湖南省株洲市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

株洲市2021年初中学业水平考试
英语试题卷
满分150分，120分钟完卷
第二部分 知识运用(共两节，计25分)
第一节 语法填空(共10个小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的答案填空。
1. On July 1st, we’ll celebrate the ________ birthday of the CPC.
A. hundredth B. hundred C. hundreds
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：在7月1日，我们将庆祝中国共产党成立100周年。
考查序数词。hundredth 第100，序数词；hundred 100，基数词；hundreds100，基数词复数形式。根据“we’ll celebrate the … birthday of the CPC”可知，此处指第100周年，用序数词表顺序，故选A。
2. We ________ carry forward the spirit of serving the people whole-heartedly.
A. might B. should C. could
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们要发扬全心全意为人民服务的精神。
考查情态动词辨析。might可能；should应该；could可能，能够。根据“We … carry forward the spirit of serving the people whole-heartedly”可知，应该发扬这种精神，用should表示责任和义务，故选B。
3. The Monkey King can make 72 changes ________ his shape and size.
A. on B. in C. to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：孙悟空可以对他的形状和大小做出72种改变。
考查介词辨析。on在……上；in在……里；to到。固定搭配：make changes to“对……做出改变”，故选C。
4. ________ cute and lovely the babies are! I will take care of them like they’re my own babies.
A. What B. What a C. How
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：这些婴儿多可爱啊！我会像照顾自己的孩子一样照顾他们。
考查感叹句。此句是感叹句，中心词cute and lovely是形容词，用how引导的感叹句结构：how+形容词+主谓，故选C。
5. This TV program discusses where the best tea leaves ________.
A. were produced B. have produced C. produced
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：这个电视节目讨论最好的茶叶是在哪里生产的。
考查一般过去时被动语态。主语the best tea leaves与produce是被动关系，且“茶叶生产”这个动作是发生在过去，故从句要用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，故选A。
6. Don’t play with the knife, or you’ll cut ________.
A. itself B. yourself C. himself
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：别玩刀子，不然你会割伤自己的。
考查反身代词。itself它自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己。反身代词应与主语you在人称上保持一致，所以此空应填yourself，故选B。
7. The active ladies like music ________ they can dance to.
A. that B. where C. who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：活跃的女士们喜欢可以随着音乐跳舞的音乐。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词music指物，在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句，故选A。
8. XiaoYun, the ________ child was just born. His two elder sisters are at school.
A. younger B. youngest C. older
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：最小的孩子小云刚刚出生。他的两个姐姐都在上学。
考查形容词最高级。younger更年轻的；youngest最年轻的；older更老的。根据“His two elder sisters are at school”可知，与另两个姐姐相比是最小的小孩，用形容词最高级youngest，故选B。
9. Look! All the students ________ English poems. Please take a photo for the parents.
A. are reading B. have read C. read
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：看，所有的学生正在读英语诗歌。请为父母拍一张照片。
考查动词的时态。根据“look”可知句子讲述的是正在发生的事，用现在进行时，谓语动词用“are reading”。故选A。
10. All the students in Grade Three are going to ________ the banks of the Xiangjiang River.
A. turn up B. give up C. clean up
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：三年级的所有学生将清理湘江的江岸。
考查动词短语。turn up调高；give up放弃；clean up清理。根据“the banks of the Xiangjiang River”可知表达“清理，清除污染物”，用动词短语“clean up”。故选C。
第二节 完形填空(共10个小题，每小题2分，满分20分)
Alison is my best friend. Her family won a 5-day stay in a mountain house. Her mom and dad said I could join. A few weeks later, we ___11___.
“What a great place!” Alison’s dad said.
“It’s looking like a little cloudy,” said Alison’s mom, looking at the sky.
As you might have guessed, the clouds did mean ___12___. LOTS of rain.
“I guess we’ll have to find something else to do,”said Alison.
We ___13___ a couple of board games and a pack of cards. At first it was fun, ___14___ we ended up playing those games for about 30 hours, stopping only to eat and sleep!
“I can not play anymore,” I said on the third day. “How about we just read by ourselves for a while?”
“I have a better idea,” said Alison. “How about we ___15___ instead?”
“I think a little quiet time would be nice,” I said, opening a book I had brought.
“Oh, come on! Don’t be ___16___. I’ll pick the first song,” Alison started singing.
“Could you please leave me alone?” I snapped (怒气冲冲地说).
“Wow! Happily!” she sapped hack. “How about we both leave each other alone forever?!”
This makes me think of the expression “too much of a good thing”. Alison’s dad said “You know how one piece of cake tastes ___17___, but 10 pieces of cake is too much? Spending every second with anyone—even your favorite person—is like ___18___ too much cake.”
“I guess that makes sense,” Alison said. She looked at ___19___. “I’m sorry for not understanding.”
“I’m sorry for snapping at you,” I said.
The weather got way better on the fourth day, so we actually got to go outside. The hiking was really fun! The happiest part of all is that Alison and I are still great ___20___. We just make sure to give each other some peace when we need it.
11. A. arrived B. left C. ran
12. A. snow B. rain C. wind
13. A. stole B. drew C. found
14. A. so B. but C. and
15. A. sing B. read C. write
16. A. surprising B. exciting C. boring
17. A. smelly B. delicious C. bitter
18. A. eating B. buying C. making
19. A. her B. him C. me
20. A. friends B. students C. players
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】本文主要讲述了作者跟好朋友Alison一家人去山里的小屋度假，在度假过程中明白了朋友之间应该如何相处。
【11题详解】
句意：几个星期后，我们到了。
arrived到达；left离开；ran跑步。根据“Her family won a 5-day stay in a mountain house. Her mom and dad said I could join”可知，作者和好朋友的家人都到了山上的小屋，故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：你可能已经猜到了，这些云确实意味着要下雨。
snow下雪；rain下雨；wind刮风。根据“LOTS of rain”可知，有云彩意味着要下雨，故选B。
【13题详解】
句意：我们找到了几个棋盘游戏和一副纸牌。
stole偷；drew画画；found找到。根据“a couple of board games and a pack of cards”可知，找到了棋盘游戏和纸牌，故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：一开始很有趣，但最终我们花了30个小时玩这些游戏。
so所以；but但是；and和。“At first it was fun”与“we ended up playing those games for about 30 hours”是转折关系，故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：我们来唱歌怎么样？
sing唱歌；read阅读；write写作。根据“Alison started singing”可知，Alison提议唱歌，故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：别这么无聊。
surprising惊讶的；exciting兴奋的；boring无聊的。作者提议看书，但是Alison提议唱歌，因为她认为看书太无聊，故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：你知道一块蛋糕尝起来是多么美味。
smelly有臭味的；delicious美味的；bitter苦的。根据“but 10 pieces of cake is too much”可知，只品尝一块蛋糕是非常美味的，如果10块蛋糕就多了，故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：每一秒都和任何人在一起——即使是你最喜欢的人——就像吃了太多的蛋糕。
eating吃；buying买；making制作。根据“You know how one piece of cake tastes…, but 10 pieces of cake is too much”可知，把和朋友待在一起的时光与吃蛋糕作比较，故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：她看着我。
her她；him他；me我。根据““I’m sorry for snapping at you,” I said.”可知，Alison是对着作者，也就是“我”说的这句话，故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：最幸福的是我和Alison仍然是好朋友。
friends朋友；students学生；players运动员。根据“The happiest part of all is that Alison and I are still great”可知，作者庆幸和Alison还仍然是朋友，故选A。
第三部分 阅读技能(共20个小题：每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下面的材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
A

ENGLISH DAY
June 22 (All day)
Yangzhou Middle School
Different English activities in different places

All the teachers are volunteers.
Sam (Foreign teacher) Miss Li, Miss Chen and Mr. Zhang
Topic: English songs Topic: Reading
Place: Playground Place: Classrooms
Miss Ya, Miss Peng and Miss He Miss Liu
Topic: Spoken English Topic: English poems
Place: Under the trees Place: In the pavilion

21. How many teachers will teach?
A. Four B. Seven. C. Eight.
22. This picture mainly introduces an ________.
A. English day B. English class C. English corner
【答案】21. C 22. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了英语学习日的时间，活动的参与老师，话题和地点。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Sam (Foreign teacher)     Miss Li, Miss Chen and Mr. Zhang”及“Miss Ya, Miss Peng and Miss He   Miss Liu”可知有八名老师。故选C。
【22题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“ENGLISH DAY”可知主要介绍了英语学习日的时间，活动的参与老师，话题和地点。故选A。
B

23. What do people spend the most time on?
A. PCs. B. Printed books. C. Smartphones.
24. How many parts does the table cover?
A. 6. B. 7. C. 11.
25. The table mainly tells us people’s reading ________.
A. habits B. levels C. methods
【答案】23. C 24. B 25. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章用图表介绍人们的阅读时间安排，介绍了7种不同的阅读方式的时间差异。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据图片上“Reading on smartphones”及柱状图上的数字 “74”，可知手机阅读花的时间最多。故选C。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据图表可知概括了7个方面的数据。故选B。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据标题“time spent on reading”可知文章介绍的是人们的阅读时间的比例。A选项 “习惯”符合。故选A。
C
Food is a kind of culture. It’s a nation’s memory and pride. The famous French baguette (长棍面包) is one of their memories and prides. French people think it should be protected. “It is much more than just a kind of bread. It is a symbol of France—it’s like the Eiffel Tower,” said Dominigue Anract, president of the Confederation of French Bakers.
So it’s no wonder that a group of French cooks want the baguette to become a form of intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) listed by UNESCO. French culture leaders have given a suggestion to the country’s president.
UNESCO’s intangible heritage list aims to protect culture from the influence of the world. Cooks in France believe that if the baguette is on the list it will be better protected. The list already includes Belgian beer and Neapolitan pizza.
The baguette has been protected by law since 1993. The law says the bread must be made with only the following things: water, wheat flour, yeast and salt. The flour should be fermented (发酵) for I5 to 20 hours at a certain temperature. This strict rule makes the food special and delicious.
Six million baguettes are sold every day in France. However, as supermarkets continue to take over, tens of thousands of shops have closed since the 1950s. “The first thing we ask of a child is to go buy a baguette,” Anract said. “We think it important to protect these habits.”
26. Who is Anract?
A. President of the Confederation of French Bakers.
B. President of UNESCO.
C. Manager of a supermarket.
27. The cooks want the baguette to be on the list because it will _______.
A. be better cooked
B. become a symbol of France
C. be better protected
28. The baguette has been protected by law since ________.
A. 1950 B. 1993 C. 2020
29. How many baguettes are sold every day in France?
A. Six million. B. Ten thousand. C. Six thousand.
30. The passage mainly tells us _______.
A. what the symbol of France is
B. how to make France’s famous bread
C. France’s famous bread should be protected
【答案】26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述的是法国人认为法国的长棍面包不仅仅是一种面包，也是法国的象征，它应该被保护。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Dominigue Anract, president of the Confederation of French Bakers” 可知“Anract”是法国面包师联合会的主席。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ if the baguette is on the list, it will be better protected.”可知长棍面包被列入非物质文化遗产的话，就可以被保护。故选C 。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The baguette has been protected by law since 1993”可知自从1993年长棍面包就被法律保护。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Six million baguettes are sold every day in France”可知每天有六百万的长棍面包在法国被卖。故选A。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“French people think it should be protected”可知文章讲述的是法国人认为法国的长棍面包不仅仅是一种面包，也是法国的象征，它应该被保护。C选项“France’s famous bread should be protected法国著名的长棍面包应该被保护”符合。故选C。
D
If you’ve ever walked through fog (雾), you might have noticed that your skin and hair get wet. This is because fog is made of tiny water drops. Scientists are helping people collect these drops to make drinking water.
In some towns, there is no fresh water. People there have to use trucks to carry fresh water. It is expensive.
Since rain falls to the ground, it can easily be collected into tanks (水箱). But the water drops that make up fog don’t hit the ground. Instead, they float (漂浮) in the air. To turn fog into water, you have to catch the water drops.
A fog catcher is made of nets with two posts. The nets are usually set up on a hilltop. As fog passes by, the nets catch the water drops. The drops run down the nets and into channels. The channels lead the water into large tanks where it can be stored. A fog catcher can collect 10,000 liters of water a day. Scientists have helped set up fog catchers for towns in Chile, Nepal and Mexico.
Fog catchers are a great way for people in small and lonely towns to have their own fresh water. Centuries before scientists created fog-catching nets, nature was making fog into water on its own. As fog passed through the mountains, large leaves got the drops just like the nets do. People learned to drink the water collected on the leaves. Thanks to modern fog catchers, enough water can be made for a whole town!
31. What does the word “It” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Trucks’ carrying. B. Rain collecting. C. Fog catching
32. What is a fog catcher made of?
A. Tanks. B. Leaves. C. Nets.
33. A fog catcher can collect ________ of water a day.
A. 1,000 liters B. 10,000 liters C. 11,000 liters
34. Centuries ago people learned to drink the water collected _______.
A in channels B. on the nets C. on the leaves
35. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Catching Fog B. Catching Rain C. Catching Snow
【答案】31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述现代的雾捕捉器可以收集水滴，为城镇的人提供足够的水。
【31题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“People there have to use trucks to carry fresh water”人们必须使用卡车来运淡水，可知“it”指的是卡车的运输。故选A。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A fog catcher is made of nets”可知雾收集器是由网制成的。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A fog catcher can collect 10,000 liters of water a day”可知一天可以收集一万公升的水。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“People learned to drink the water collected on the leaves”可知人们过去学会喝从树叶上收集的水。故选C。
【35题详解】
标题概括题。根据第三段“To turn fog into water, you have to catch the water drops”及最后一段“Thanks to modern fog catchers, enough water can be made for a whole town”可知文章主要讲述现代的雾捕捉器可以收集水滴，为城镇的人提供足够的水。A选项“Catching Fog捕捉雾”适合。故选A。
E
“Mom! I found one! I found a rock!”
I heard those words again and again last summer as I sat by the window, which faces a park in the small town where I live.
The Kindness Rocks Project, which was started a few years ago by a mom in Massachusetts, has spread around the world. Kids, families, and people of all ages are taking part in painting rocks, hiding rocks, and finding painted rocks all over the place. Some post photos of the rocks on social media (传媒), and others simply move the rocks for someone else to find. Some take the rocks home and then replace them with new ones that they created and hid.
Nine-year-old twins Harry and Hannah DeVrieze have painted hundreds of rocks with their parents. Most evenings, the family and their small dog walk around with a wagon (运货车) full of rocks that they hide as they walk.
“It’s a fun family activity,” Hannah says.
“We will do it in the winter too,” Hannah says.
Ben Burinsky, age nine, and his brother, Luke, age seven, were visiting relatives (亲戚) when they found their first painted rock in a park. They were so excited that they went home and painted their own rocks, then hid them for others to find.
“My boys loved finding the rock in the park, especially since it was a superhero,” their mother, Judy Burinsky, says. “I love how something so small can bring a smile to my children’s faces. In return, they learn the value of giving back to others.”
Kadyn Kinney, age nine, and his seven-year-old brother, Jayce, have also painted many rocks. They love to hide rocks and look for rocks with their mom and dad. When their grandmother visited, they gave her painted rocks to take home and hide in the Florida town where she lives. When asked how many rocks he has painted so far, Jayce says, “Trust me! I’ve painted more than 30.”
36. The activity was started in ________.
A. New York B. Florida C. Massachusetts
37. How old is Harry?
A. 7. B. 9. C. 10.
38. What does the underlined word “value” in Paragraph 8 mean?
A. 价值 B. 价格 C. 代价
39. Jayce has painted more than ________ rocks.
A. 14 B. 18 C. 30
40. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The kind people. B. The Kin