江苏省南京市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

南京市2021年初中学业水平考试
英语
注意事项：
1.本试卷共8页。全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。
2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. We are going to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China ________ July 1st, 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们将在2021年7月1日庆祝中国共产党成立100周年。
考查介词辨析。in后加早中晚、季节、月份、年份等；on后加星期、日期；at后加时刻；of……的。根据“July 1st, 2021”可知，此处指具体的某一天，应用on。故选B。
2. —Millie, ________ are you reading?
—Camel Xiangzi, by the famous Chinese writer, Lao She.
A. who B. how C. where D. what
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——Millie，你正在读什么？——《骆驼祥子》，中国著名作家老舍的作品。
考查特殊疑问句。who谁；how怎样；where哪里；what什么。根据答语“Camel Xiangzi”可知，是询问读的什么，故选D。
3. Amy hid under ________ desk in a hurry when the earthquake happened.
A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：地震发生时，艾米匆忙地躲在她的桌子下面。
考查代词辨析。she她，主格；her她，宾格/她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself反身代词。根据“Amy hid under…desk in a hurry”可知，空格后面有名词，需要用形容词性物主代词。故选B。
4. I would be interested to see the pandas in the Wolong Panda Reserve, because it allows people ________ closer to them.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我很想去卧龙大熊猫保护区看看大熊猫，因它能让人们更接近它们。
考查非谓语。此处是结构allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，空格处用不定式作宾补，故选B。
5. Jogging is ________ than many sports—to start, just get some comfortable sports clothes and good running shoes.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：慢跑比许多运动都便宜——刚开始的时候，只需要一些舒适的运动服和好的跑鞋。
考查形容词比较级。cheap形容词原级；cheaper形容词比较级形式；cheapest形容词最高级形式；the cheapest形容词最高级。根据空后than的提示可知，空处应用比较级形式。故选B。
6. I saw Julia in April and I ________ her since then.
A. don’t see B. didn’t see C. won’t see D. haven’t seen
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：我四月份见过朱莉娅，从那以后就再没见过她。
考查动词时态。根据“since then”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语为I，助动词用have，此处表示否定用haven’t。故选D。
7. You need to practise speaking every day ________ you hope to improve your spoken English.
A. if B. although C. unless D. until
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果你想提高你的英语口语，你需要每天练习口语。
考查连词辨析。if如果；although尽管；unless除非；until直到。根据“You need to practise speaking every day”以及“you hope to improve your spoken English”可知，如果想提高英语口语，就需要每天练习口语，此处为if引导的条件状语从句。故选A。
8. Which of the following apps will you choose if you want to be a volunteer?
A. B. C. D.
【答案】C
【解析】
分析】
【详解】句意：如果你想成为志愿者，你会选择以下哪个应用程序？
考查英文常识图标。根据英文，A是食谱图标；根据英文，B是旅游图标；根据英文，C是志愿者图标；根据英文，D是智能家居图标。如果你想成为志愿者，你会选择C应用程序。故选C。
9. Our school library ________ with plants, lovely desks and chairs, so I feel relaxed while studying or reading there.
A. decorates B. decorated C. is decorated D. was decorating
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：我们学校的图书馆装饰着植物，可爱的书桌和椅子，所以我在那里学习或阅读时感到很放松。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，主语和动词之间是动宾关系，故应用被动语态；结合语境，应用一般现在时的被动语态，构成形式为：be done；主语“Our school library”是第三人称单数形式，故be用is；decorate的过去分词是decorated。故选C。
10. Many of the older buildings in our city now look beautiful because workers have ________ made them look as good as new.
A. carelessly B. hardly C. nervously D. carefully
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：我们城市的许多老建筑现在看起来很漂亮，因为工人们小心翼翼地使它们看起来像新的一样。
考查副词辨析。carelessly粗心地；hardly几乎不；nervously紧张地；carefully仔细地、小心翼翼地。根据前句“Many of the older buildings in our city now look beautiful”可推知，应是工人们小心翼翼地使它们看起来像新的一样。故选D。
11. The drama “Yuhuayao” ________ citizens in Nanjing with a chance to learn and listen to the Party’s history.
A. provided B. guarded C. compared D. protected
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：《雨花谣》为南京市民提供了学习和聆听党史的机会。
考查动词辨析。provided提供；guarded保卫；compared比较；protected保护。根据“The drama ‘Yuhuayao’…citizens in Nanjing with a chance to learn and listen to the Party’s history.”可知，此处是provide sb with sth短语，意为“提供某人某物”，故选A。
12. Yuan Longping was a world-famous scientist. Because of his achievements, rice ________ has been increased greatly.
A. population B. contribution C. production D. introduction
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：袁隆平是世界著名的科学家，由于他的成就，水稻产量大大增加。
考查名词辨析。population 人口；contribution贡献；production产量；introduction介绍。根据常识可知，由于袁隆平的成就，水稻产量大大增加。故选C。
13. ―Do you know ________, Alfred?
—At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon.
A. when the end-of-term concert began B. when did the end-of-term concert begin
C. when the end-of-term concert will begin D. when will the end-of-term concert begin
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——Alfred，你知道期末音乐会什么时候开始吗？——在明天下午2点钟。
考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D选项。根据答语“At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon”可知，从句应用一般将来时will do的结构，故选C。
14. —I think art should be about creating beautiful objects.
—________. That’s a very old-fashioned way of looking at art.
A. My pleasure B. It doesn’t matter C. Take it easy D. I don’t agree
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：——我认为艺术应该是创造美丽的事物。——我不同意。这是看待艺术的一种非常传统的方式。
考查情景交际。My pleasure我的荣幸；It doesn’t matter没关系；Take it easy别紧张；I don’t agree我不同意。根据空后“That’s a very old-fashioned way of looking at art.”可知，空处应是不同意以上观点。故选D。
15. —I feel really bad about all the mess.
—________. I can always clear it up later.
A. Don’t worry B. That sounds great C. Thanks a lot D. That would be nice
【答案】A
【解析】
分析】
【详解】句意：——我对这些乱七八糟的感到很抱歉。——别担心。我以后会收拾干净的。
考查情景交际。Don’t worry别担心；That sounds great听起来不错；Thanks a lot多谢；That would be nice那就太好了。根据空后“I can always clear it up later.”的情景可知，空处应是说别担心。故选A。
二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
What does the word ecology mean? It was _____16_____ by Ernst Haeckel, a German biologist. He joined two Greek words: oikos, meaning “house”, and logie, meaning “the study of”. Together they mean “the study of the house”. The “house” Haeckel had in mind is our _____17_____, Earth. Earth is home for all living things—humans, animals, plants, and even tiny microbes.
To study a house is to learn how its residents（居民）use it. An ecologist is a scientist who studies the _____18_____ between organisms （生物）and their environment. The environment is an organism’s surroundings. It may _____19_____ water, gases, rocks, and temperature.
Ecologists also study the balance of using the environment while protecting it.
An ecologist once asked a boy _____20_____ he thought it meant to protect the environment.
The boy said, “You go into the forest and look for somebody who wants to cut down a tree. You take away his axe. You tell him about how _____21_____ trees are. You say they are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals. ”
“ Good answer,” said the ecologist, “_____22_____ it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to. Also, remember that sometimes it’s _____23_____ to cut down a tree. If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest. We have to find the right _____24_____. ”
“I get it,” the boy said. “We need the forest’s ______25______ for wood and paper or we might not have desks or notebooks for school.”
“Exactly—and school is a good place to learn about ecology,” added the ecologist. “Then you will know how to protect the natural environment.”
16. A. proved B. invented C. marked D. accepted
17. A. planet B. building C. project D. surface
18. A. feeling B. relationships C. distance D. competitions
19. A. pollute B. control C. include D. reduce
20. A. who B. whose C. why D. what
21. A. wild B. common C. wealthy D. important
22. A. but B. and C. so D. or
23. A. comfortable B. tiring C. impossible D. necessary
24. A. mystery B. temperature C. balance D. symbol
25. A. soil B. resources C. landscape D. wildlife
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了单词“ecology”的来源，生态学家主要研究生物与其环境之间关系以及在保护环境的同时利用环境的平衡。
【16题详解】
句意：它是由德国生物学家恩斯特·海克尔发明的。
proved证明；invented发明；marked标记；accepted接受。根据“He joined two Greek words...”可知，“ecology”是由德国生物学家恩斯特·海克尔发明的。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：海克尔心目中的“房子”是我们的行星，地球。
planet行星；building房子；project项目；surface表面。根据空后的“Earth”可知，地球是行星。故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：生态学家是研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学家。
feeling感觉；relationships关系；distance距离；competitions比赛。根据“between organisms and their environment.”以及常识可知，生态学家是研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学家。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：它可能包括水、气体、岩石和温度。
pollute污染；control控制；include包括；reduce减少。根据“The environment is an organism’s surroundings.”可知，环境有机体的环境，可能包括水、气体、岩石和温度。故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：一位生态学家曾经问一个男孩，他认为这对保护环境意味着什么。
who谁；whose谁的；why为什么；what什么。此处为生态学家问男孩认为是什么，应用what。故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：你告诉他树有多重要。
wild野外的；common普遍的；wealthy富有的；important重要的。根据“You say they are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals.”可知，此处是指告诉他树木的重要性。故选D。
【22题详解】
句意：但要找一个樵夫谈话可能并不容易。
but但是；and并且；so所以；or或者。根据“Good answer”以及“it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to”可知，此处表示转折关系，应用连词but。故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：另外，请记住，有时有必要砍倒一棵树。
comfortable舒服的；tiring累的；impossible不可能的；necessary必要的。根据“If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest.”可知，有时候砍树也是必要的。故选D。
【24题详解】
句意：我们必须找到正确的平衡。
mystery秘密；temperature温度；balance平衡；symbol标志。根据“If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest.”可知，我们必须在不能砍太多树和不砍树之间找到平衡。故选C。
【25题详解】
句意：我们需要森林的木材和纸张资源，否则我们可能没有课桌或笔记本供学校使用。
soil土壤；resources资源；landscape风景；wildlife野生动物。根据“If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest.”以及“We need the forest’s...for wood and paper or we might not have desks or notebooks for school.”可知，我们需要森林的资源。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。
You learn all kinds of things from books. Books open up a whole new world to you. They can make you smile and comfort you when you are sad.
A
You must have many hobbies, reading, painting and so on. One day, you happen to see a poster, “World Book Day.” Interested, you stop and read the poster.

Hello and welcome to World Book Day
World Book Day is here to change lives through a love of books and shared reading, and bring books to the children who need them most. World Book Day is an excellent chance for everyone to celebrate the joy of reading.
•Share A Story Live-our exciting digital events programme beaming authors（作家）straight into your school.
• Raising money, raising readers-our fundraising ideas to help us change lives through reading.
• World Book Day Book Club-a new online reading community.
• Share A Story Corner-stories to encourage families to read together.
Happy World Book Day！
For up-to-date information, visit our website worldbookday. com!

26. World Book Day is a special day for people to ________.
A. celebrate the joy of reading B. change lives by raising money
C. meet famous authors at home D. enjoy writing in local communities
27. According to the poster, if you want to read stories with your parents, you can join ________.
A. Share A Story Live B. Share A Story Corner
C. World Book Day Book Club D. Raising money, raising readers
28. The designer uses words and pictures in the poster to ________.
A. catch readers’ attention B. encourage families to write books
C. help readers form reading habits D. recommend different types of books
【答案】26. A 27. B 28. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是世界读书日的海报，向我们介绍世界读书日的相关活动。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“World Book Day is an excellent chance for everyone to celebrate the joy of reading.”可知，世界读书日是每个人庆祝阅读乐趣的绝佳机会。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Share A Story Corner-stories to encourage families to read together.”可知，分享故事角——鼓励家庭一起阅读的故事。故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。本文是世界读书日的海报，作者使用文字和图片是为了吸引读者的注意力。故选A。
B
Imagine you choose to join WorldBook Day Book Club. Now you are reading a book on art for children.
About art
Art is a vast subject, including all kinds of pictures and sculptures. This book introduces 32 works by some of the world’s most famous artists. This is only a small selection, but it reveals（揭示）huge differences in what artists do.
Why make art?
Artists make art for many reasons. Sometimes, they just want to create something beautiful. But hundreds of years ago-when many people couldn’t read-paintings were often designed to illustrate stories.
Very grand paintings were usually made to order, for wealthy clients who wanted to impress people. More recently, artists have begun to paint to express their own feelings or explore ideas.
About this book
The pictures reproduced in this book were painted over the last 500 years. They are arranged（排列）in order of date, so you can see how ideas about art have changed over time. If you would like to see more art, there is lots on the Internet-just follow the links recommended throughout the book. If you can, visit an art gallery too, so you can experience seeing the “real thing” .
29. Why are the works introduced in the book?
A. To tell readers huge differences in what artists do.
B. To offer readers all kinds of pictures and sculptures.
C. To share every famous artist’s life story with readers.
D. To introduce a number of works from an artist to readers.
30. The works in the book are arranged in order of ________
A. size B. space C. time D. importance
31. The passage above mainly _________.
A. gives an introduction to the book B. shows the size of each part in the book
C. shows the number of the artists in the book D. gives the reasons to order paintings in the book
【答案】29. A 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍一本关于艺术的书。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This is only a small selection, but it reveals（揭示）huge differences in what artists do.”可知，这只是一小部分，但它揭示了艺术家们所做的巨大差异。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They are arranged（排列）in order of date”可知，它们是按日期顺序排列的，故选C。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。本文向我们介绍一本关于艺术的书，选项A“为这本书作了介绍”符合主题，故选A。
C

To improve your reading, you can try the form of readers’ theatre, a formatted script for readers to read aloud. It’s so interesting!
Cast of Characters: Narrator, Kayla, Ms. Lee, Zack
Narrator: On a sunny day in southern Texas, Ms. Lee’s students gathered in the school playground.
Ms. Lee: Tomorrow is the day of the sidewalk（人行道）chalk-art festival. The principal has allowed us to practise our wet-chalk drawing on the playground sidewalk, which will be our studio. Remember, whenever you want to draw on a sidewalk, always ask an adult in charge for permission before you draw. Now let’s review the steps of wet-chalk drawing. What do we do first?
Narrator: As the students told her the steps in order, Ms. Lee wrote them on a large pad of paper. When she finished writing, she pulled the paper off the pad and displayed the directions so everyone could read them. Then the students chose and soaked （浸湿）their pieces of chalk. Meanwhile, Kayla and Zack planned their drawing.
Kayla: Let’s draw a jungle feast. Parrots can be eating all kinds of fruit.
Zack: I’ll draw a model train carrying food to the birds.
Narrator: The students removed their pieces of chalk from the water and drew. As Zack drew a sweeping curve of train track, his hand knocked over the jar of water. He and Kayla watched water streak across their drawing.
Zack: Our drawing is ruined（毁坏）！
Kayla: D