山东省德州市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

德州市二○二一年初中学业水平考试
英 语 试 题
注意事项：
1. 本试题共六个大题，分选择题和非选择题两种类型；选择题计80分，非选择题计70分；试卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 考生应将答案全部答在答题卡上，注意事项请参照答题卡要求。考试结束后，试题和答题卡将一并收回。
一、听力测试(共25小题; 1-20小题，每小题1分；21-25小题，每小题2分; 共计30分；每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)
（一）录音中有五个句子，每个句子听两遍，然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。（5分）
1. A. Here you are. B. Nice idea! C. So am I!
2. A. Hurry up! B. Pretty good! C. Never mind!
3. A. That’s interesting! B. Good job! C. That’s no excuse!
4. A. Here we go. B. I agree. C. I haven’t decided yet.
5. A. Of course you will. B. That’s not the point. C. No, not usually.
（二）录音中有三个句子，每个句子对应一幅图片，每个句子听两遍，然后选择与句子内容相对应的图片。（3分）
A. B. C.
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________
（三）录音中有五组对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。（5分）
9. What’s wrong with the girl?
A. She has a headache. B. She has a stomachache. C. She has a toothache.
10. Where is the library？
A. On the left of the office building.
B. On the right of the office building.
C. In front of the office building.
11. What will the man do?
A. Write a book. B. Read a book review. C. Write a book review.
12. What does the woman think of the man？
A. Interesting. B. Friendly. C. Kind.
13.Why did the woman come back from London?
A. She came back on business.
B. Life was hard in London.
C. She came back to take care of her parents.
（四）录音中有一段长对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。（4分）
14. The woman wants a table for ________ people.
A. four B. five C. six
15. The woman wants a table near the ________.
A. door B. kitchen C. window
16. The woman will come to the Garden’s at ________ tomorrow evening.
A. 7:00 B. 6:30 C. 6:00
17. The Garden’s is ________.
A. a restaurant B. a shop C. a book store
（五）录音中有三小段独白，听独白两遍后，根据独白内容，将信息配对。（3分）
18. David A. teach where there aren’t enough teachers
19. Volunteers B. make an English study plan to improve his English
20. Sam C. be a singer from New York who has got some great songs
（六）听力填表（共5小题；录音播放前，你有20秒钟的读题时间）。（10分）
请你认真听下面一段天气预报, 了解天气状况，合理安排出行计划。听天气预报两遍后，请你根据表格内容提示，记录相关信息，完成表格(每空一词)。
Weather Report for the Next 24 Hours

Weather
Advice
In the north
snow with (21)________ winds
put on warm clothes
In the south
quite (22)________
take a free (23)________ outside
In the west
cold in the morning and (24)________
keep warm
In the east
some (25)________ in the afternoon
take an umbrella
二、阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，计50分)
阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
Isn’t fast food delicious? Aren’t fast food restaurants cool? ... The answer to these questions is yes.
However, there are growing facts that fast food is one of the worst parts of modern life. And studies have shown that burgers and fried chicken, which we enjoy so much, can cause a lot of health problems.
In spite of (尽管) this, why are fast food restaurants so attractive(吸引人的)? The first and most important reason is that their service is fast. Their staff(员工) are friendly and very smart-looking in their clean and bright uniforms(制服). Moreover, most fast food restaurants are near places that people always pass by. It is so easy to grab a burger and eat on the way to work.
Fast food is often so conveniently packed(包装方便) that it will not cause a mess even if you stand and eat it. Fast food restaurants are also very clean. A lot of clever ads(广告) have made them the coolest places in town, but none of them has ever told and will never tell you that too much fast food is not good for your health.
Such attractive places are selling junk food! Isn’t it a pity? Is there a way to change the fast food restaurants into special places where you get the best possible, healthy and fresh food?
Well, why not?
As people realize the health problems that fast food causes, it is quite likely that fast food restaurants may go out of date. It may happen sooner or later.
Therefore, instead of resisting(抵制) fast food restaurants, a better idea may be to persuade(说服) them to change their menu! Fast food restaurants can be places to go to when you want to eat something that will be good for your body. If they could combine(结合) healthy food with their speed of service, delicious tastes and comfortable feelings, that will be the next best thing on the earth for the human beings!
1. What does “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Fast food is delicious. B. Fast food restaurants are cool.
C. People enjoy fast food. D. Fast food can cause health problems.
2. Fast food has many advantages EXCEPT that it’s ________.
A. delicious B. fast
C. healthy D. unhealthy
3. Which word can replace the word “grab” in Paragraph 3?
A. move suddenly B. get quickly
C. throw quickly D. carry carefully
4. According to the passage, ads about fast food ________.
A. show you all the facts B. don’t tell you the whole truth
C. make it hard to buy fast food D. make fast food restaurants out of date
5. The author advises ________.
A. making the service of fast food faster B. resisting fast food restaurants
C. changing tastes of fast food D. making fast food good for health
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. D
【解析】
【分析】文章讲述了经常吃快餐会对人们的健康有害，但是快餐店却在人们的生活中随处可见，文中还提出了与其抵制快餐店，不如说服他们改变菜单，让人们吃健康的食物。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据“And studies have shown that burgers and fried chicken, which we enjoy so much, can cause a lot of health problems. In spite of (尽管) this, why are fast food restaurants so attractive(吸引人的)?”可知，这里说的是尽管快餐会引起健康问题，但是快餐还是很受欢迎，所以“this”指代的是“快餐会导致健康问题”，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“However, there are growing facts that fast food is one of the worst parts of modern life….can cause a lot of health problems.”可知，快餐是不健康的，故选D。
【3题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“most fast food restaurants are near places that people always pass by. It is so easy to grab a burger and eat on the way to work.”可知，大多数快餐店都在人们经常经过的地方附近。在上班的路上买个汉堡吃是很容易的。所以单词“grab”指的是“快速地得到”，故选B。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A lot of clever ads(广告) have made them the coolest places in town, but none of them has ever told and will never tell you that too much fast food is not good for your health.”可知，大部分的快餐广告不会告诉你全部的真相，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Therefore, instead of resisting(抵制) fast food restaurants, a better idea may be to persuade(说服) them to change their menu!”可知，作者建议与其抵制快餐店，不如说服他们改变菜单，让他们卖健康的食品，故选D。
B
https://www.
Nature Loving Kids
Here at Nature Loving Kids, we know how much you want to make a positive(积极的) difference to our world! So, read on to find out how to protect our earth…
Save energy and water!
— On a fine and clear day, hang things outside to dry! This saves energy that would have been used on the dryer(烘干机).
— If you can, try cycling, walking, or using public transport to get out and about, instead of using the car.
—Turn the taps(水龙头) off while brushing your teeth, and take short showers of four minutes or less!
Be an advocate(倡导者)!
—Share your knowledge with others, and help them become eco-heroes too! It takes lots of people working together to make changes happen—so share, share, share!
Reduce, reuse, recycle!
—Before you throw something away, stop and think about what else it could be used for!
Be friendly to wildlife!
—Make your garden wildlife-friendly! You could build a bee hotel, or even create a pool.
— If you own a cat that goes outdoors, put a bell around its neck so that vulnerable wildlife can hear it coming and make their escape!
What else can you do to make the world better?
Now, get out there and save the world —you can do it!
6. To save energy or water, you’d better ________.
A. dry things in the sun B. drive a car to work
C. take long showers D. brush teeth with water running
7. To call on more people to work together, you should ________.
A. save energy and water B. be an advocate
C. reduce, reuse and recycle D. be friendly to wildlife
8. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” mean in Chinese?
A. 野生的 B. 家养的 C. 强壮的 D. 弱小的
9. The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. help the kids learn English B. help people learn more about kids
C. teach kids how to keep animals D. tell the kids how to protect the earth
10. This passage is from ________.
A. a guidebook B. a science book C. a website D. a newspaper
【答案】6. A 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一个名叫“Nature Loving Kids”的网站提供的关于如何保护地球的方法。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Save energy and water”及“On a fine and clear day, hang things outside to dry”可知，在阳光下晒干物品可以节省能源或水资源，故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Be an advocate”及“It takes lots of people working together to make changes happen—so share, share, share”可知，成为一个倡导者可以呼吁更多的人一起工作，故选B。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“ If you own a cat that goes outdoors, put a bell around its neck so that vulnerable wildlife can hear it coming and make their escape”可知，在猫脖子上挂一个铃铛，这样比较弱小动物听到后就能逃跑了，所以vulnerable表示“弱小的”，故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“So, read on to find out how to protect our earth”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是为了告诉孩子们如何保护地球，故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据“https://www. ”可知，这篇文章来自网站，故选C。
C
We see humans all around us. But when was the first human seen? Early humans did not leave behind any written records. However, they left behind many paintings on the walls of the caves(洞穴) where they lived. These paintings tell about their life, and we know these early humans walked on four limbs(四肢) like apes（猿）. Also, they did not live at one place but moved from place to place in search of food and water.
Without any tools, early humans used stones, bones of animals, and sharp pieces of wood to dig, hunt and cut their food. They also used these to protect themselves from animals. Since stones were used to make tools, this age was called Stone Age.
With time going, tools made of bones and stones were replaced with metal(金属的) ones which were stronger, sharper, and long-lasting. Metals were also used for farming and making knives. Copper(铜) was the first metal to be used.
The first fire that early humans noticed was natural fire caused by lightning(闪电). With fire, early humans could now light up dark caves. They could keep themselves warm during cold weather and cook meat. Also the fire could drive animals away.
Early humans noticed new trees growing from the seeds(种子) that fell to the ground from the fruits. This gave them the idea that they could make their own food by planting seeds, which led to farming. With the beginning of farming, early humans began to settle down(定居). They moved out of the caves and lived on farms and near their fields together, then the first villages came up.
Raising animals was a big event in human history that changed the life of early humans. The wild dogs were probably the first animal to be raised. As time went goats, sheep, cows, donkeys, and horses were kept, too. This led to herding(畜牧业). Milk, meat and wool came from these animals.
11. Early humans’ paintings don’t tell us ________.
A. when the first human appeared B. how they walked
C. where they lived D. how they lived
12. Early humans had to move around in order to ________.
A. find more caves to live in B. protect themselves from animals
C. look for food and water D. make kinds of tools
13. Early humans used fire to ________.
① light up dark caves ② keep themselves warm ③ cook meat
④ drive animals away ⑤ make knives
A. ①②③④ B. ①②④⑤ C. ②③④⑤ D. ①②③⑤
14. Early humans were able to live in one place when ________.
A. they could walk on two feet B. they could use metals
C. they knew how to farm D. they knew how to use fire
15. Which statement is right according to the passage?
A. The first tools were made of copper.
B. The first fire noticed by early humans was caused by lightning.
C. The first villages came up before the farming appeared.
D. The first animal to be raised was sheep.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文主要是介绍了人类的发展历程，从最初的用石头，动物骨头来获得食物，到用金属来代替原始工具，到发现了火及知道如何耕种，以及饲养动物。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据“These paintings tell about their life, and we know these early humans walked on four limbs(四肢) like apes”及“Also, they did not live at one place but moved from place to place in search of food and water”可知，这些图画告诉我们他们的生活，走路方式，以及居住的地点，故选A。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Also, they did not live at one place but moved from place to place in search of food and water”可知，早期人类为了获得食物和水不得不四处移动，故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据“With fire, early humans could now light up dark caves. They could keep themselves warm during cold weather and cook meat. Also the fire could drive animals away”可知，他们用火来点亮山洞，保持温暖，烹饪肉类，驱赶动物，故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据“With the beginning of farming, early humans began to settle down”可知，当早期人类懂得如何耕种时，他们就能在一个地方生活，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The first fire that early humans noticed was natural fire caused by lightning”可知，早期人类注意到的第一次火灾是由闪电引起的自然火灾，B表述正确，故选B。
D

(The Red Vineyards , 1888, by Van Gogh )
Although it’s said Van Gogh(梵高)(1853-1890) sold only one painting during his lifetime, different theories(理论) exist(存在).
It is true that The Red Vineyard is the only painting sold during Van Gogh’s lifetime, and that was officially(官方地) recorded and accepted by the art world. It’s recorded that Van Gogh started painting at 27, and died at 37. His famous paintings were produced after he went to France in 1888, only two years before he died. So it would be clear that he did not sell many.
However, others disagree. The leading Van Gogh scholar(学者), Marc, is one of them. Though the story that Van Gogh sold just one painting still goes around, he insists(坚持说) that Van Gogh sold at least two.
Also, according to the Van Gogh Museum website, Van Gogh actually sold a number of paintings for living during his lifetime. His first money came from his uncle, who was an art dealer(经销商). In order to help Van Gogh’s career(事业), he ordered 19 paintings. And Van Gogh himself would often trade his paintings for food or art supplies(美术用品) when he was younger.
Van Gogh died in July of 1890. His brother was a wise dealer and saved lots of paintings by Van Gogh. His greatest wish was to make the works more widely known and make much money. Sadly he himself died just six months later. He left a large collection of art to his wife, who “sold some of Van Gogh’s works, lent as many as she could to exhibitions, and published(出版) many of Van Gogh’s letters to his brother. Without her, Van Gogh would never have become as famous as he is today.” After her death, her son founded the Van Gogh Museum.
16. According to ________, only one painting was sold during Van Gogh’s lifetime.
A. the official records B. the Van Gogh Museum website
C. Van Gogh’s brother’s son D. Van Gogh’s uncle
17. What can we infer(推断) from Paragraph 4?
A. Van Gogh’s paintings were popular. B. Van G