How is the fish? Its 2kg.
2、依据句意写出所缺的单词
(1) Im 12 years old. Youre 14. Im than you.
(2) A rabbits tail is than a monkeys tail.
(3) An elephant is than a pig.
(4) A lake is than a sea.
(5) A basketball is than a football.
3、依据中文完成句子
(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. Im than my brother.
(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one.
(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.
(4) 谁比你重? than you?
4、依据答句写出问句
(1) Im 160 cm.
(2) Im 12 years old.
(4) Amys hair is 30 cm long.
三、动词过去式详解
动词的过去式的构成规章有：
A规章动词
① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如　worked , learned , cleaned , visited
②　以e结尾的动词直接加d：如　lived , danced , used
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如　study studied carry carried worry worried (留意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
④ 双写最终一个字母(此类动词较少)如　stopped
B不规章动词
(此类词并无规章，须熟记)学校阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：
sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was , are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt
四、动词如今分词详解
动词的ing形式的构成规章：
① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing　，如having , writing
③ 双写最终一个字母的(此类动词极少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting
五、人称和数：
人称代词 物主代词
主格 宾格
第一
人称 单数 I(我) me my(我的)
复数 we(我们) us our(我们的)
其次
人称 单数 you(你) you your(你的)
复数 you(你们) you your(你们的)
第三
人称 单数 he(他) him his(他的)
she(她) her her(她的)
it(它) it its(它的)
复数 they(他们/她们/它们) them their(他们的/她们的/它们的)
六、句型专项归类：
1、 确定句：是指用确定的语气来陈述的句子，如：
Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否认句：含有否认词或表示否认意义词的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.
He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆小结：否认句主要是在确定句的根底上加上了否认词 “not〞。有动词be的句子那么“not〞加在be后面，可缩写成“isnt，arent〞，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子那么要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do，does，did)，然后在它后面加上“not〞，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt )。这三个助动词要依据人称和时态来选择，其中“does〞只用于一般如今时主语是第三人称单数的状况，而“did〞只用于一般过去时，不管主语是什么人称和数，都用“did〞 。
3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必需用“yes〞，或“no〞来答复。
如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.
Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.
Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).
Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.
☆小结：一般疑问句是在确定句的根底上
①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词be的句子那么要在句首加上一个助动词(do，does，did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
这三个助动词也要依据人称和时态来选择，其中“does〞只用于一般如今时主语是第三人称单数的状况，而“did〞只用于一般过去时，不管主语是什么人称和数，都用“did〞 。一般疑问句有个重要的原那么就是问和答要全都，即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简洁答句里的这个词是全都的。

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