湖南省衡阳市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

2021年衡阳市初中学业水平考试试卷
英 语
考生注意:
1.本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。
2.全部答案必须按要求写在答题卡中对应题号的方格里。要求书写工整、清晰、规范，卷面整洁。
3.选择题最符合题意的答案只有1个。不选、多选、错选、涂写不清或是不填答案编号字母而抄写英语答案的，均不给分。
4.本试卷共两大题，56小题,满分100分。考试时量90分钟。
5.完卷后，答题卡和试题卷分别交回。
I.阅读技能(六个部分。共35小题,计60分)
(A)
Many years ago, there was a king who liked falcons(猎鹰) very much. Once he get ____1____ nice falcons. He had not seen such beautiful falcons before. He loved them so much that he ordered the best falconer to ____2____ them to fly.
After several months, the kind came to see ____3____ the training was going on. He found that one falcon had already been able to fly high in the sky, while the other one was staying at the branch (树枝) of a tree ____4____ without moving.
The king called all his falconers together and ordered them to try every ____5____ they could to make it fly. But ____6____ of them successful. One day, while the king was taking a walk in the forest, an idea came to his mind. He decided to find ____7____ who knew the natural environment well to solve the problem. Then he sent for a farmer who lived in the forest into his palace to train it at once.
The next morning, the king saw the other falcon ____8____ above in the sky freely. “It is unbelievable!” shouted the king. “How could you make it happen?”
The farmer replied, “It’s very easy. I just ____9____ the branch where the falcon rested.” It is always the same to humans. We all have “two flying wings” in our hearts as well, but we often seem not to notice them and stay where we feel safe and ____10____. We won’t realize we can fly so high and freely until the “branch” we are resting on breaks.
1. A. two B. three C. four
2. A. train B. keep C. feed
3. A. what B. how C. when
4. A. happily B. freely C. quietly
5. A. thing B. way C. decision
6. A. either B. none C. all
7. A. everyone B. nobody C. someone
8. A. jumping B. running C. flying
9. A. set off B. cut off C. take off
10. A. comfortable B. lucky C. quiet
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【分析】文章讲述了国王的两个猎鹰，一个能飞向空中，另一个只是在树枝上，给他训鹰的都没办法，后来他找来一个在森林里生活的男人来给他训鹰，第二天，鹰就飞向了高空，他很惊奇，农民说，很简单，我只是砍掉了它停留的树枝。
【1题详解】
句意：有一次他得到了两只漂亮的猎鹰。
two二；three三；four四；根据“He found that one falcon...while the other one was staying...”可知，是两只猎鹰，故选A。
【2题详解】
句意：他非常爱它们，于是命令最好的猎鹰人训练它们飞翔。
train训练；keep保持；feed喂养；根据“He loved them so much that he ordered the best falconer”以及“the training was going on”可知，请猎鹰人是为了训练鹰，故选A。
【3题详解】
句意：几个月后，这类人来看看培训进行得如何。
what什么；how怎样；when何时；根据“the training was going on”可知，国王来查看训鹰进展如何，故选B。
【4题详解】
句意：而另一只却静静地呆在树枝上一动不动。
happily开心地；freely自由地；quietly安静地；根据“without moving”可知，鹰静静地坐着，故选C。
【5题详解】
句意：国王召集了所有的猎鹰人，命令他们想尽一切办法让它飞起来。
thing事情；way方法；decision决定；根据“they could to make it fly”可知，国王要求猎鹰人想办法让另外一只鹰飞翔，故选B。
【6题详解】
句意：但没有一个成功。
either两者之一；none都不；all全都；根据“The king called all his falconers”以及but转折可知，此处指的是没有一个人成功，故选B。
【7题详解】
句意：他决定找一个熟悉自然环境的人来解决这个问题。
everyone每个人；nobody没有人；someone某个人；根据“who knew the natural environment well”可知，此处说的是找一个熟悉自然环境的人，故选C。
【8题详解】
句意：第二天早上，国王看见另一只猎鹰天空中自由飞翔。
jumping跳；running跑；flying飞；根据“them to fly”以及“they could to make it fly”可知，另一只鹰在空中飞翔，故选C。
【9题详解】
句意：我刚把猎鹰休息的树枝砍掉了。
set off出发；cut off剪掉；take off脱下；根据“the branch where the falcon rested”可知，是砍掉了树枝，故选B。
【10题详解】
句意：我们心中也都有两只飞翔的翅膀，但我们常常似乎没有注意到它们，而是呆在我们觉得安全和舒适的地方。
comfortable舒适的；lucky幸运的；quiet安静的；根据“where we feel safe”以及and并列可知，此处指的是舒适的地方，故选A。
(B)
根据短文内容，从六个选项中选择五个还原到文中,使短文内容完整，意思连贯。
Happiness is for everyone. You don’t need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens or those who have nice cars and a lot of money . Why? ____11____
In fact happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. ____12____ When you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking good care of your life and your health. When you do something wrong, people around you will help you to correct it. When you help others, you will have a strong feeling of satisfaction and happiness, too. ____13____ If you notice a bit of them, you can see that happiness is always around you.
____14____ It is a feeling of your heart. When you are poor, you can also say you are happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money. As the saying goes, “Life is like a revolving（旋转）door. ____15____ ”
If you take every chance you get, you will be a happy and lucky person.
A. Happiness is not the same as money.
B. When it closes, it also opens.
C. All of these are your happiness.
D. Because those rich people can also feel lonely and nervous.
E. When you are in trouble at school, your friends will help you.
F. If you have enough money, you will be happy.
【答案】11. D 12. E 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了幸福的定义，以及我们身边的一些幸福以及幸福与金钱的关系等。
【11题详解】
根据“You don’t need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens or those who have nice cars and a lot of money . Why?”可知，此处应该是回答为什么不需要关注那些有漂亮房子和大花园的人，给出原因，选项D“因为那些有钱人也会感到孤独和紧张。”符合，故选D。
【12题详解】
根据“In fact happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it.”可知，此处应该是说身边的幸福，结合“When you study hard at your lessons, your parents are always taking good care of your life and your health.”可知，此处应该是说在学校的时候的情况，选项E“当你在学校遇到困难时，你的朋友会帮助你。”符合，故选E。
【13题详解】
根据“In fact happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it...you will have a strong feeling of satisfaction and happiness, too.”可知，此处是总结上述提到的都是你身边的幸福，选项C“所有这些都是你的幸福。”符合，故选C。
【14题详解】
根据“When you are poor, you can also say you are happy, because you have something else that can’t be bought with money.”可知，这里应该是说幸福与金钱的关系，选项A“幸福不等于金钱。”符合，故选A。
【15题详解】
根据“Life is like a revolving（旋转）door.”可知，此处应该是继续解释上句的这句话，与旋转门有关，选项B“当它关闭时，它也会打开。”符合，故选B。
(C)
阅读下面的短文并根据短文内容回答所提问题。

With the development of science and technology, communications are becoming easier and quicker now — people can use telephones, cellphones, fax machines and the Internet. It means that we seldom write letters now. But a TV show, Letters Alive (《见字如面》), is bringing back this old habit.
Letters Alive invites famous actors and actresses, but there are no funny jokes or different competitions. Instead, only one person walks up to a microphone and reads a letter. The letters were written by people from different times in history. For example, in one episode(集), they read a letter written by the famous writer Xiao Hong to her younger brother in 1941. The letter shows that Xiao Hong missed her brother so much and had great hopes for his future.
“Every letter opens another world for us,” said Guan Zhangwen, the director of the TV show. “It seems that we can experience the real lives and feelings of the writers”. Since its first episode was on, Letters Alive has been widely praised. Many audiences(观众) say that it has provided a breath of fresh air to today’s TV shows.
Besides Letters Alive, some other cultural TV shows have also attracted Chinese audiences. They include the Chinese Poetry Conference, a traditional Chinese poetry competition and Readers, a program that invites people to read poems and articles they like or wrote. It suggests that cultural values and true feelings are becoming our interest.
16. Who does Letters Alive invite to read letters?
17. What does Xiao Hong’s letter show according to the passage?
18. Chinese audiences highly praise the TV show, Letters Alive don’t they?
19. Besides Letters Alive, what other cultural TV shows are mentioned in the passage?
20. How do you like the cultural TV shows? Why?
【答案】16. Famous actors and actresses.
17. Xiao Hong missed her brother so much and had great hopes for his future.
18. Yes, they do.
19. Chines Poetry Conference and Readers.
20. I think they are really useful for students. Because students can learn a lot from these cultural TV shows.
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了电视节目《见字如面》深受广大观众的喜爱，这个节目为今天的电视节目提供了一股新鲜空气，文中还提到了类似的节目，包括《中国诗词大会》和《读者》。
【16题详解】
根据“Letters Alive invites famous actors and actresses, but there are no funny jokes or different competitions. Instead, only one person walks up to a microphone and reads a letter.”可知，《见字如面》邀请了著名的男女演员，每次一个人走到麦克风前读一封信，故填Famous actors and actresses。
【17题详解】
根据“The letter shows that Xiao Hong missed her brother so much and had great hopes for his future”可知，信中展示了萧红非常想念弟弟，对弟弟的未来寄予厚望，故填Xiao Hong missed her brother so much and had great hopes for his future.
【18题详解】
根据“Since its first episode was on, Letters Alive has been widely praised. Many audiences(观众) say that it has provided a breath of fresh air to today’s TV shows.”可知，《见字如面》从一开播就受到广大观众的广泛赞誉，故填Yes, they do.
【19题详解】
根据“Besides Letters Alive, some other cultural TV shows have also attracted Chinese audiences. They include the Chinese Poetry Conference, a traditional Chinese poetry competition and Readers, a program that invites people to read poems and articles they like or wrote.”可知，文中除了《见字如面》，还提到了《中国诗词大会》和《读者》，故填Chines Poetry Conference and Readers。
【20题详解】
我觉得这些电视节目对我们学生是很有用的，能从中学到很多，故填I think they are really useful for students. Because students can learn a lot from these cultural TV shows.
(D)
阅读F面短文，从每题所给的A.B.C 三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题成完成句子。(共5小题,计10分)

Some children cannot wait to grow up. Because once you become an adult, you are free to make your own decisions. More importantly you can do all those things that you cannot do now because you are too young. So the question is ‘At what age do you really become an adult?’ Well, people become adults at different ages in different places.
In Australia, the 18th birthday is a very important event for young Australians because it means they can do almost anything they want. They can vote (选举), learn to drive a car, get married, join the army and even buy their own houses. Even if they can do all these things, most Australians have to wait until their 21st birthday to really celebrate becoming an adult. This is the traditional adult age in Australia and the USA and the UK.
Even though 21 is the traditional adult age in many English-speaking countries the law nowadays is different in each country. In the UK you can join the army at 16 and even get married at 16 if your parents allow. Young people in the UK can learn to drive a car at 17 although they have to wait until they are 18 to vote.
In China, you can vote and learn to drive a car when you are 18, but if you want to get married, women have to wait until they are 18 and men until they are 22. Chinese people celebrate important birthdays every 10 years — so when young people turn 20, they can expect a big party!
No matter what age you are, becoming an adult is really about learning how to be independent and responsible（负责任的）. Once you are finally able to take care of yourselves and make your own decisions, then you can say that you are truly all grown-ups.
21. Some children cannot wait to grow up because ________.
A. they hope to drive a car
B. they can decide to do things freely
C. they can celebrate birthdays
22. The underlined word “adult” means ________.
A. grown-up B. kid C. elder
23. Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A. In the UK, people can drive at 17.
B. In China, men can get married at 18.
C. In Australia, people can vote at 16.
24. What does the last paragraph tell us?
A. When people celebrate their 18th birthday, they become adults
B. When people turn 20, they should take care of themselves.
C. A true grown-up is independent and responsible.
25. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Why some children can’t wait to grow up.
B. People become adults at different ages in different places.
C. What people can do at different ages.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了很多孩子都想长大，因为一旦你长大成人，你就可以自由地做出自己的决定。不同的国家对于成年人的年龄界定是不一样的，但是，不管你多大年纪，成为一个成年人其实就是要学会如何独立和负责。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Some children cannot wait to grow up. Because once you become an adult, you are free to make your own decisions.”可知，很多孩子都盼着长大，因为长大就可以自由地做出自己的决定，故选B。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Because once you become an adult, you are free to make your own decisions.”以及“people become adults at different ages in different places.”以及下文对不同国家的年龄界定可知，“adult”指的是“成年人”，故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Young people in the UK can learn to drive a car at 17”可知，英国的年轻人17岁就可以学会开车，故选A。
【24题详解】
段落大意题。根据“No matter what age you are...then you can say that you are truly all grown-ups.”可知，本段主要是介绍了真正的成年人应该是独立和负责任的。故选C。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“Well, people become adults at different ages in different places.”以及文章的介绍可知，主要是介绍在不同的地方，孩子成为成年人的不同的年龄界定，故选B。
(E)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。(共5小题，计10分)

The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms (节气). It starts from the Beginning of Spring and ends with the Greater Cold, moving in cycles. It is still useful today to guide people’s lives through special foods, cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips.

Grain Buds(小满), the 8th solar term of a year, begins on May 21 this year, and ends on June 4. It means that the seeds (种子) from the grain are becoming full. During the Grain Buds, summer harvest is about to begin. A saying about rain during this time mentions, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full.” Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water. This is a good time to enjoy fish. It is also harvest season for fishermen.

Frost’s Descent (霜降), the 18th solar term of the year, is the last solar term of autumn, during which time the weather becomes much colder than before and frost begins to appear. The apple is one kind of recommended(推荐的) fruit during Frost’s Descent. There are many saying about apples’ benefits(益处) in China, such as “Eat an apple after meals, even old men can be as strong as young men.”

Minor Cold (小寒) is the 23rd one. For most areas of China, it marks the start of the coldest days of the year and people always start preparing for New Year. According to traditional Chinese medicine thoughts, people need to eat food that has more yang energy to prevent cold from harming their bodies. Another important traditional food for Minor Cold is Laba porridge (腊八粥).
26. ________ is the last solar term of a year.
A. Minor Cold B. Greater Cold C. Frost’s Descent
27. How many days does Grain Buds last this year?
A. Thirteen. B. Fifteen. C. Seventeen.
28. The underlined sentence “Eat an apple after meals, even old men can be as strong as young men.” is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
B. It’s more useful for old men to eat apples than young men.
C. If old men eat apples after meals, they will become younger and younger.
29. In most areas of China, people always ________ during Minor Cold.
①prepare for New year ②have Laba porridge
③say good-bye to the coldest days ④wear warmer clothes
A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④
30. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. it is necessary for people to take umbrellas with them during Grain Buds
B. Frost’s Descent is the 8th solar term of a year
C. people need to eat food that has less yang energy during Minor Cold
【答案】26. B 27. B