江苏省扬州市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

扬州市 2021年初中毕业、升学统一考试英语试题
说明∶
1. 本试卷共 8 页, 包含选择题（第1 题～第 45 题, 共 45 题）、非选择题（第46 题～第 81 题, 共 36 题）两部分。满分 120 分, 考试时间为100 分钟。考试结束后, 请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
2. 答题前, 考生务必将本人的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置上, 同时务必在试卷的装订线内将本人的姓名、准考证号、毕业学校填写好, 在试卷第 4页的右下角填写好座位号。 3. 所有的试题都必须在专用的"答题卡"上作答, 选择题用 2B 铅笔作答、非选择题在指定位置用 0. 5 毫米黑色水笔作答。在试卷或草稿纸上答题无效。
一、单项选择（共 15 小题;每小题1分, 计 15 分）
在下列各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选择一个能填人题干空白处的最佳答案。
1. As ________ teacher, it’s important to be ________ good role model for their students.
A. the; a B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：作为一名教师，为学生做一个好榜样是很重要的。
考查冠词的用法。a/an不定冠词，表示泛指，the定冠词，表示特指。两处均表示泛指“一个”，teacher和good都是以辅音音素开头的单词，都用a。故选C。
2. —Which colour do you like, red or blue?
— ________. I like green.
A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么颜色，红色还是蓝色？——都不喜欢。我喜欢绿色。
考查代词辨析。Either两者中任何一个；Both两者都；Neither两者都不；None三者或三者以上都不。根据选项“red or blue”和空后“I like green.”可知，空处应是表示“两者都不”。故选C。
3. China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国首个火星探测器“祝融”于2021年5月15日在火星上着陆。
考查介词辨析。on其后加星期或具体的时间；in其后加早中晚/季节/月份/年份等；at其后加时间点等；to到。根据“May 15, 2021”可知，是具体的某一天，故选A。
4. I can’t believe you made the life—like cat out of paper. How _______ you are!
A. loyal B. creative C. helpful D. organized
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：真不敢相信你用纸做了一只栩栩如生的猫。你多么有创造力呀！
考查形容词辨析。loyal忠诚的；creative有创造力的；helpful有帮助的；organized有组织的。根据“I can’t believe you made the life—like cat out of paper”可知，感叹对方很有创造力，故选B。
5. —________ do you play basketball with your friends?
— Only once a week.
A. How long B. How much C. How soon D. How often
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：——你多久和你的朋友打一次篮球？——一周一次。
考查特殊疑问句。how long多久，多长；how much多少；how soon多久以后；how often多久一次。根据回答“Only once a week.”可知，此处是问频率，应该用how often提问。故选D。
6. —Have you watched the film Gulliver’s Travels?
—Yes, I ________ it during the Spring Festival. What about you?
A. watch B. watched C. will watch D. have watched
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你看过《格列佛游记》这部电影吗？——看过，我在春节期间看的。你呢？
考查一般过去时。根据“during the Spring Festival”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故选B。
7. We ________ see which way to go if the stars do not twinkle（闪耀）so.
A. can not B. should not C. must not D. need not
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：如果星星不这样闪烁，我们就不能看见往哪个方向走。
考查情态动词。can not不能；should not不应该；must not不必、不允许；need not不需要。根据“if the stars do not twinkle（闪耀）so.”结合“We … see which way to go”，可知如果星星不这样闪烁，我们就不能看见往哪个方向走，因此用can not“不能”，故选A。
8. — How did you come to Baoying?
— By high-speed rail. It ________ me only 28 minutes to get here.
A. spent B. paid C. lost D. took
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你是怎么来宝应的？——坐高铁。只花了我28分钟就到了这里。
考查动词辨析。spent花费，主语是人；paid付款，主语是人；lost失去；took花费，主语是it或物。根据“It…me only 28 minutes to get here.”可知，此处是“it takes/took sb+时间+to do sth”句型，故选D。
9. In many countries, people put their fingers up to their mouths ________ silence.
A. ask for B. asking for C. to ask for D. asked for
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在许多国家，人们把手指放在嘴里要求安静。
考查非谓语动词。分析“people put their fingers up to their mouths…silence”可知，此处表示目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，故选C。
10. — We can always find something good in a bad ________ if we look for it.
— It’s so true. Let’s make full use of what comes.
A. situation B. direction C. instruction D. competition
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——如果我们去寻找，总能在逆境中找到好的东西。——太对了。让我们充分利用所得到的。
考查名词辨析。situation情况；direction方向；instruction指导；competition比赛。根据“We can always find something good in a bad…”可知，此处指“在不好的情况下/在逆境中”，故选A。
11. He said that he would pass the exam and this ________ to be true.
A. turned out B. put out C. broke out D. tried out
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：他说他会通过考试，结果果真如此。
考查动词短语辨析。turned out结果是；put out扑灭；broke out爆发；tried out试验。根据“He said that he would pass the exam and this…to be true.”可知，此处强调结果，故选A。
12. ________ we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away.
A. Until B. If C. Although D. Whether
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：如果我们总是等待另一天，我们的生命将徒劳地逝去。
考查连词辨析。Until直到……；If如果；Although虽然；Whether是否。分析前后句句意，前句是后句动作发生的条件，故空处连词应用if，如果。故选B。
13. — Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu?
— Sure, You ________ to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
A. were expected B. will expect C. are expecting D. are expected
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：——吴老师，下周我们一定要读一些什么吗?——当然，你们要读《黑骏马》从58页到85页。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据上文“Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu?”结合“Sure, You … to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.”可知主语和谓语动词expect之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用被动语态，句子时态是一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，即be+动词的过去分词，主语是you，be动词用are，expect的过去分词是expected，故选D。
14. —By the way, could you tell us ________?
—From the Internet.
A. why are you interested in our company
B. why you are interested in our company
C. where did you hear about our company
D. where you heard about our company
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——顺便问一下，你能告诉我们你是在哪里听说我们公司的吗？——从互联网。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“From the Internet.”可知，强调出处，故选D。
15. — Are your parents against your leaving home to work in Shanghai?
—________. They say there are more chances in big cities.
A. Don’t mention it B. Of course not C. That’s all right D. With pleasure
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你的父母反对你离开家到上海工作吗？——当然不。他们说在大城市有更多的机会。
考查情景交际。Don’t mention it不客气；Of course not当然不；That’s all right没关系；With pleasure乐意效劳。根据“They say there are more chances in big cities.”可知，父母不反对，故选B。
二、完形填空（共 15 小题;每小题1分, 计 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
One Saturday afternoon, Amy found Meg and Jo getting well dressed. They were going to the theater with Laurie. She wanted to come.
“I can’t take you, dear, because you aren’t ___16___,” began Meg, but Jo cut in ___17___ “You can’t go, Amy. Laurie invited only Meg and me.” Amy cried, “You’ll be ___18___ this, Jo March.”
While Jo and Meg were at the theater, Amy ___19___ Jo’s book of writings. Jo’s loving work of several years was gone in the fire.
That night, Mother asked Jo to forgive（原谅）her sister, but Jo ___20___.
The next day, Jo went to the river with Laurie to skate on the ice. Amy followed them. Jo saw her coming and turned her back. But Laurie did not ___21___ Amy. He warned Jo to stay away from the middle of the river. The ice there was ___22___. Jo heard him, but Amy did not.
Something turned Jo round. She happened to see Amy throw up her hands and go down, with a scaring cry. The ice ___23___. Jo tried to call Laurie, but her ___24___ was gone. She tried to rush forward, but her feet seemed to have no ___25___ in them. Laurie’s voice cried out, “Bring a rail（横杆）, Jo. Quick, quick!”
She never knew ___26___ she did it, but for the next few minutes she worked, blindly obeying Laurie. Together they got the child out. Amy was more scared than ___27___.
When Mother had put Amy to bed, Jo whispered, “Are you sure she is ___28___ . Quite safe, dear. She is not hurt, and won’t even catch cold,” replied her mother cheerfully.
“Mother, I had kept my anger ___29___ it grew so strong. Today, without ___30___, it might have been too late. Oh, Mother, what shall I do?”
“Anger can make us do very bad things to people we love. We must learn to control our anger,” said Mrs March.
Jo looked at Amy in her bed and gave her a big kiss.
—Taken from Little Women
16. A. invited B. hired C. trained D. interviewed
17. A. curiously B. politely C. impatiently D. uncertainly
18. A. tired of B. confident of C. famous for D. sorry for
19. A. burned up B. got up C. put up D. set up
20. A. regretted B. refused C. agreed D. cheered
21. A. hold B. hear C. treat D. see
22. A. thin B. strong C. dirty D. narrow
23. A. broke B. froze C. shook D. gathered
24. A. sound B. pronunciation C. voice D. courage
25. A. energy B. strength C. challenge D. noise
26. A. whatever B. when C. where D. how
27. A. worried B. hurt C. trapped D. bored
28. A. asleep B. alive C. safe D. generous
29. A. after B. unless C. because D. till
30. A. Amy B. Meg C. Laurie D. you
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C
【解析】
【分析】本文节选自《小妇人》，讲述姐妹之间发生的故事。
【16题详解】
句意：我不能带你去，亲爱的，因为你没被邀请。
invited邀请；hired雇佣；trained训练；interviewed采访。根据“Laurie invited only Meg and me.”可知，Amy没有被邀请，故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：可Jo不耐烦地打断了她。
curiously好奇地；politely礼貌地；impatiently不耐心地；uncertainly不确定地。根据“You can’t go, Amy.”可知，Jo很不耐烦，故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：你会后悔的，Jo March。
tired of厌烦；confident of自信；famous for出名；sorry for抱歉，后悔。根据“Amy cried”和“Jo’s loving work of several years was gone in the fire.”可知，Amy威胁Jo，并且烧掉了Jo的书，“后悔”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
句意：当Jo和Meg去剧院时，Amy把Jo的著作烧掉了。
burned up烧掉；got up起床；put up张贴；set up设立。根据“Jo’s loving work of several years was gone in the fire.”可知，是烧掉了，故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：那天晚上，母亲请求Jo原谅她妹妹，可Jo拒绝了。
regretted后悔；refused拒绝；agreed同意；cheered欢呼。根据“but”可知，前后句意出现转折，“拒绝”符合语境，故选B。
【21题详解】
句意：可是Laurie没有看见Amy。
hold举办；hear听见；treat对待；see看见。根据“Jo saw her coming and turned her back. But Laurie did not…Amy.”可知，Jo看见了Amy，但是Laurie却没看见，故选D。
【22题详解】
句意：那里的冰很薄。
thin瘦的；strong强壮的；dirty脏的；narrow狭窄的。根据“He warned Jo to stay away from the middle of the river.”可知，Laurie警告Jo不要到河中央去，因为冰很薄，故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：冰破了。
broke打破；froze冷冻；shook摇动；gathered聚集。根据“She happened to see Amy throw up her hands and go down, with a scaring cry.”可知，Amy掉了下去，所以冰破了，故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：Jo想叫Laurie，可她的声音听不见了。
sound声音；pronunciation发音；voice嗓音；courage勇气。根据“Jo tried to call Laurie, but her…was gone.”可知，Jo想叫但是发出的声音听不到了，人的声音是嗓音，故选C。
【25题详解】
句意：她试图向前冲去，但她的脚似乎没有了力量。
energy能量；strength力量；challenge挑战；noise噪音。根据“She tried to rush forward, but her feet seemed to have no…in them.”可知，她的脚没了力气，没办法向前冲，故选B。
【26题详解】
句意：她不知道自己是怎么做到的，但接下来的几分钟里，她盲目地服从Laurie。
whatever无论什么；when何时；where哪里；how如何。分析“She never knew…she did it”可知，本句不缺成分，强调方式，故选D。
【27题详解】
句意：跟受伤相比，Amy更害怕。
worried担心的；hurt受伤的；trapped困住的；bored无聊的。根据“She is not hurt, and won’t even catch cold”可知，她没受伤，只是很害怕，故选B。
【28题详解】
句意：你确定她安全吗？
asleep睡着的；alive活着的；safe安全的；generous慷慨的。根据“Quite safe”可知，是安全的，故选C。
【29题详解】
句意：妈妈，我一直把我的怒气压得很厉害。
after在……之后；unless除非；because因为；till直到。分析“I had kept my anger…it grew so strong.”可知，此处表示“一直把怒气压得很厉害”，用till引导时间状语从句，故选D。
【30题详解】
句意：今天，没有Laurie，一切可能都太迟了。
Amy艾米；Meg梅格；Laurie劳里；you你。根据前文描述可知，多亏了Laurie，不然可能会有生命危险，故选C。
三、阅读理解（共 15 小题;每小题2分, 计 30 分）
阅读下列内容, 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Is it possible to have a diet（日常饮食）that’s both healthy and friendly to our planet? Here are answers to your eco-friendly food questions.
Does what I eat influence climate（气候）change?
Yes. The world’s food system is responsible for（为……负责）about one quarter of the planet—warming greenhouse gases that humans produce each year. That includes raising and harvesting all the plants, animals, and animal products we eat, as well as processing, packaging, and shipping food to markets all over the world.
Which foods have the largest influence?
In general, beef and lamb have the biggest climate footprint per gram of protein while plant—based foods like beans, rice, corn and wheat have the smallest influence. Pork, chicken, eggs are somewhere in the middle.
Is there a simple food choice I can make?
Studies have shown that people who eat a meat—heavy diet can reduce their food—related footprint by one third or more by moving to a vegan diet — no meat, dairy（乳制品）, or eggs. If you don’t want to go that far, just eat less meat.
Can I really make a difference to our planet?
We need more food to feed the world’s growing population. One person alone can make only a tiny difference. If many people make changes to their diets, that will start to add up. It will make a greater difference if the world’s heaviest meat eaters make some changes to their diets.
31. According to the passage, which foods have the smallest influence on our planet?
A. Beef and lamb. B. Rice and corn. C. Chicken and pork. D. Beans and beef.
32. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. One person alone makes no difference to our planet.
B. Shipping food a lover the world has no influence on climate change.
C. All the planet—warming greenhouse gases come from the food system.
D. Meat eaters can reduce their food—related footprint by eating less meat.
33. What is the best title for the passage?
A. How to produce more meat B. How to make more plant—based foods
C. How to eat better for the planet D. How to ask eco—friendly food questions
【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是围绕环保食品的四个问题进行了解答，分别是：吃什么会影响气候变化；哪些食物影响最大；能做出简单的食物选择吗；真的能改变我们的星球吗。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“plant—based foods like beans, rice, corn and wheat have the smallest influence”可知，豆类、大米、玉米和小麦等植物性食品的影响最小，故选B。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“heavy diet can reduce their food—related footprint by one third or more by moving to a vegan diet — no meat, dairy（乳制品）, or eggs. If you don’t want to go that far, just eat less meat”可知，肉食者可以通过少吃肉来减少与食物相关的碳足迹，所以D表述正确，故选D。
【33题详解】
最佳标题。根据“Is it possible to have a diet（日常饮食）that’s both healthy and friendly to our planet? Here are answers to your eco-friendly food questions”可知，本文主要通过回答四个环保食品的问题来告诉大家如何为地球吃得更好，故选C。
B

Roberta, Peter and Phyllis lived in a large house in London. Father worked hard in a government office. He was never angry and always ready for a game. Mother was almost at home, ready to play with the children, and read to them, and help them do their home—lessons.
These three lucky children always had everything they needed: pretty clothes, good fires, a lovely playroom and a dog called James. They had a happy life, but they did not know how happy till the pretty life in the large house was over.
Peter had a toy engine and it broke. After dinner, Peter showed Father the engine. Father looked it over and promised to do it on Saturday.
At that moment two men came to see Father. Minutes passed. Father’s voice came out from the study, loud and angry.
More time passed. Then Mother came in and said, “Father’s been called away— on business.”
A week after their father went away, their mother said, “Now, we’re going to move to the country. A pretty little white house, called Three Chimneys. ”
The family started packing: clothes, plates, candles and also tables and chairs. “We seem to be taking all the ugly things,” said Roberta.
“We’re taking the useful ones,” said Mother. “We’ve got to play at being poor for a bit.”
Peter said joyously, “I do like moving! I wish we moved once a month.” Mother laughed and said, “I don’t like moving!”
As she turned away, Roberta saw her face. She never forgot it.
“Oh, Mother,” she whispered, “how I love you! You are brave enough to laugh when you’re feeling like that! ”
Then they took a train to Three Chimneys. No one knew how long they had been in the train when Mother woke them up.
They stood in the cold night air on the dark platform. At that moment they didn’t know how important the station and the trains would become to them. They didn’t know they were going to be the railway children.
— Taken from The Railway Children
34. The family packed things like plates and candles because Mother thought they were ________.
A. useful B. new C. expensive D. beautiful
35. Which of the following questions is answered in this passage?
A. How did Peter’s toy engine break?
B. When would