2023年北京市中考英语真题(解析版).docx
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2023年北京市初中学业水平考试 时间: 90 分钟 满分: 60分 第一部分 本部分共33题, 共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中, 选出最符合题目要求的一项。 一、单项填空 (每题0. 5分, 共6分) 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项 1. My sister enjoys singing and ________ favorite subject is music. A. his B. her C. your D. their 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意:我妹妹喜欢唱歌,她最喜欢的科目是音乐。 考查代词辨析。his他的;her她的;your你的;their他们的。根据“My sister enjoys singing”可知此处指“我妹妹”最喜欢的科目,用her。故选B。 2. It’s a good idea to visit Beijing ________ October. A. at B. on C. in D. to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意:在十月份参观北京是个好主意。 考查时间介词。at后接具体时刻等;on后接具体某一天等;in后接年月等;to到。根据“October”可知此处表示在十月,用介词in。故选C。 3. —Must I stay here and wait for you? —No you ________. You can go home now. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意:——我必须待在这里等你吗?——不,你不需要。你现在可以回家。 考查动词辨析。needn’t不需要;can’t不能;mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该。根据“Must I stay here and wait for you?”可知,用情态动词must提问,其否定回答应用needn’t表示“不需要”。故选A。 4. —Which do you like ________, swimming or skating? —Swimming. A. well B. better C. best D. the best 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意:——你更喜欢哪一个,游泳还是滑冰?——游泳。 考查副词比较级。根据“swimming or skating”可知两者相比较,此处用比较级better。故选B。 5. —________ do you tidy your own room? —Twice a week. A. How often B. How soon C. How much D. How long 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意:——你多久整理一次你自己的房间?——一周两次。 考查疑问词组。How often多久一次;How soon多久以后;How much多少(钱);How long多久。根据“Twice a week.”可知询问频率,用How often提问。故选A。 6. It was difficult to climb the mountain, ________ Sam got to the top at last. A. or B. so C. for D. but 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意:爬山很困难,但是Sam最终还是到达了山顶。 考查从属连词辨析。or或者,否则;so因此;for因为;but但是。根据空前“It was difficult to climb the mountain”和空格后“Sam got to the top at last”可知前后分句为转折关系,应用表示转折关系的连词but来连接。故选D。 7. —Lucy, what are you doing? —I ________ a model ship. A. make B. made C. am making D. was making 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意:——露西,你在干什么?——我正在制作一个轮船模型。 考查现在进行时。根据“what are you doing?”可知句子应用现在进行时来回答,其谓语结构为:am/is/are+现在分词。故选C。 8. The Shenzhou-15 astronauts ________ to Earth safely on June 4, 2023. A. return B. returned C. will return D. have returned 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意:神舟15号宇航员于2023年6月4日安全返回地球。 考查时态。根据“on June 4, 2023”可知是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语用过去式returned。故选B。 9. If you go to the concert with us tomorrow, you ________ a great time there. A. have B. had C. will have D. have had 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意:如果你明天和我们一起去听音乐会,你会玩得很开心的。 考查时态。if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则,主句用一般将来时,其结构为will do。故选C。 10. Eric ________ many things since he became interested in science. A. is learning B. was learning C. will learn D. has learned 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意:自从Eric对科学感兴趣以来,他已经学习了很多东西。 考查现在完成时。根据“since he became interested in science”可知,句子应用现在完成时,其谓语结构:have/has+过去分词。故选D。 11. The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________ every year. A. are planted B. were planted C. plant D. planted 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意:这个公园变得越来越美丽因为每年都有更多种花被种。 考查时态和语态。主语“more kinds of flowers”与动词plant之间是动宾关系,结合“every year”可知用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为am/is/are done。故选A。 12. —Lily, can you tell me ________ during the Dragon Boat Festival this year? —Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race. A. what you will do B. what you did C. what will you do D. what did you do 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意:——莉莉,你能告诉我今年端午节你做了什么吗?——确定。我们吃了粽子,看了赛龙舟。 考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语,用宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序,排除CD;主现从不限,结合“We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race.”可知,从句用一般过去时,排除A。故选B。 二、完形填空 (每题1分, 共8分) 阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。 Be What’s Missing Where was that cashier (收银员)? Impatient, I quickly looked at my watch. I hardly had enough time to eat a sandwich and rush back to work. I looked around the nearly empty ____13____, but the cashier was nowhere in sight. A woman stood wiping (擦) the far end of the counter. She looked at me coldly with sad, dark eyes. I ____14____, getting angry. I’d been standing there for at least three minutes! Controlling my anger, I remembered Mom’s words. “Whenever you find yourself in an unpleasant situation, just think about what is missing. If someone is unkind, then kindness is missing. If someone is hateful, then ____15____ is missing. If we will be what’s missing, then we’ll provide whatever the situation needs.” And here I was in an unpleasant situation. How should I “be what’s missing”? What was missing was ____16____. Maybe I should just jump behind the counter and take my own order. Just then the woman walked slowly towards me. “May I help you?” she asked, still ____17____. She looked so tired. No doubt, she was overworked. I took a deep breath. With Mom’s words ringing in my head, I gave the woman my order ... and smiled. “How are you today?” My question seemed to ____18____ her. She eyed me for a second before answering. “Not too good.” “I’m sorry.” I said. “I hope it gets better starting right now.” She almost smiled as she looked at me. “Thanks. I hope you’re right.” I thought to myself as I ate my sandwich. We’re all the same, really. We have problems and angers, we get tired and we hurt. We need to be ____19____ to each other. After eating, I wiped the table cleaner than usual, and put the tray (托盘) back nicely on the stand. The woman was watching me, a big smile on her face. “Be what’s missing.” It ____20____. 13. A. restaurant B. street C. school D. office 14. A. agreed B. finished C. waited D. left 15. A. trust B. love C. patience D. confidence 16. A. hope B. advice C. money D. service 17. A. nervously B. carefully C. coldly D. kindly 18. A. disappoint B. hurt C. trouble D. surprise 19. A. nicer B. cooler C. closer D. fairer 20. A. said B. worked C. read D. ended 【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在快餐店吃饭时,因为迟迟没有人点单而生气,但是想到了妈妈的话他决定对别人友善一些。他认为我们每个人都是一样的,有烦恼会生气 ,会累也会受伤,因此我们需要更耐心地对待他人。 【13题详解】 句意:我环顾了几乎空荡的餐厅,但收银员不在视线内。 restaurant餐厅;street街道;school学校;office办公室。根据上文“I hardly had enough time to eat a sandwich and rush back to work.”并结合空后“but the cashier was nowhere in sight”可推断出作者需要出来吃点东西,然后回去工作,应是环顾餐厅。故选A。 【14题详解】 句意:我在等待中变得生气。 agreed同意;finished完成;waited等待;left留下。根据后文“I’d been standing there for at least three minutes! ”可知此处指的是在等待中变得生气。故选C。 【15题详解】 句意:如果一个人是讨厌的,那么爱不见了。 trust相信;love爱;patience耐心;confidence自信心。根据前文“If some one is unkind, then kindness is missing.”可知unkind和kindness为对应关系,结合空前“If someone is hateful”与hateful对应的词为love,故选B。 【16题详解】 句意:不见的是服务。 hope希望;advice建议;money钱;service 服务。根据空后“Maybe I should just jump behind the counter and take my own order. ”可推知此处指的是服务。故选D。 【17题详解】 句意:“我可以帮你吗?”她仍然冷漠地问。 nervously紧张地;carefully仔细地;coldly冷漠地;kindly友善地。根据第二段最后一句“She looked at me coldly with sad, dark eyes.”可知此处是coldly的同词复现,对应空格前的“still”,意思是她仍然冷漠地问。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意:我的问题似乎使她惊讶。 disappoint使失望;hurt使受伤;trouble使烦恼;surprise使惊讶。根据后文“She eyed me for a second before answering.”可推知作者的问题似乎使她惊讶。故选D。 【19题详解】 句意:我们需要对彼此更友善。 nicer更友善的;closer更近的;cooler更冷漠的;fairer更公正的。根据前文“We’re all the same, really. We have problems and angers, we get tired and we hurt.”可推知需要对彼此更友善。故选A。 【20题详解】 句意:“成为缺失的东西。”它凑效了。 said说;worked工作,奏效;read阅读;ended结束。根据“The woman was watching me, a big smile on her face.”可推知作者以善良应对冷漠,最终奏效了。故选B。 三、阅读理解 (每题2分, 共26分) (一) 阅读下列课程介绍, 请根据人物喜好和需求匹配最适合的课程, 并将课程所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Short Art Courses A. Wild Art This course is about drawing and painting. You’ll use your new skills to make a wall poster of animals. And we’ve got lots of picture books to give you ideas. B. Art Matters This course teaches you different drawing skills. We’ll get you to draw the latest styles of clothes. If you like designing clothes and want to study it at college, join us! C. Creative Art This course is about making bags to keep your sports clothes in. We provide lots of materials. And you’ll visit art museums to get some creative ideas. D. Art Magic This course is about telling good stories in pictures. There’ll be cartoon films to watch and instruction in how to draw your favorite characters. 21. ________ I’m interested in designing clothes and want to study it at college. Alice 22. ________ I enjoy making wall posters of animals and I’d like to read picture books. Tony 23. ________ I like making hags and want to visit art museums to get creative ideas. Harry 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个短期美术课程,并为三个孩子匹配适合他们的课程。 【21题详解】 根据“I’m interested in designing clothes and want to study it at college.”可知爱丽丝对设计衣服感兴趣,想要在大学学习设计衣服,B项“艺术很重要 本课程教你不同的绘画技巧。我们会让你画最新款式的衣服。如果你喜欢服装设计,想在大学里学习它,加入我们吧!”与之匹配。故选B。 【22题详解】 根据“I enjoy making wall posters of animals and I’d like to read picture books.”可知托尼喜欢制作动物海报和读图画书,A项“野生的艺术 这门课程是关于素描和绘画的。你将使用你的新技能制作一幅动物海报。我们有很多图画书可以给你灵感。”与之匹配。故选A。 【23题详解】 根据“I like making hags and want to visit art museums to get creative ideas.”可知哈里喜欢制作包,并且想要参观艺术博物馆来寻找创作灵感,C项“创造性的艺术 这门课程是关于制作包来装你的运动服。我们提供很多材料。你还可以参观艺术博物馆,获得一些创意。”与之匹配。故选C。 (二) 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择最佳选项。 B Betty was excited to show her brother David the basket filled with seashells. But David was busy helping Dad get everything back into the car. “What are you going to do with those useless things?” he said. “You can’t take them home.” “But I want these seashells,” Betty said unhappily. “Each one is a different shape and size. They are all special.” Suddenly, David saw the water rising along the beach. He shouted to Betty, “The waves (海浪)are about to take your toys!” As Betty ran to get her things, she called to David, “Please put my seashells into the car!” David was putting one of the beach chairs into the car when his foot accidentally knocked over the basket. As David lifted a heavy box, he slipped(滑倒)and dropped the box right on top of the seashells, breaking most of them into pieces. Betty came back with her toys. When she saw her seashells broken, she began to cry. David started to pick up the seashells and place them carefully back into the basket. Dad tried to explain to Betty that it was an accident. But Betty was still upset. David also felt sad. He thought about what he could do to make it up to his sister. When he got home, he had a perfect idea. The next morning David waited for Betty with the basket of seashells and some strong glue. He also had a framed(装框的)photo of the two of them. Together they looked through the basket and found several seashells that were not broken and could still be used. Then they glued the seashells to the frame. “I’m really sorry, Betty.” David said. “Yesterday I was very careless with something special to you.” Betty looked at her brother and smiled. “You’re the best big brother ever!” 24. What did Betty think of the seashells? A. Clean. B. Useless. C. Expensive. D. Special. 25. Betty began to cry when ________. A. she slipped and hurt herself B. she knocked over the basket C. she saw the broken seashells D. she told her dad about the accident 26. David glued the seashells to the frame to ________. A. make it up to his sister B. develop his painting skill C. prepare a gift for his dad D. make the picture beautiful 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Betty一家去海边玩,回家的时候 Betty捡了一筐贝壳但是被她的哥哥David不小心弄碎了,Betty很沮丧,第二天 David为了表示自己的歉意,主动提出把几个完好无损的贝壳粘在装有他们两个相片的相框边。Betty原谅了David,认为 David 永远是最棒的哥哥。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Each one is a different shape and size. They are all special.”可知,Betty觉得那些贝壳很特别。故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When she saw her seashells broken, she began to cry.”可知,当她看到贝壳碎了,她开始哭泣起来。故选C。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“He thought about what he could do to make it up to his sister. When he got home, he had a perfect idea.”可知David把贝壳粘在相框上是为了补偿她的妹妹。故选A。 C Do you know that over 1/3 of all food produced in the world goes to waste? According to the United Nations (UN), every year around the world, about one billion (十亿) tons of food is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly one billion people who go hungry. Simply 1/4 of the food wasted is enough to keep them out of hunger. In addition, the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), which speeds up climate (气候) change. What can we do to solve this food waste problem? One effective solution is balancing food production with demand (需求). In hotels and other similar places, special instruments should be used so that cooking specialists just prepare and cook food as it is ordered. Another effective solution is starting programs to reduce (减少) food waste. Stores and buyers can try their best to be creative in food waste reduction. For example, stores can provide customers with instructions telling them how to make full use of food. Buyers can try not fixing their eyes only on food of the best quality (质量). Sometimes, the food of non-top quality is also good enough to eat, or can be bought and then used to make delicious dishes. One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan of their own so that less food is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use of meal plans in preparing food can play an important role in ending food waste in the family. Food recycling is one of the known solutions. Efforts are now already in progress. Food that is not safe for humans to eat is recycled into other products such as animal feeds and clothing. Yet, there is still a long way to go and much for improvement in this area. In a word, food waste has been one of the biggest problems in the world that have influenced us greatly. Many solutions have been found and many more are yet to be worked out. If each of us can put in more efforts, food waste is sure to be reduced for the good of our future. 27. According to the passage, what is a possible result of food waste? A. The problem of worldwide hunger. B. A big increase in food production. C The speed-up of climate change. D. A sudden drop in population. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. Food recycling has been hugely successful. B. Buyers should give up non-top quality food. C. Stores should train people to make delicious dishes. D. Meal plans in the family are hard to put into practice. 29. What is the passage mainly about? A. Benefits of reducing food waste. B. Solutions to the food waste problem. C. The importance of fighting food waste. D. The attitude to the food waste problem. 【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食物浪费的现状以及四个解决食物浪费问题的方法,并得出结论:如果我们每个人都做出努力,食物浪费问题一定会有所改善。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In addition, the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), which speeds up climate change.”可知食物浪费可能造成的一个结果是气候变化的加速。故选C。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan of their own so that less food is wasted.”可知家庭的膳食计划很难付诸实施。故选D。 【29题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“What can we do to solve this food waste problem?”以及通读全文可知主要介绍了四种解决食物浪费问题的方法。故选B。 D When considering the kind of experience that makes life better, most people first think that happiness depends on experiencing pleasure: good food, good jobs, all the comforts that money can buy. If we couldn’t have these, we might as well sit in front of the television on a quiet eveni- 配套讲稿:
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4、如你看到网页展示的文档有www.zixin.com.cn水印,是因预览和防盗链等技术需要对页面进行转换压缩成图而已,我们并不对上传的文档进行任何编辑或修改,文档下载后都不会有水印标识(原文档上传前个别存留的除外),下载后原文更清晰;试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓;PPT和DOC文档可被视为“模板”,允许上传人保留章节、目录结构的情况下删减部份的内容;PDF文档不管是原文档转换或图片扫描而得,本站不作要求视为允许,下载前自行私信或留言给上传者【Fis****915】。
5、本文档所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用;网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽--等)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
6、文档遇到问题,请及时私信或留言给本站上传会员【Fis****915】,需本站解决可联系【 微信客服】、【 QQ客服】,若有其他问题请点击或扫码反馈【 服务填表】;文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“【 版权申诉】”(推荐),意见反馈和侵权处理邮箱:1219186828@qq.com;也可以拔打客服电话:4008-655-100;投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100。
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2、文档的总页数、文档格式和文档大小以系统显示为准(内容中显示的页数不一定正确),网站客服只以系统显示的页数、文件格式、文档大小作为仲裁依据,个别因单元格分列造成显示页码不一将协商解决,平台无法对文档的真实性、完整性、权威性、准确性、专业性及其观点立场做任何保证或承诺,下载前须认真查看,确认无误后再购买,务必慎重购买;若有违法违纪将进行移交司法处理,若涉侵权平台将进行基本处罚并下架。
3、本站所有内容均由用户上传,付费前请自行鉴别,如您付费,意味着您已接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不进行额外附加服务,虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(未进行购买下载可退充值款),文档一经付费(服务费)、不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
4、如你看到网页展示的文档有www.zixin.com.cn水印,是因预览和防盗链等技术需要对页面进行转换压缩成图而已,我们并不对上传的文档进行任何编辑或修改,文档下载后都不会有水印标识(原文档上传前个别存留的除外),下载后原文更清晰;试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓;PPT和DOC文档可被视为“模板”,允许上传人保留章节、目录结构的情况下删减部份的内容;PDF文档不管是原文档转换或图片扫描而得,本站不作要求视为允许,下载前自行私信或留言给上传者【Fis****915】。
5、本文档所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用;网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽--等)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
6、文档遇到问题,请及时私信或留言给本站上传会员【Fis****915】,需本站解决可联系【 微信客服】、【 QQ客服】,若有其他问题请点击或扫码反馈【 服务填表】;文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“【 版权申诉】”(推荐),意见反馈和侵权处理邮箱:1219186828@qq.com;也可以拔打客服电话:4008-655-100;投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100。
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