山东省菏泽市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

菏泽市二0二一年初中学业水平考试（中考）
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 本试题分选择题和非选择题两部分。选择题, 80分;非选择题, 40分;共120分。考 试用时120分钟。
2. 请务必在答题卡规定的答题区域内作答, 选择题须用2B铅笔填涂, 非选择题须用 0. 5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔书写。
选择题（共80分）
一、听力（共四节, 满分30分）
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 请将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5个小题海小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）
听下面5个句子, 每个句子后有三幅图画。每个句子仅读一遍。请你从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出与句子内容相符的图画, 并标在试卷的相应位置。
1. A. B. C.
2. A. B. C.
3. A. B. C.
4. A. B. C.
5. A. B. C.
第二节（共5个小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）
听下面5个句子, 每个句子后有一道小题。每个句子读两遍。请你听完句子的第二遍朗读后, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答语, 并标在试卷的相应位置。
6. A. He has short hair. B. He likes watching TV. C. He’s very friendly.
7. A. By bus. B. Wonderful. C. For two weeks.
8. A. Put a bandage on it B. Drink more water. C. Put my head down.
9. A. A month. B. Every day. C. At 8: 00.
10. A. Yes, I do. B. Me, too. C. Yes, please.
第三节（共5个小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话, 每段对话后有一道小题。每段对话和问题读两遍。请你听完对话和 问题的第二遍朗读后, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。
11. Where is the bank?
A. On Center Street. B. In the park. C. Next to the supermarket
12. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A In a police station. B. In a restaurant. C. In a bus station.
13. What’s Mr. Manson’s advice?
A. Reading a lot every morning. B. Trying to talk with foreigners. C. Listening to English songs on the radio.
14. Why is the woman leaving now?
A. To go to the train station. B. To see her daughter off. C. To go to school.
15. How old is Peter’s sister?
A. She is 16. B. She is 14. C. She is 12.
第四节（共5个小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）
听下面一段短文, 短文后有五道小题。短文和问题读两遍。请你听完短文和问题的第二遍朗读后, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。
16. Where does Ding Yuqi live?
A. On a big farm. B. In a small town. C. Near a river.
17. What’s Ding Yuqi’s dream?
A. To be good at her lessons.
B. To be the top student in her class.
C. To get to the top of Mount Qomolangma.
18. Who did Ding Yuqi climb the njountain with?
A. Her uncle and friends. B. Her teacher and friends. C. Her parents and friends.
19. When did she reach the top of Mount Qomolangma?
A. On May 8th. B. On May 18th. C. On May 28th.
20. What does Ding Yuqi think of her climb?
A. Great. B. Terrible. C. Boring.
二、英语知识运用（共两节, 满分20分）
第一节 单项填空（共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分）
从A、B、C三个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. —What’s the most important tradition in Chinese family?
—I think it’s to respect ________ old and love ________ young.
A. an; the B. an; a C. the; the
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——中国家庭最重要的传统是什么？——我认为是要尊老爱幼。
考查冠词辨析。the+形容词，表示“一类人”，the old“老人”，the young“年轻人”，故选C。
2. —China’s high-speed railway ________ is leading the world.
—That’s right. It is moving further into the world.
A. technology B. environment C. population
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——中国高铁技术处于世界领先地位。——是的。它正在进一步走向世界。
考查名词辨析。technology技术；environment环境；population人口。根据“China’s high-speed railway…is leading the world.”可知，是高铁技术，故选A。
3. —Do you think it necessary for teenagers to learn cooking at home?
—Sure. Cooking is ________ an important part of education in China.
A. prepared for B. regarded as C. compared with
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你认为青少年有必要在家里学习烹饪吗？——当然。烹饪在中国被视为教育的重要组成部分。
考查动词短语。prepared for为……做好准备；regarded as被视为；compared with与……相比较。根据“Cooking is … an important part of education in China”可知，烹饪被视为教育的重要部分，故选B。
4. —After Start of Spring, everything turns green in China.
—Yes. People clearly see that the daytime is becoming ________ and the weather is becoming ________.
A. shorter; warmer B. longer; cooler C. longer; warmer
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——立春之后，中国的一切都变绿了。——是的。人们明显地觉察到白天变长了，天气也变暖了。
考查形容词辨析和常识。short短的；long长的；warm温暖的；cool凉爽的。根据常识可知，立春之后，白天变长，天气变暖，故选C。
5. — I wonder if these are Jim’s glasses.
— They ________ be his. He doesn’t wear glasses.
A. could B. must C. can’t
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：——我想知道眼镜是否是吉姆的。——一定不是他的，他不戴眼镜。
考查情态动词表推测。could可能；must 一定；can’t不可能。根据“He doesn’t wear glasses.”可知，这里应指不可能是他的，故选C。
6. —Is anything worth seeing in Xi’an?
—Yes Don’t ________ the amazing Terracotta Army.
A. offer B. miss C. share
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——西安有什么值得一看的吗？——有的。不要错过令人惊叹的兵马俑。
考查动词辨析。offer提供；miss错过；share分享。根据“Don’t…the amazing Terracotta Army.”可知，不能错过兵马俑，故选B。
7. —Would you like to tell me something about Yuan Longping?
—He’s called “father of hybrid rice” and he helped save ________ China ________ the world from hunger.
A. not only; but also B. either; or C. neither; nor
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我一些关于袁隆平的事情吗？——他被称为“杂交水稻之父”，他不仅拯救了中国，也拯救了世界免于饥饿。
考查连词辨析。not only…but also不但……而且；either…or要么……要么；neither…nor既不……也不。根据“he helped save … China … the world from hunger”可知，他不仅仅帮助中国，也帮助了世界免于饥饿，故选A。
8. —It is reported that the First Flight Ceremony of Heze Mudan Airport was held on April 2nd, 2021.
—Yes. Great changes ________ in my hometown since I left home.
A. have taken place B. were taken place C. took place
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——据报道，菏泽牡丹机场于2021年4月2日举行首飞仪式。——是的。自从我离开家以来，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
考查现在完成时。根据“since I left home”可知，此处是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，应使用现在完成时，故选A。
9. —Could you please show me ________?
—Sure. First of all you’d better make sure you’ve got everything you need.
A. how can I make a Chinese lantern
B. how I can make a Chinese lantern
C. how could I make a Chinese lantern
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能教我怎么做中国灯笼吗？——当然。首先，你最好确定你已经得到了你所需要的一切。
考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，A和C都是疑问语序，故选B。
10. —I’d like to thank you for your invitation to Heze Peony Garden.
—________.
A. With pleasure B. It’s my pleasure C. For pleasure
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——感谢您邀请我到菏泽牡丹园参观。——我的荣幸。
考查情景对话。With pleasure我很愿意；It’s my pleasure我的荣幸；For pleasure为了消遣。根据“I’d like to thank you for your invitation to Heze Peony Garden”可知，当对方表达感谢时，应说“我的荣幸”，故选B。
第二节 完形填空（共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Little Women is Louisa May Alcott’s most famous novel. The novel follows the ___11___ of the four March sisters-Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy-and is based on the writer’s own ___12___ of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War（1861-1865）.
The main theme in the story is the importance of ___13___. Other themes include the need to work and self-improvement.
When the story begins the sisters are complaining because they are ___14___ and have to work. Their mother says that they mustn’t spend money on pleasure ___15___ there is a war and everybody must help. Their father is in the army. In the letters their father sends home, he tells his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time. They must try to ___16___ the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful. He wants to be proud of them when he comes home. The girls decide to make an effort to ___17___ themselves because they love and miss their father very much.
Alcott was interested in women’s rights and through the four March sisters, she explored （探索）four different ___18___ of being a woman in those days. Meg leaves the family to get ___19___ and have a new family. Beth devotes （致力于）herself to ___20___ her own family. Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure. And Jo, like Alcott herself, tries to have a career in writing and care for her family at the same time.
11. A. rules B. lives C. secrets
12. A. experiences B. expressions C. directions
13. A. friendship B. work C. family
14. A. poor B. rich C. clever
15. A. so B. because C. if
16. A. sell B. find C. accept
17. A. improve B. serve C. imagine
18. A. maps B. ways C. circles
19. A. dressed B. lost C. married
20. A. looking after B. looking for C. asking for
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍《小妇人》这本书的内容。
【11题详解】
句意：小说讲述了马奇家四个姐妹——梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米的生活，基于作者和三个姐妹在美国内战(1861-1865)期间的成长经历。
rules规则；lives生活；secrets秘密。根据“The novel follows the…of the four March sisters”和常识可知，这本书讲述四个姐妹的生活，故选B。
【12题详解】
句意：小说讲述了马奇家四个姐妹——梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米的生活，基于作者和三个姐妹在美国内战(1861-1865)期间的成长经历。
experiences经历；expressions表达；directions方向。根据“and is based on the writer’s own…of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War（1861-1865）”可知，小说讲述了四个姐妹的成长经历，故选A。
【13题详解】
句意：这个故事的主题是家庭的重要性。
friendship友谊；work工作；family家庭。根据常识可知，《小妇人》这本书的主要主题是“家庭”，故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：当故事开始的时候，姐妹们在抱怨，因为她们很穷，不得不工作。
poor贫穷的；rich富有的；clever聪明的。根据“have to work”可知，因为穷，所以不得不工作，故选A。
【15题详解】
句意：她们的母亲说，她们不应该把钱花在娱乐上，因为有战争，每个人都必须帮助。
so所以；because因为；if如果。“there is a war”是“they mustn’t spend money on pleasure”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选B。
【16题详解】
句意：她们必须努力接受生活中不好的事情，保持快乐。
sell卖；find发现；accept接受。根据“They must try to…the bad things”可知，生活在战争时代，必须接受生活中不好的事情，故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：女孩们决定努力提高自己，因为她们非常爱和想念她们的父亲。
improve改善，提高；serve服务；imagine想象。根据“The girls decide to make an effort to…themselves because they love and miss their father very much.”可知，女孩们决定努力提高自己，故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：奥尔科特对妇女权利很感兴趣，通过马奇四姐妹，她探索了在那个年代做女人的四种不同方式。
maps地图；ways方法，方式；circles圈，循环。根据后文介绍可知，四姐妹有四种生活方式，故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：梅格离开家去结婚，组建了一个新家庭。
dressed穿衣；lost失去；married结婚。根据“have a new family”可知，结了婚有了新的家庭，故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：贝丝致力于照顾自己的家庭。
looking after照顾；looking for寻找；asking for请求。根据“Beth devotes （致力于）herself to…her own family. ”可知，贝丝尽力照顾家庭，故选A。
三、阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。
A

Zhang Yufei has made a name for herself as the new butterfly queen at this year’s National Swimming Championships （锦标赛）. During the nine days of the event, she won five gold medals and a silver one.
“With the Olympic Games drawing near, I feel more and more nervous, but I’m doing everything I can to relax and to focus on my game,” Zhang says. All eyes will be on the 23-year-old girl to see if she will pick up two gold medals in Tokyo.

Tianwen 1 landed on Mars （火星）on May 15, 2021 successfully. It’s China’s first probe （探测器）to land on a planet other than Earth.
China named its first Mars exploration mission （任务） Tiaraven 1 on April 24, 2020, China’s fifth Space Day.
The name comes from a poem of the same name by Qu Yuan, one of the greatest poets of ancient China. In his poem, Qu Yuan asked questions about the sky, stars, nature and the world around us. He questioned traditional ideas and looked for the truth of the universe.

The Bulgarian national qualification contest of the 20th “Chinese Bridge”, a major international Chinese professional competition for foreign university students, was held in Sofia on Sunday.
The event, organized by the Chinese embassy （大使馆）in Bulgaria and the Confucius Institute in Sofia, was COVID-19, with seven students from three universities attending.
The “Chinese Bridge” competition is organized every year to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese and improve their understanding of Chinese culture.

21. How many medals did Zhang Yufei win at this year’s National Swimming Championships?
A. 5. B. 6. C. 8.
22. How does Tianwen 1 get its name?
A. It was named by Qu Yuan
B. It landed on Mars for the first time.
C. It comes from the name of Qu Yuan’s Tianwen.
23. What do you know about the 20th “Chinese Bridge” competition?
A. It was organized by Bulgarian people.
B. It was organized to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese.
C. Seven students from Sofia came to China to attend the competition.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是三组时事新闻报道：张雨霏在全国游泳锦标赛上获得了五枚金牌和一枚银牌；中国首次火星探测人物“天问1号”的名字的由来；第20届“汉语桥”国际汉语专业大赛在保加利亚首都索非亚举行。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“During the nine days of the event, she won five gold medals and a silver one”可知，得了五枚金牌，一枚银牌，总计六枚奖牌，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The name comes from a poem of the same name by Qu Yuan”可知，这个名字来自于屈原的一首同名诗，故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The “Chinese Bridge” competition is organized every year to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese and improve their understanding of Chinese culture”可知，“汉语桥”这个大赛的目的是为了激励外国学生学习汉语，故选B。
B

Like most kids, Landon Kenstrick, 5 years old, has a favorite animal. However, his favorite animal is quite different from other kids’. He loves pangolins.
Pangolins have small heads and long, broad tails. They are toothless. They have small ears, but their hearing is good.
Their sense of smell is well-developed, too. But their sight is poor. When they feel frightened, they roll up into a ball to protect themselves. “My favorite thing about the pangolin is the scales （鳞片）it has on its body. They look cool, “Landon said.
Landon first learned about pangolins from a TV show, Wild Kratts. Knowing that pangolins are facing the danger of dying out, Landon quickly decided to take action to protect them. He wanted to tell everyone he knew about them. On Halloween, he had his parents carve （雕刻）a pangolin into their pumpkin （南瓜）, so that when people asked what it was, he could tell them all about his favorite animal. When Christmas came around, Landon had only one wish: to save the pangolins. His parents had him “adopt （领养）” a pangolin in Landon’s name. They also came up with a good idea. They helped Landon make Christmas gifts to sell to help raise money for the pangolins at a market. So far, he has raised $ 400.
If you think a 5-year-old boy is too young to save the pangolins, you’d be wrong. Landon told us nobody’s too young to save anything.
24. What can we know about pangolins?
A. They have great sight. B. They have good hearing. C. They have poor sense of smell.
25. How do pangolins protect themselves when they are in danger?
A. They take off their scales. B. They roll up into a ball C. They fight with their teeth.
26. Why did Landon have his parents carve a pangolin into their pumpkin?
A. He wanted to put protecting pangolins into action.
B. He wanted to make the pumpkin beautiful
C. He wanted to raise more money.
27. What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph?
A. A 5-year-old boy can’t save pangolins.
B. Children can also save something.
C. It is wrong to save pangolins.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文主要讲述了一位五岁的孩子最喜欢的动物是穿山甲，并介绍了穿山甲的外貌和特点，他知道现在穿山甲正面临灭绝的危险，他决定要采取行动来保护它们。从他的事例告诉我们，没人会因为年轻而无法拯救穿山甲。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They have small ears, but their hearing is good”可知，它们的听力很好，故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When they feel frightened, they roll up into a ball to protect themselves”可知，当它们感到害怕时，就会蜷缩成一团来保护自己，故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Knowing that pangolins are facing the danger of dying out, Landon quickly decided to take action to protect them. He wanted to tell everyone he knew about them”可知，让他的父母在南瓜上刻穿山甲是为了让更多的人了解穿山甲的情况，他想把保护穿山甲付诸行动，故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“If you think a 5-year-old boy is too young to save the pangolins, you’d be wrong. Landon told us nobody’s too young to save anything.”可知，作者在最后一段想告诉我们孩子们也可以拯救一些东西，故选B。
C
Think about what you like to wear on the weekend. There’s a good chance that you like to put on a pair of blue jeans. At any moment, about half of the world’s population is wearing jeans. But according to a new study, our love for jeans may be bad for Earth. Denim （牛仔布）might be putting so