浙江省宁波市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

宁波市 2021年初中学业水平考试
英 语 试 题
考生须知：
1. 全卷分试题卷I、试题卷II和答题卷。试题卷共 8页, 有6个大题, 61 个小题, 满分为 95分。考试时长为90分钟。
2. 请将姓名、准考证号分别填写在试题卷和答题卷的规定位置上。
3. 答题时, 把试题卷I的答案在答题卷I上对应的选项位置用 2B 铅笔涂黑、涂满。将试题卷II答案用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔书写, 答案必须按照题号顺序在答题卷II各题目规定区域内作答, 做在试题卷上或超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
试 题 卷I
一、完形填空（本题有15 小题, 每小题1分, 共计 15 分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握大意, 然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Larry seemed always silent and didn’t have any friend. His teacher Mr. Brown ___1___ this. One day, he asked Larry to meet him after class. Mr. Brown said, “I see that you don’t talk to anyone or show any ___2___ in anything. What’s wrong?” Larry replied, “Sir, I have a very ___3___ life. I have to face some very sad incidents and I keep ___4___ them. Because of this, I can’t focus my attention on anything and don’t even feel like talking to ___5___.”
Mr. Brown listened carefully, thought for a while and said, “Would you like some lemonade（柠檬汽水）?” Larry felt a little ___6___ and nervously replied, “Yes, thank you!”
While ___7___ lemonade, Mr. Brown added more salt on purpose and kept the quantity of sugar low. Larry made a ___8___ face as soon as he drank a sip of that lemonade. Seeing this, Mr. Brown asked “You don’t like it?”
“Um…it’s just there is a bit too much ___9___ in it,” Larry answered.
Mr. Brown stopped him, “Oh, it doesn’t matter. I will throw it away.” As the teacher was lifting the glass to ___10___, Larry stopped him and said, “Sir, please don’t throw it away. ___11___ we put a little more sugar in the lemonade, it will be fine to drink.”
Hearing this, Mr. Brown said___12___, “This is what I want to hear from you. To improve the ___13___ of lemonade, we don’t need to remove the salt from it, we can just add some sugar to it. Similarly, we cannot remove sad things that have ___14___ happened to us, but we can add sweetness of good experiences in our life. If you keep on crying about your ___15___, neither your present will be right nor the future will be bright.”
Larry realized his problem and promised to live a positive life.
1. A. enjoyed B. noticed C. believed D. forgot
2. A. fear B. anger C. interest D. politeness
3. A. simple B. difficult C. quiet D. common
4. A. looking for B. learning from C. laughing at D. thinking about
5. A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody
6. A. surprised B. tired C. bored D. shamed
7. A. buying B. cooking C. preparing D. drinking
8. A. serious B. friendly C. patient D. strange
9. A. sugar B. water C. salt D. lemonade
10. A. keep it away B. take it away C. drink it up D. use it up
11. A. If B. Since C. Although D. Unless
12. A. bravely B. coldly C. happily D. angrily
13. A. taste B. color C. shape D. smell
14. A. never B. already C. nearly D. seldom
15. A. style B. habit C. decision D. past
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文通过布朗先生给Larry盐水的故事，告诉我们：虽然不能去除已经发生在我们身上的悲伤的事情，但我们可以在我们的生活中增加美好经历的甜蜜。
1题详解】
句意：他的老师布朗先生注意到了这一点。
enjoyed欣赏；noticed注意；believed相信；forgot忘记。根据“Larry seemed always silent and didn’t have any friend.”可知，Larry总是沉默寡言，没有一个朋友，这是老师注意到的事情，故选B。
【2题详解】
句意：我看到你不和任何人说话，对任何事都不感兴趣。
fear害怕；anger生气；interest兴趣；politeness礼貌。根据“I see that you don’t talk to anyone”可知，Larry不和任何人说话，对什么都没兴趣，show interest in，固定短语，故选C。
【3题详解】
句意：先生，我的生活很艰难。
simple简单的；difficult困难的；quiet安静的；common共同的。根据“I have to face some very sad incidents”可知，生活艰难，故选B。
【4题详解】
句意：我不得不面对一些非常悲伤的事件，我一直在想它们。
looking for寻找；learning from向……学习；laughing at嘲笑；thinking about考虑。根据“I have to face some very sad incidents and I keep…them.”可知，忍不住一直想悲伤的事情，故选D。
【5题详解】
句意：因此，我不能集中我的注意力在任何事情上，甚至不想和任何人说话。
anybody任何人；somebody某人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据前文“I see that you don’t talk to anyone”可知，不跟任何人讲话，故选A。
【6题详解】
句意：Larry有点吃惊地回答说：“是的，谢谢！”
surprised惊讶的；tired劳累的；bored无聊的；shamed羞愧的。前文Larry正在抱怨自己的生活艰难，但是老师突然问他要不要喝柠檬水，所以他很惊讶，故选A。
【7题详解】
句意：在准备柠檬水时，布朗先生故意加了更多的盐，并保持低糖的量。
buying买；cooking做饭；preparing准备；drinking喝。根据“Would you like some lemonade（柠檬汽水）?”可知，布朗先生去准备柠檬水，故选C。
【8题详解】
句意：Larry喝了一口柠檬水，就做了一个奇怪的表情。
serious严肃的；friendly友好的；patient耐心的；strange奇怪的。根据“Mr. Brown added more salt on purpose and kept the quantity of sugar low. ”可知，多盐少糖，所以味道很奇怪，故选D。
【9题详解】
句意：Larry回答说：“太咸了。”
sugar糖；water水；salt盐；lemonade柠檬水。根据“Mr. Brown added more salt on purpose and kept the quantity of sugar low. ”可知，多盐，所以很咸，故选C。
【10题详解】
句意：当老师举起杯子要把它拿走时，Larry拦住他说：“老师，请不要扔掉它。”
keep it away保持距离；take it away拿走；drink it up喝光；use it up用光。根据“I will throw it away.”可知，布朗先生要把它扔掉，故选B。
【11题详解】
句意：如果我们在柠檬水里多放一点糖，就可以喝了。
If如果；Since因为；Although虽然；Unless除非。“we put a little more sugar in the lemonade”是“it will be fine to drink”的条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：听到这些，布朗先生高兴地说：“这就是我想听你说的话。
bravely勇敢地；coldly冷漠地；happily开心地；angrily生气地。根据“This is what I want to hear from you.”可知，布朗先生得到了想要的回答，所以很开心，故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：为了改善柠檬水的味道，我们不需要去掉盐，我们可以加一些糖进去。
taste味道；color颜色；shape形状；smell气味。根据“we don’t need to remove the salt from it, we can just add some sugar to it”可知，是为了改善柠檬水的味道，故选A。
【14题详解】
句意：同样地，我们不能去除已经发生在我们身上的悲伤的事情，但我们可以在我们的生活中增加美好经历的甜蜜。
never从不；already已经；nearly几乎；seldom很少。根据“we cannot remove sad things that have…happened to us”可知，已经发生的事不能更改，故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：如果你一直为过去哭泣，那你的现在和未来都不会变好。
style风格；habit习惯；decision决定；past过去。根据“If you keep on crying about your…”可知，不要沉溺于过去的痛苦，故选D。
二、阅读理解（本题有15 小题, 每小题2分, 共计 30 分）
阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(A)
Book review by Jarrad

On the weekend I read a totally amazing book called The Adventures（历险记）of Siegfried and Hannah. It was such a cool book because it was full of magical journeys to many mysterious lands. You never knew where the characters were going to end up next.
The main characters are a boy called Siegfried and his little sister Hannah. They are always ready for a mysterious adventure every time they step out their door. The book contains twelve separate stories.
I won’t spoil it for you, but what I loved the most was that the main characters were just like real kids. They were the sort of kids that I’d want to be friends with.
I would really recommend（推荐）that you read this book, especially if you like fairies, dragons, magic, adventures and surprises. It is the best book that I have read all year. There was nothing I did not like about this book, except that it should have been longer!

16. What did Jarrad think of this book?
A. Common. B. Amazing. C. Humorous. D. Scary.
17. Who are the main readers for this book review?
A. The students in Jarrad’s class. B. The teachers in Jarrad’s school.
C. People who have read the book. D. Kids who are interested in adventures.
18. What does the cover of this book tell you?
A. What the writer’s name is. B. When the book came out.
C. Who the main characters are. D. In which country the story happened.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是Jarrad对《齐格弗里德和汉娜的历险记》的书评。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“On the weekend I read a totally amazing book called The Adventures（历险记）of Siegfried and Hannah.”可知，Jarrad认为这本书非常惊人，故选B。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I would really recommend（推荐）that you read this book, especially if you like fairies, dragons, magic, adventures and surprises.”可知，Jarrad想把书推荐给喜欢仙女、龙、魔法、冒险和惊喜的人，故选D。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片提示可知，图书封面介绍了书中的两位主人公，故选C。
(B)
Have you ever entered a tropical rainforest(热带雨林)? Rainforests make up only a small part of the Earth’s surface, about six percent, but there are more kinds of trees than any other area in the whole world.
Tropical rainforests are in Africa, Asia, Central and South America, Australia, and on the Pacific islands. The largest tropical rainforest is the Amazon (亚马逊)Rainforest in South America, which covers 1. 2 billion acres, or almost five million square kilometres. The second largest rainforest is in Western Africa.
Rainforests provide us with many things. In fact, the Amazon Rainforest is the “lungs of our planet” because it produces 20%of the world’s oxygen (氧气). One fifth of the world’s fresh water is also found in the Amazon Rainforest. Furthermore, one half of the world’s species of animals, plants and insects live in the Earth’s rainforests. 80% of the food we eat first grew in the rainforest. 25%of the drugs we take when we are sick are made of plants that grow only in rainforests. Some of these drugs are even used to fight and cure cancer.
There are four different levels of trees in a rainforest. The forest floor is the lowest layer full of animal life and receives the least amount of light. The under storey is the dark, cool environment under the leaves but over the ground. The canopy layer is the upper parts of most of the trees. The emergent layer contains a small number of very tall trees.
These different parts of a rainforest exist together to create an ecosystem for many animals, plants and human beings.
19. This passage is mainly about ________.
A. kinds of forest B. where rainforests are
C. facts about rainforests D. how much oxygen rainforests make
20. The Amazon Rainforest provides us with ________ percent of the world’s oxygen.
A. twenty B. twenty-five C. fifty D. eighty
21. Where can we probably find a tropical rainforest according to the passage?
A. In France. B. In China. C. In Canada. D. In Britain.
22. Which is the right picture to show four different levels of trees in a rainforest?
A. B. C. D.
【答案】19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D
【解析】
【分析】本文主要介绍热带雨林的一切情况，包括最大的热带雨林，雨林的用途以及热带雨林的分层。
【19题详解】
主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了热带雨林的一些情况，故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“the Amazon Rainforest is the “lungs of our planet” because it produces 20%of the world’s oxygen.”可知，亚马逊雨林为我们提供了世界上20%的氧气，故选A。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Tropical rainforests are in Africa, Asia, Central and South America, Australia, and on the Pacific islands.”可知，热带雨林分布在非洲、亚洲、中南美洲、澳大利亚和太平洋岛屿上，中国属于亚洲，所以我们可能在中国能找到热带雨林，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“There are four different levels of trees in a rainforest. The forest floor is the lowest layer…The under storey is the dark, cool environment…The canopy layer is the upper parts of most of the trees. The emergent layer contains a small number of very tall trees.”可知，雨林中有四种不同层次的树木。地面层是充满动物生命的最低层，接收的光线最少，灌木层是树叶下面的阴暗凉爽的环境，但是在地面上，树冠层是大部分树木的顶部，露生层包含了一小部分高大的树木。根据图示，故选D。
(C)
Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples. It had been an unusual day. The sky was dark but there were few clouds. As they drove up the street, there started to be a rumbling （隆隆的） sound heard across the ground.
Jason’s father immediately realized that a tornado （龙卷风） was coming. He stopped the car and told Jason to get out immediately. Jason and his father got out of the car and made their way to the closest building. By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear. Debris was falling all over the place. Jason couldn’t see his dad anymore. He also realized that he wasn’t getting to the building fast enough. He was afraid he would be picked up by the wind and thrown into the air.
As he made his way towards the building, he noticed a field to his right. He could see an irrigation ditch（灌溉渠）. In a panic, he scrambled （爬） to the ditch and lay flat on the ground. More debris and objects flew overhead. His heart was beating hard, and he was nervous. He had never been in a tornado before.
After a while, the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone. Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around. What he saw was a great mess. Jason could hardly recognize the buildings in front of him because of all the damage.
He stood up and with shaky legs walked to the building. Once there, he pushed the door open and went inside. It was a public building owned by the city. It was empty, but Jason could hear noises further inside. He walked into the large room and saw his dad. He ran across the room and gave him a big hug.
“Jason! How are you? I’ve been worried sick about you!” said his father. “I couldn’t find you anywhere!”
Jason breathed a sigh of a relief（松了一口气）and sat down. He did have a story to tell!
23. From Paragraph 1, we can get the ________ of the story.
A. background B. development C. climax (most exciting part) D. ending
24. Which of the following is the right order according to the passage?
① Jason nervously looked around from the irrigation ditch.
② Jason ran across the room and gave his father a big hug.
③ Jason got out of the car.
④ Jason noticed a field to his right.
A. ②①③④ B. ③④①② C. ④①②③ D. ③①②④
25. The underlined word “Debris” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A. parts of the tornado B. apple pies C. broken pieces D. drop of rain
26. The story tells us that when we are in danger, ________.
A. we should wait patiently until help comes
B. we should work hard to make our dreams come true
C. we should be brave enough to change nature
D. we should be quick-thinking and believe in ourselves
【答案】23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述Jason和爸爸经历了一次龙卷风，最后安全活了下来，和爸爸团聚。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。分析第一段内容可知，第一段交代了故事的背景，故选A。
24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Jason and his father got out of the car”，“As he made his way towards the building, he noticed a field to his right.”，“Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around.”和“He ran across the room and gave him a big hug.”可知，正确的顺序是③④①②，故选B。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。分析“By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear. Debris was falling all over the place.”可知，这时风刮得更厉害了，几乎看不见也听不到，残骸到处都是。此处Debris的意思是“残骸”，故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。Jason意识到自己没办法安全抵达大楼后，在慌乱中迅速给自己找到避难的地方，作者借此告诉我们应该思维敏捷，相信自己。故选D。
(D)
Have you ever bought something and then changed your mind? For Alison Jenson, 15, this used to happen several times a week. Alison was a shopaholic. She just couldn’t stop shopping and she loved special offers.
Alison’s bedroom is full of stuff. “I’ve been to every shop in Birmingham, I think,” says Alison. She picks up some earrings. The labels are still on them. “These were half price,” she says. “I’ve never won them.” Alison’s problem wasn’t just jewellery. She also bought a lot of clothes, though not many shoes, because they were usually too expensive. She has also bought lots of other small things-like 20 new covers for her phone. She hasn’t used any of them.
According to experts, we all feel excited after we buy something new. For shopaholics, it’s a little different. Soon after they buy something, they think they’ve made a mistake and start to feel unhappy. So they buy themselves something else to feel happier.
Psychologists （心理学家）first described the problems of shopaholics in 1915. However, there was very little research on the subject until recently. Now, doctors think thousands of people suffer from the problem, and the situation is getting worse. There are also more teenage shopaholics now, although most young people don’t have enough money to go shopping very regularly.
Alison knew she had a problem. “I often bought something every day. Usually it was something small, but I just needed to buy it,” she says. “I spent money that I got for my birthday, and when I was short of cash, I borrowed money from f