2022年江苏省扬州市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

扬州市2022年初中毕业、升学统一考试英语试题
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1. China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since ________ late 1970s, according to ________ World Bank.
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：据世界银行称，自20世纪70年代后期以来，中国已帮助消除了全球70%的贫困人口。
考查冠词。空格一处表示年代，用“the+年份复数”，表示“在几世纪几十年代”，排除AC；World Bank“世界银行”是专用名词，前加定冠词the。故选B。
2. Place names often have interesting connections ________ the local landscape and people.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：地名通常与当地景观和人有着有趣的联系。
考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上；at在；to到。根据“Place names often have interesting connections...the local landscape and people”可知地名和当地景观和人有联系，have connections to...“和……有联系”。故选D。
3. ________ astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe.
A. Though B. Till C. When D. Unless
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服来保护自己的安全。
考查连词辨析。Though虽然；Till直到；When当……时候；Unless除非。根据“astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe”可知当宇航员太空行走时，他们会穿宇航服，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。
4. Xia Sen ________ a simple life and saves her money for donations.
A. lives B. lived C. was living D. will live
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：夏森过着简朴的生活，攒钱捐款。
考查动词时态。根据“and saves her money for donations”可知句子描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三。故选A。
5. —Tell me, Grandma. ________ is your favourite person in the whole wide world?
—That’s easy! It’s you!
A. What B. Who C. How D. Whom
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——爷爷，告诉我，全世界你最喜欢的人是谁？——这很简单。是你！
考查特殊疑问词。What什么；Who谁；How怎样；Whom谁。根据“It’s you”可知上文询问人，且疑问词在句中作主语，用疑问代词who。故选B。
6. We youths do our best for our dreams and together a small success can give us a sense of ________.
A. achievement B. department C. treatment D. entertainment
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们年轻人尽我们最大的努力实现我们的梦想，共同取得一个小小的胜利就会给我们一种成就感。
考查名词。achievement成就；department部门；treatment治疗；entertainment娱乐。根据“a small success can give us a sense of”可知，表达成就感，用名词“achievement”。故选A。
7. Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you ________ hear a thing.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：保护你的听力。不要等到你什么也听不见。
考查情态动词。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据“Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you...hear a thing”可知此处表示“现在就开始保护听力，等不能听到声音再保护就晚了”，使用can’t。故选D。
8. In such cheerful conversation, the time ________ all too quickly.
A. went up B. went down C. went by D. went back
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在这么欢快的对话中，时间流逝地很快。
考查动词短语。went up上升；went down沉下；went by流逝；went back追溯。根据“the time”及“too quickly”可知，表达时间流逝地快。用短语“went by”。故选C。
9. It’s ________ of the boy to leave the tap running.
A. endless B. homeless C. meaningless D. careless
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：这个男孩离开时忘记关水龙头很粗心大意。
考查形容词辨析。endless无止境的；homeless无家可归的；meaningless无意义的，无价值的；careless粗心大意的。根据“to leave the tap running”，可知表达这个男孩走的时候没关水龙头很粗心。故选D。
10. —May I speak to Wang Li?
—Sorry, she is not at home. She ________ since last month.
A. left B. has left C. has been away D. went away
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我可以和王丽说话吗？——对不起，她不在家。从上个月开始，她就离开了。
考查时态。根据“since last month”可知句子应使用现在完成时have/has done，排除AD；且此处应用延续性动词，而left“离开”是非延续动词，排除B。故选C。
11. ________ the people locked inside, the firemen broke down the door.
A. Reach B. To reach C. Reaching D. To reaching
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“the people locked inside”的目的是“the firemen broke down the door”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。
12. People in cold areas ________ warm colours to calm colours in their homes.
A. protect B. prefer C. pronounce D. practise
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：寒冷地区的人们更喜欢家中是暖色系，而不是冷色系。
考查动词辨析。protect保护；prefer更喜欢；pronounce发音；practise练习。根据“People in cold areas...warm colours to calm colours”以及常识可知寒冷地区的人更喜欢暖色系，prefer...to“与……相比，更喜欢……”。故选B。
13. —I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests.
A. organizes B. organized C. was organized D. will be organized
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的。我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“last Sunday”可知是过去的事，是一般过去时。主语“it”指的是“a forest clean-up activity”，和动词之间是被动关系，表达“被组织”用一般过去时的被动结构“was organized”。故选C。
14. —Excuse me, could you tell me ________?
—You can take No. 6 bus there. It’s about 15 minutes’ ride.
A. how far is the Slender West Lake B. how far the Slender West Lake is
C. how can I get to the Slender West Lake D. how I can get to the Slender West Lake
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去瘦西湖吗？——你可以在那里乘坐6路公交车。大约15分钟的车程。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“You can take No. 6 bus there”可知上句询问应如何去某地，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。
15. —My pet dog died yesterday. I’m in a bad mood.
—________. I know how it feels.
A. Sorry to hear that B. That’s not the case C. Never mind D. It’s a pleasure
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我的宠物狗昨天死了。我的心情不好。——很抱歉听到这个消息。我知道那是什么感觉。
考查情景交际。Sorry to hear that很抱歉听到这个消息；That’s not the case事实并非如此；Never mind没关系；It’s a pleasure别客气。根据“My pet dog died yesterday. I’m in a bad mood”可知此处应对别人的不幸遭遇表示同情，选项A符合语境。故选A。
二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Late one night, Gulliver received a warning that some nobles wanted him killed. Even the emperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to save ___16___. It was true Gulliver was very expensive.
Quickly, he wrote a letter to the emperor, “I’m ___17___ to visit Blefuscu, as I promised.”
Then he hurried down to the sea ___18___ Lilliput and Blefuscu.
The king of Blefuscu himself came out to meet him.
“Welcome!” cried the king. “Stay as ___19___ as you like.”
Walking on the beach a week later, Gulliver saw out at sea a small boat—but a full-sized one. It was ___20___ upside down in the water.
Gulliver rushed to the king. He begged, “Can you help me rescue the boat? This could be my chance to go home.”
“Of course,” said the king. “Take some ships to help you.”
Gulliver swam out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the ___21___.
With the ships pulling and Gulliver ___22___, the boat was brought safely to shore.
Gulliver and the king’s men set about fixing the boat for his long journey home. Soon, the boat was finished.
“I’d like to leave now,” Gulliver told the king. “But no one at home will ___23___ my story. Could I take some of your people with me?”
“I can’t possibly ___24___ that,” said the king. “But you may take some ____25____ and a sheep.”
He also gave Gulliver fifty bags of gold coins. “I don’t want you to go,” he said. “But I understand ____26____ you have to.”
“Thank you,” said Gulliver. “I’ll never ____27____ you all.”
After only a few days at sea in his boat, Gulliver saw a ship. He shouted and waved wildly.
He was ____28____! One sailor found him. The ship sailed over and ____29____ Gulliver. “Where have you come from?” asked the captain. “A place called Lilliput.” said Gulliver and he showed the captain the ____30____ from the emperor.
The captain was so surprised. For a few gold coins and a couple of cows, he agreed to take Gulliver all the way home.
—Adapted from Gulliver’s Travels
16. A. life B. time C. money D. energy
17. A. against B. beyond C. off D. through
18. A. between B. among C. upon D. during
19. A. long B. far C. often D. soon
20. A. taking B. falling C. swimming D. floating
21. A. boats B. ships C. men D. sails
22. A. filling B. shaking C. pushing D. carrying
23. A. make B. expect C. suppose D. believe
24. A. require B. refuse C. avoid D. allow
25. A. food B. people C. coins D. cows
26. A. when B. how C. why D. whether
27. A. forget B. regret C. force D. obey
28. A. in danger B. in luck C. in fear D. in peace
29. A. picked up B. gave up C. set up D. dressed up
30. A. awards B. presents C. victims D. rewards
【答案】16. C 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文节选自《格列佛游记》，主要讲述了格列佛在国王的帮助下修好了船只，带着国王的礼物回到了自己的国家。
【16题详解】
句意：就连小人国的皇帝也想少给他食物以省钱。
life生活；time时间；money钱；energy能量。根据“Even the emperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to save...It was true Gulliver was very expensive”可知皇帝是为了省钱才给他少量的食物。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：我要离开去不来夫斯库。
against反对；beyond超过；off离开；through通过。根据“...to visit Blefuscu...”可知他要离开小人国去不来夫斯库。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：然后他急忙下到小人国和不来夫斯库之间的海里。
between在两者之间；among在……之间；upon在上面；during在……期间。根据“Lilliput and Blefuscu”可知海在两国之间，用between。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：你喜欢待多久就待多久。
long长的；far远的；often经常；soon很快。根据“Stay as...as you like”可知此处指待多长时间，as long as you like“想待多久待多久”。故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：它上下颠倒地漂浮在水里。
taking带走；falling掉落；swimming游泳；floating漂浮。根据“unside down in the water”可知船漂浮在海里。故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：格列佛游到船上，拿着每艘船上的绳索。
boats小船；ships船；men男人；sails航行。根据“With the ships pulling”可知此处指船上的绳子。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：随着船只的拉动和格列佛的推动，船被安全地带到了岸边。
filling充满；shaking摇晃；pushing推；carrying携带。根据“With the ships pulling and Gulliver”可知船拉，格列佛推。故选C。
【23题详解】
句意：但是没有人会相信我的故事。
make制作；expect期待；suppose推断；believe相信。根据“Could I take some of your people with me”可知他要带一些人走，因为他家乡的人不会相信他的故事。故选D。
【24题详解】
句意：我可能不会允许。
require需要；refuse拒绝；avoid避免；allow允许。根据“But you may take some...and a sheep”可知国王不允许他带人走，让他带一些牛和羊。故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：但是你可以带走一些牛和一只羊。
food食物；people人；coins硬币；cows牛。根据“For a few gold coins and a couple of cows”可知国王给了他一些牛。故选D。
26题详解】
句意：但是我理解你为什么不得不走。
when什么时候；how如何；why为什么；whether是否。根据“But I understand...you have to”可知国王理解他为什么一定要走。故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：我永远不会忘记你们所有人。
forget忘记；regret后悔；force迫使；obey遵守。根据“I’ll never...you all”可知是不会忘记他们。故选A。
【28题详解】
句意：他很幸运。
in danger处于危险中；in luck幸运；in fear害怕；in peace和平地。根据“One sailor found him”可知他很幸运，有人发现了他。故选B。
【29题详解】
句意：船驶过，接走了格列佛。
picked up捡起，接载；gave up放弃；set up建立；dressed up装扮。根据“The ship sailed over and...Gulliver.”可知是这个船接载了他。故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：他向船长展示了皇帝的礼物。
awards奖；presents礼物；victims受害者；rewards报酬。根据“For a few gold coins and a couple of cows”可知这些是皇帝送给他的礼物。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Wetlands are any land that is flooded with shallow water all or most of the time. They are a natural water holding system.
There are many types of wetlands. Among them, bogs, marshes and swamps are the three main types. The different types of wetlands have different kinds of plants. Only mosses(苔藓)and a few other kinds of plants can grow in bogs. Grassy plants like cattails（香蒲）and reeds(芦苇)are the most common plants in a marsh. A swamp is a forest whose ground is underwater all or most of the time. Unlike bogs or marshes, a swamp is full of trees and bushes. It’s not a good idea to go exploring a swamp without a guide. There are hidden pools of water, thick mud, and sometimes big crocodiles(鳄鱼)looking for their next meal.
Hungry crocodiles aren’t the only animals that make the wetlands their home. Otters, turtles, frogs, snakes and many other animals do too. The water is home to many kinds of fish and crabs. Birds, including ducks, geese and cranes, use wetlands seasonally during their long migrations.
Wetlands are important because they provide habitats for plants and animals. A wetland system can also protect shorelines, make polluted waters clean, prevent floods, and restore underground water supplies.
According to WWF, more than half of the world’s wetlands have disappeared since the beginning of the 20th century. If this continues, countless plant and animal species will surely die out. Without wetlands, cities have to spend more money treating water. Don’t feel helpless. Try to do your part to protect them right now. Here are some ideas.
31. According to Paragraph 2, what can you see in a swamp?
A. Mosses. B. Cattails. C. Reeds. D. Trees.
32. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Wetlands are a man-made water holding system.
B. There are three types of wetlands in the world.
C. People can not meet with big crocodiles in wetlands.
D. Wetlands can protect shorelines and prevent floods.
33. What is the writer probably going to talk about after Paragraph 5?
A. What are the different types of wetlands?
B. What will happen if wetlands disappear?
C. What actions can people take to protect wetlands?
D. What other kinds of plants and animals live in wetlands?
【答案】31. D 32. D 33. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同的湿地，不同的湿地有不同的植物和动物，而且湿地很重要，所以我们要采取行动保护湿地。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ a swamp is full of trees and bushes”可知在沼泽地里有树木和灌木。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ wetland system can also protect shorelines, make polluted waters clean, prevent floods”可知湿地系统还可以保护海岸线、防止洪水。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Try to do your part to protect them right now. Here are some ideas”可知接下来会介绍应如何保护湿地。故选C。
B
Every month, Julia and her cousins would go for the big family meal at their grandparents’ house. On each visit, their grandpa would give them a few coins. Then all the children would run off to buy sweets. One day, he gathered the children together. He said, “Let’s have a competition to see who can manage money wisely. At the end of this year, tell me how you’ve used your money.”
Ruben and Nico, the two smallest kids, continued spending their money all on sweets. Every time, they would show off their sweets in front of the other children. This made Clara and Joe so angry that these two could no longer keep saving their money. They soon joined Ruben and Nico.
Monty was a clever boy. He decided to manage his money by buying and selling things. Soon he made a lot of money with little effort. The way he was going, he would end up almost a rich man. However, he began to spend his money on more and more expensive things for himself. A few months later, he hadn’t a single penny（便士）left.
Alex saved and saved all the coins he was given, and at the end of the year he had collected more money than anyone. He was the clear winner.
There was also Julia. Poor Julia hadn’t a penny on the day of the competition. She had spent all her coins on her secret plan. Julia knew a poor violinist who played in the park, and she offered him all the coins for his violin lessons. Although it wasn’t much money, on seeing Julia’s excitement, the violinist agreed. A little after a year the violinist loaned her a violin so they two could play together in the park. They were so successful that she managed to buy her own violin. Even better, she later became a very famous violinist.
34. Why did the children’s grandpa suggest the competition to them?
A. To encourage them to win competitions. B. To teach them how to manage their money.
C. To tell them money was important to them. D. To know who was the cleverest child in the family.
35. The underlined words “these two” in Paragraph 2 refer to（指的是）________.
A. Clara and Joe B. Ruben and Nico C. Monty and Alex D. Alex and Julia
36 What can we learn from Julia’s story?
A. Get rich slow, or get poor fast.
B. Little effort always brings much money.
C. A little money well spent can help realize your dreams.
D. It is not wise of you to spend all the money you've got.
37 What is the best title for the passage?
A. Grandpa’s coins B. Julia’s cousins
C. A saving competition D. A happy family
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. C 37. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Julia的爷爷为了教导孩子如何理财，进行了一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱。通过这个比赛，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获和惊喜，甚至可以实现自己的梦想。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Let’s have a competition to see who can