山东省菏泽市2019年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

山东省菏泽市2019年中考英语试题　
一、听力
第一节
听下面5个句子每个句子后有三幅图画,每个句子仅读一遍。请你从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出与句子内容相符的图画,并标在试卷的相应位置。
1．
2．
3．
4．
5．
第二节
听下面5个句子,每个句子后有一道小题,每个句子读两遍,请你听完句子的第二遍朗读后,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答语并标在试卷的相应位置。
6． A． You're welcome．B．It doesn't matter．C． Sorry to hear that．
7．A． Yes，I can．B．No，I can't．C． Sorry，I won't．
8．A． I want to be a teacher．B．I'm 12 years old．C． I'd like some noodles．
9．A． It's very beautiful．B． Yes，I have．C． Sounds good．
10．A． Enjoy the full moon．B．Watch the boat races．C． Make snowmen．
第三节
听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一道小题,每段对话和问题读两遍,请你听完对话和问题的第二遍朗读后,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
11．（1）How much is the red hat？
A． It's five dollars．B．It's ten dollars．C． It's fifteen dollars．
（2）Why can't Tim come to the party？
A． He has to do the dishes．B． He has to clean his room．C．He has to study for a test．
（3）Why can't Tim come to the party？
A． He has to do the dishes．B． He has to clean his room．C．He has to study for a test．
（4）What should Peter do？
A．Write to David and say thanks．B．Call David and say sorry．C．Email David and say hello．
（5）Who probably answered the telephone just now？
A． Rick．B． Lucy．C． Lucy's mother．
第四节
听下面一段短文,短文后有五道小题。短文和问题读两遍。请你听完短文和问题的第二遍朗读后,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
12．（1）When did Li Lei take part in the Cleanup Day activities？
A．Last Friday．B．Last Saturday．C． Last Sunday．
（2）Where did they go with their teacher by bus？
A． Tianxiang Park．
B． People's Park，
C．Zhaowanghe Park．
（3）Who picked the banana peels up and put them into the rubbish box？
A． A boy．B． Li Lei．C． Li Lei's teacher．
（4）What did they help to do in the end？
A． Plant the trees．B． Throw the rubbishC．Water the flowers．
（5）How did they feel？
A． Tired but happy．B． Tired and terrible．C． Bored but relaxed．
二、英语知识运用
第一节 单项填空
1.—Are you____little boy in the photo, Tony?
—Yes, it's me. This photo was taken when I was only three.
A. a B. an C. the
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：﹣Tony，照片里的那个小男孩是你吗？﹣是的，就是我。这张照片是在我三岁的时候拍的。
a和an是不定冠词，修饰可数名词单数形式，表示泛指一个…；the 是定冠词，修饰名词表示特指。根据句意可知，此处特指照片里的小男孩，故用定冠词the，故选：C。

2.—The relations between my parents have become difficult. What should I do?
—You could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper____.
A. instrument B. communication C. community
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：﹣我父母之间的关系变得很困难，我该怎么办？﹣你可以多做些家务，这样他们就有更多的时间进行适当的沟通。
instrument仪器；工具；communication交流；community社区。根据The relationships between my parents have become difficult可知，你可以多做些家务，这样他们就有更多的时间进行适当的沟通，故选：B。

3.—How is your friend going to the station?
—I'm not sure. He ____take a taxi there.
A. must B. has to C. may
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：-你的朋友将怎样去车站？-我不确定。他可能是乘坐出租车去的。
must必须，一定；has to不得不；may可能。根据答语中I'm not sure可知，说话人不确定其朋友是怎么去火车站的，推测出其可能是坐出租车去那里了。故选：C。

4.—This is a really old bike. —Yes, I ____it for seven years.
A. have had B. have bought C. bought
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：-这是一个非常旧的自行车。-是的，我已经买了7年了。
have had现在完成时，“已经拥有多长时间了”；have bought现在完成时，买；bought买，过去式。根据…for seven years可知，这句话应用现在完成时，其构成为have/ has done，buy是瞬间动词，在完成时中不能和时间段连用，故选：A。

5.Be more ____next time, and you won't make the same mistake again.
A. careless B. careful C. nervous
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：下次你要加倍小心，不要再犯同样的错误了。
careless粗心的；careful细心的；nervous紧张的.根据句意you won’t make the same mistake again可知，下次你要加倍小心才不会再犯错，故选：B。

6.____my grandpa is over 80 years old, he still looks strong and healthy.
A. Although B. Because C. Unless
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：虽然我的爷爷80多岁了，他看起来仍然很强壮、健康。
although虽然，引导让步状语从句；because因，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句。由句意可知although符合要求，故选：A。

7.—Lucy, when you leave the room, please ____the light. —OK, Mom.
A. put off B. turn off C. turn up
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：-Lucy，当你离开房间的时候，请关上灯。-好的，妈妈。
put off推迟； turn off关掉； turn up出现；开大。根据句意when you leave the room, please…the light可知，turn off符合语境，故选：B。

8.—Could you please tell me____?
—Sure. Just go along this street and you'll find it on your left.
A. where is the bookstore
B. where the bookstore is
C. how can I get to the bookstore
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：-请你告诉我书店在哪里好吗？-当然可以。你就沿着这条街走，在你的左手边你就能找到它。
where is the bookstore书店在哪里，疑问语序；where the store is陈述语序；how can I get to the bookstore我怎样到达书店，疑问语序。根据句子结构可知，这个题目考查宾语从句，在宾语从句中，从句通常用陈述语序，排除A和C，故选：B。

9.﹣Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch?
﹣I'd love to, but I____to go out this afternoon.
A. don't allow B. will allow C. won't be allowed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：-午饭后你愿意和我一起去购物吗？-我愿意去，但是今天下午我不被允许出去。
don’t allow不允许；will allow将会允许；won’t be allowed将不被允许。根据句意可知，主语I和谓语动词allow是被动关系，再根据this afternoon可知，要用一般将来时的被动语态，其构成为will be done，故选：C。

10.—What do you think of the movie The Wandering Earth（《流浪地球》）?
—____! I've seen it three times and it always gives me something to think about.
A. Wonderful B. I can't stand it C. It's too boring
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：-你觉得《流浪地球》这部电影怎么样？-太棒了！我看了三次了，它总是给我一些思考的东西。
Wonderful很精彩；I can't stand it 我忍受不了； It's too boring太无聊。根据答语I've seen it three times and it always gives me something to think about可知，这部电影很精彩，故选：A。

第二节 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、BC三个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。

Nowadays， many people drive their cars to work. There are a lot of cars in the street and the ___11___is very busy. So sometimes ___12___is not easy for people to get to work on time. When you are going to be late, you only dream of taking a plane there. Can your dream___13___?
Yes! You can take a plane only in months!
Four engineers in Germany are___14___in making planes. They are making a newplane﹣Lilium jet. It doesn't look like a plane ___15___an egg. Many people think it looks funny and interesting. The great"egg"can take two people to the sky and ___16___three hundred kilometres in one hour. That's really great.
Some people call Lilium jet “a flying car”. Why? Firstly, it's not difficult for people to learn to drive it. People can drive it just like driving a car. But it can go ___17___and farther than a car. Secondly, Lilium jet is not very big, only a quarter of a plane. So it doesn't need an airport. Only a small place is OK. It can stop___18___. In the future, the"flying car"will come into people's life and ___19___our ways of trip.
Lilium jet will come on the market soon. ____20____you want to make your trip easy and funny, why not buy one? I'm sure you will have a good time on it.
11. A. traffic B. sky C. train
12. A. this B. that C. it
13. A. come on B. come back C. come true
14. A. bored B. interested C. disappointed
15. A. but B. and C. so
16. A. walk B. swim C. fly
17. A. slower B. faster C. earlier
18. A. where B. nowhere C. everywhere
19. A. change B. find C. lose
20. A. Unless B. If C. Whether
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【分析】
现在路上的车辆非常多，交通非常的拥挤，人们上班总是会迟到，如果有一架飞机就好了。这篇短文告诉我们这个梦想就要实现了，德国的工程师们研制了一种飞机，外形像个鸡蛋，这种飞机很容易驾驶，且停放方便，很快就要进入市场了，让我们期待它的到来吧。
【11题详解】
句意：大街上有许多车，因此交通繁忙。
考查名词辨析。traffic交通，车辆； sky天空；train火车。根据There are a lot of cars in the street可知，大街上有许多车，可知交通繁忙，故选：A。
【12题详解】
句意：因此，有时候按时上班是很难的。
考查代词辨析。this这个；that那个；it它。根据is not easy for people to get to work 可知，这是一个it作形式主语的句型，it is +形容词+to do，故选：C。
【13题详解】
句意：你的梦想能实现吗？
考查动词辨析。come on加油；come back返回； come true实现。根据your dream可知梦想实现，故选：C。
【14题详解】
句意：四位德国工程师对制造飞机感兴趣。
考查形容词辨析。bored厌烦的；interested感兴趣的；disappointed失望的。根据in making planes可知考查固定用法be interested in doing，对某事感兴趣．故选：B。
【15题详解】
句意：它看起来不像飞机而像一个鸡蛋。
考查连词辨析。but但是；so于是；and和，而且。根据 It doesn't look like a plane它看起来不像飞机，可知考查固定于法not…but不是…而是，故选：A。
【16题详解】
句意：这个巨大的“鸡蛋”可以带两个人在天上，每小时可以飞300公里。
考查动词辨析。walk走；swim游泳；fly飞行。根据to the sky到天上可知只有飞行，故选：C。
【17题详解】
句意：但是它比汽车运行的快，运行的远。
考查形容词辨析。slower较慢的；faster较快的；earlier较早的。根据three hundred kilometres in one hour可知，每小时可以飞300公里，性能比汽车好，因此也应该比汽车快，故选：B。
【18题详解】
句意：它可以停在任何地方。
考查代词辨析。where哪儿；nowhere任何地方都不；everywhere各处。根据 Only a small place is OK可知，只要一块小地方就可以，因此停放方便，故选：C。
【19题详解】
句意：在将来，这种飞行汽车将进入人们的生活，改变人们的旅行方式。
考查动词辨析。change改变； find发现；lose丢失。根据上文可知，这种飞行汽车速度快，飞行远，停放方便，因此可以改变人们的生活方式，故选：A。
【20题详解】
句意：如果你想让你的旅行变得极容易又有趣，为什么不买一台呢？
考查连词辨析。Unless除非；If如果；Whether是否。根据you want to make your trip easy and funny可知，你想让你的旅行变得极容易又有趣，表示买一台飞行车的条件，故选：B。
【点睛】这是一篇说明文，短文中介绍了德国工程师们研制的一种小型飞机，可以让人们避免路上拥挤的交通，再也不用担心上班会迟到。文章主题明确，叙述清晰，虽然是科普类的说明文，但是比较贴近实际生活，容易理解。题型是完形填空，考查学生们在具体语境中运用语言的能力，综合性较强。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然后根据上下文语境的提示做题，先易后难，注意空前后的固定搭配，并仔细辨析选项中单词的意思和用法；最后将答案代入原文，再读一遍，检查答案是否正确。例如第4小题，考查形容词辨析。bored厌烦的；interested感兴趣的；disappointed失望的。根据in making planes可知考查固定用法be interested in doing，对某事感兴趣．故选：B。再如第10小题，考查连词辨析。Unless除非；If如果；Whether是否。根据you want to make your trip easy and funny可知，你想让你的旅行变得极容易又有趣，表示买一台飞行车的条件，故选：B。

三、阅读理解
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A

In the Warring States Period, the State of Qin had a fight with the State of Zhao. Zhao needed some talented people to ask for help from Chu. Then Mao Sui﹣the man who believed he was the right person for this task came and recommended（推荐）himself. And he made the king of Chu send the army to help successfully. Zhao was safe. From then on, Mao Sui became a well﹣known hero of the state.

One day, Shang Yang put a thin wooden stick near the south gate of the capital of Qin. He promised to pay 10 gold pieces to anyone who could move it to the north gate. It was such a simple job that all the people thought Shang was joking. Then he added 40 more gold pieces. A man moved it and he really got 50 gold pieces. After that, the people of Qin believed Shang was a man of his word. So they all followed Shang's new laws later.

Wang Xizhi was one of the most famous calligraphers（书法家）during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. When he was very young, he practiced his art every day and never stopped.
One day, Wang Xizhi wrote in wood for an engraver（雕刻师）to cut. Then the engraver found the ink had penetrated （渗透）one centimeter into the wood. Now "Ru Mu San Fen" is often used to describe sharp ideas or useful views.

21. Where did Mao Sui come from according to this passage?　 　
A. The State of Qin
B. The State of Zhao
C. The State of Chu
22. Why did the people of Qin follow Shang Yang’s new laws?　 　
A. They believed in Shang Yang.
B. They were afraid of Shang Yang.
C. Shang Yang gave them gold pieces.
23. What is "Ru Mu San Fen" often used to describe now?　 　
A. A man of his word
B. Sharp ideas or useful views
C. A well﹣known hero of the state
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B
【解析】
这篇短文给我们讲述了毛遂自荐、立木取信以及入木三分这三个成语的由来，讲述了这几个成语背后的历史故事。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一篇故事Zhao needed some talented people to ask for help from Chu. Then Mao Sui﹣the man who believed he was the right person for this task came and recommended （推荐）himself可知，赵国需要一些有才华的人，于是来向楚国求援，毛遂认为自己是这项任务的合适人选，所以他来推荐自己。由此可知毛遂是赵国人，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二篇故事After that, the people of Qin believed Shang was a man of his word. So they all followed Shang's new laws later可知，之后，秦国人民相信商鞅是一个可以相信的人，所以后来他们都遵守了商的新法律，由此可知选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三篇故事最后一句Now "Ru Mu San Fen" is often used to describe sharp ideas or useful views可知， 现在，“入木三分”经常被用来形容尖锐的想法或有用的观点。由此可知应选B。

B

How do people find their ways? At first, people did it by looking at the sun, the moon and stars. Later, we started to use the compass（指南针）. Today, there are navigation satellite systems.
A navigation satellite system uses groups of satellites. They send information to a receiver, such as your smart phone. Then they can find where you are.
The earliest navigation system is the Global （全球的） Positioning System（GPS）of the United States. The US has put 24 satellites into space to make sure GPS can locate a person correctly and globally. Russia's GLONASS and European Union's Galileo can also work globally.
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System （BDS）is China's homegrown navigation system. It was set up in 2000. With it, China became the third country to build a navigation system after the US and Russia.
BeiDou can find you wherever you are. It helps you go faster by finding shortcuts and using correct directions. When you are in trouble and call the police, they will know exactly where you are if you have a smart phone that uses BeiDou.
Today, there are more than 20 BeiDou satellites above our head. And the system is able to offer open services to the Asia﹣Pacific area.
China plans to send more BeiDou 3 satellites into space. BeiDou﹣3's position accuracy（精确度） is less than five meters. By 2020, the BeiDou system will have 35 satellites and begin serving Globally.
24. How did people find their ways at first according to this passage?　 　
A. By looking at the sun, the moon and stars.
B. By using the navigation satellite systems.
C. By looking at the compass.
25. How many navigation satellite systems are mentioned in the passage?　 　
A. Two B. Three C. Four
26. What does the underlined word"locate "in the third paragraph mean? 　 　
A. 位于 B. 设置 C. 定位
27. What do you know about the BeiDou system?　 　
A. It was set up before GPS
B. It will begin serving globally by 2020.
C. There are less than 20 BeiDou satellites today.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B
【解析】
人们怎样辨别方向和定位呢？最早的时候，人们是利用太阳、月亮和星星来辨别方向，后来使用指南针。而现在人们可以使用卫星导航系统。这篇短文给我们介绍了咱们中国的北斗卫星导航系统，这个系统可以准确地帮助我们辨别方向和进行定位。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第一段中At first, people did it by looking at the sun, the moon and stars可知，起初人们通过观察太阳、月亮和星星来做到这一点，由此可知选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文第三段中The earliest navigation system is the Global （全球） Positioning System（GPS）of the United States. Russia's GLONASS and European Union's Galileo can also work globally.可知，这里提到了GPS、 GLONASS和Galileo三个；再加上中国的BDS，一共是四个，故答案是C。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据短文第二段中A navigation satellite system uses groups of satellites. They send information to a receiver, such as your smart phone. Then they can find where you are可知，导航系统可以找到我们在什么地方，即“定位”。第三段中The US has put 24 satellites into space to make sure GPS can locate a person correctly and globally提到的是美国的导航系统，这一系统能够准确地定位一个人。由此可知locate这个单词的意思是“定位”，故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文最后一段By 2020, the BeiDou system will have 35 satellites and begin serving Globally可知，到2020年，北斗系统将拥有35颗卫星，并开始向全球服务。由此可知答案是B。

C
Writing is a much newer invention than talking. Nobody knows when people first began to talk, but so far as we know, they did not begin to write until seven or eight thousand years ago.

In Egypt, Mesopotamia, and China, and later in Palestine and Greece, people began to make marks and pictures with sticks and sharp stones from which others, or they themselves later could see what they had thought.
These early records were the beginning of writing. The first writing was picture writing. Here are some early Chinese picture words. Can you see what they represent （代表）?

Later Chinese writing is less like pictures than the earlier writing was, but we can see the pictures in some of its words. For example：

In picture writing, each picture represents a word; you need a different picture or mark for each word. In present﹣day Chinese writing most of the marks are not pictures of anything, and a reader has to learn how the Chinese write about two thousand of these words before being able to read a newspaper.
With some of these marks you may be able to see what the idea is. For example：
The sun and