徐州-中考英语-阅读理解训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析.doc

徐州 中考英语 阅读理解训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析

一、中考英语阅读理解训练
1．阅读理解
    When Carson Palmer, a professional American football player, hurt his arm a few years ago, he took a week off to stop throwing the football. But in his head, Palmer practiced every day. The following weekend, Palmer had the best game of his life.
    For more than a century, scientists have been trying to understand how this mental training works. In the 1930s, researchers proved by experiment that when you're imagining an action, your brain sends signals to your muscles which are too weak to tighten the muscles but might help train the body to perform. In other words, mental practice might create a plan in your head, like a how-to guide for a special skill.
    Sports researchers have done hundreds of studies comparing imagined and physical practice for actions. In short, the studies show that mental training works. A 2012 study compared 32 nonprofessional golfers with another 32 who only imagined their action. Under the same training program, both groups improved their skills.
    Imagination has advantages over the real thing: You can do it anywhere and any time. It is safe---a main advantage for people such as gymnasts and doctors. And you can practice for longer periods of time because you're not controlled by physical tiredness. That's not to say it's easy. "we've had Olympic-level sportsmen sitting in our laboratory, imagining for two hours," says Tadhg Macintyre, a sports researcher in Ireland. "When we're done, they're completely tired."
    It doesn't work for everyone, though. "If you're a beginner, the influence can be harmful," warns Macintyre. If you're trying to imagine a free throw, and you don't even know the proper movement, then you're probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill, and your skill is going to be impaired."
（1）How does mental training act on one's physical practice?
A. Taking a week off from being tired.
B. Performing the action before imagining.
C. Using imagination to guide one's body.
D. Buying a how-to guide before mental training
（2）What do we know about imagination training?
A. It is not influenced by time and space.
B. It is easier to do than real practice.
C. It is more useful for golfers.
D. It is fit for everyone.
（3）What does the underlined word "impaired" in Para. 5 mean?
A. weakened                          B. mastered                          C. tested                          D. improved
（4）What can be the best title of the text?
A. A New Way of Doing Sports
B. Advantages of Imagination
C. Methods for Mental Practice
D. Mental Training Makes You better？
【答案】 （1）C
（2）A
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了心理训练与体育实践的关系，从而说明了心理训练会使你更好。
（1）细节题。 根据第二段...... when you're imagining an action, your brain sends signals to your muscles which are too weak to tighten the muscles but might help train the body to perform. In other words, mental practice might create a plan in your head, like a how-to guide for a special skill. 可知心理的训练可能在头脑中产生一个计划，指导你的技能，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据 Imagination has advantages over the real thing: You can do it anywhere and any time. 可知想像力可以在任何时间和地点都能做，不受时间和空间的影响，故选A。
（3） 词义猜测题。根据 If you're a beginner, the influence can be harmful, If you're trying to imagine a free throw, and you don't even know the proper movement, then you're probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill, 可知如果你是一个初学者，你不知道正确的动作，你凭借你的想像去做，可能做得差。可猜测出 impaired是差的或弱的，故选A。
（4）主旨题。根据文章内容，本文主要介绍了心理训练与体育实践的关系，从而说明了心理训练会使你（做得）更好。故选D。
 【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；词义猜测题是根据上下文，猜测出词义；主旨题需要通读全文了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读理解
                           Public holidays in the United States
Dates
Official Names
Remarks
January 1
New Year's Day
It celebrates the beginning of the year. Festivities include counting down to midnight on the preceding night, New Year's Eve, even with fire-work display and party.
Last Monday
Memorial Day
It honors the nation's war dead from the Civil War onwards, and marks the beginning of the summer season.
July 4
Independence Day
It celebrates the signing of the Declaration of Independence（独立宣言） from British rule, also called the Fourth Day of July. Firework celebrations are held in many cities throughout the nation.
First Monday in September
Labor Day
It celebrates the achievements
of workers and the labor movement；marks the unofficial（非官方的） end of the summer season.
Second Monday in October
Columbus Day
It honors Columbus, traditional discoverer of the Americas. In some areas it is Second, also a celebration of Italian culture.（Traditionally October 12）.In some states, it is celebrated as"Indigenous（土生土长的）People's Day"as a celebration of the Native Americans, not Columbus.
Fourth Thursday in November
Thanks-giving Day
Traditionally it celebrates the giving of thanks for the autumn harvest. raditionally it includes the sharing of a turkey dinner. Traditional start of the Christmas and holiday season.
（1）Memorial Day is          .
A. on May 30
B. to honor the Givil War
C. on last Monday in May
D. at the end of the summer season
（2）Which day is to honor the discoverer of the Americas?
A. Labor Day.           B. Columbus Day.           C. Thanksgiving Day.           D. Independence Day.
（3）Traditionally Thanksgiving Day is a day of thanking for           .
A. parents                      B. god                      C. the autumn                      D. the autumn harvest
（4）Which holiday is in September?
A. Memorial Day.             B. Columbus Day.             C. Labor Day.             D. Independence Day.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了几个美国节日 。
（1）推理题。根据 Last Monday 和 and marks the beginning of the summer season. 可知纪念日在5月份最后一个周一，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据 It honors Columbus, traditional discoverer of the Americas. 可知哥伦布日向美洲的发现者致敬，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据 Traditionally it celebrates the giving of thanks for the autumn harvest. 可知，传统上，它庆祝对秋收的感谢，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据 First Monday in September 可知劳工节在九月的第一个星期一 ，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

3．阅读理解
    I was travelling alone through the UK. To reach places that were off the public transportation map, I bought an old car, which cost most of my money. I couldn't afford to stay in a hotel, so I had to camp in my car for the rest of the trip.
    One morning I woke up in my old car on a country road in Ireland and saw a single house, The water in my thermos（保温瓶） had gone cold, so I knocked on the door of the house. A woman opened it. I asked her for some hot water. But she wouldn't let me get away with just that! I was invited indoors. She asked me to sit at the table and have breakfast with her family. They filled my thermos before I left.
    I was greatly moved. And I decided to pass the kindness on. The other day I met a young man who had been driving around to look for a parking lot. He looked increasingly upset. I was glad that I was able to point one out to him. His thankful smile was the hugest reward（奖赏） for me.
（1）The writer bought the car in order to ______________.
A. serve the public       B. travel more easily       C. take the trip alone       D. save more money
（2）Why did the writer camp in his car?
A. He was short of money.                                   B. It was his habit.
C. He could have a better rest.                            D. It would be warmer.
（3）The writer asked the woman for ______________.
A. a map                   B. a thermos                   C. some hot water                   D. a light breakfast
（4）How did the young man feel at last?
A. Funny.                          B. Upset.                          C. Disappointed.                          D. Thankful.
（5）What's the main idea of the text?
A. Travelling alone is interesting.                         B. Sharing food is a pleasure.
C. Kindness is the sunshine in life.                      D. Smile is important to everyone.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者去英国旅行时，负担不起待在旅馆，所以在车里待了一晚，第二天发现保温瓶里的水变凉了，所以去借水，一个女士让作者一起吃早饭，作者备受感动，决定把友善传递下去。
（1）细节题。根据To reach places that were off the public transportation map, I bought an old car, which cost most of my money.为了到达公共交通地图上找不到的地方，我买了一辆旧车，花了我大部分的钱，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据I couldn't afford to stay in a hotel, so I had to camp in my car for the rest of the trip.可知作者负担不起待在旅馆里，所以不得不待在车里，即缺钱，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据I asked her for some hot water.可知作者和她要热水，故选C。
（4）推断题。根据I was greatly moved. And I decided to pass the kindness on.我很感动。我决定把仁慈传给他，即感谢的，故选D。
（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了作者去英国旅行时，负担不起待在旅馆，所以在车里待了一晚，第二天发现保温瓶里的水变凉了，所以去借水，一个女士让作者一起吃早饭，作者备受感动，决定把友善传递下去。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解
    Good food photography（摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins（替身）, just as movie stars do. "When I get my lights and camera set up, I remove the stand-in and put in the real thing," explains Ray Webber, who photographs food for magazine advertisements. "Sometimes I have to brush the food with its juices because it may have dried out a bit. And when I'm shooting（拍摄）  something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer（喷雾器） of water to spray（喷洒） them with dew（水珠） just before I shoot."
    Shooting food outdoors has special problems. "I'm always worrying about flies or worms（虫） coming up the glass," Webber explains. "I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food." Once Webber was shooting a piece of cheese outdoors and needed something to add to its colour. Finally he found a plant with lovely blue flowers. When the photo appeared, several people were horrified （惊骇的）, because the plant was Deadly NightShade（颠茄，有毒）.
（1）According to the article, both movie stars and some food to be photographed    .
A. appear on sets（舞台）                                        B. need stand-ins
C. look better in soft light                                    D. all of the above
（2）Food probably looks best in photographs if it has been    .
A. sprayed some water          B. kept warm          C. salted properly          D. cooked thoroughly
（3）As for outdoor photography, Webber mentions    .
A. lighting                            B. worms                            C. wind                            D. both A and B
（4）Webber is afraid that dogs might    .
A. bark while he is shooting                                B. get into his pictures
C. steal the food                                                   D. upset （打翻） his camera
【答案】 （1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了摄影师 Ray Webber拍照的一些方法。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段   Good food photography（摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins（替身）, just as movie stars do. 可知，电影明星和一些食物摄影都需要替身。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段 And when I'm shooting（拍摄）  something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer（喷雾器） of water to spray（喷洒） them with dew（水珠） just before I shoot. 可知，食物在拍摄之前喷洒上一些水，可能看起来最好。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段 I'm always worrying about flies or worms（虫） coming up the glass .可知，在提到户外摄影的时候， Webber 提到他担心虫子从草那上来。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第二段 I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food. 我同样也担心某天一只狗会从后面出现，带着食物跑了，可知他担心狗偷走食物。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

5．阅读理解

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Can you work 8 hours a day to help sort parcels （分拣包裹） from late January to the end of February？
Pay rates
7:00 am---6:00 pm ￥12/ hour
6:00 pm---7:00 am ￥15/ hour
If you are careful and can work well with others, please join us.
For more information, call 400-889-5543.
（1）If Wang Qiang works from 9:00 am to 5 pm, how much can he get a day?
A. ￥60                                   B. ￥75                                   C. ￥96                                   D. ￥120
（2）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. People working at night get more money.
B. Any person under 45 can apply for the job.
C. People have to start to work at the end of February.
D. The job is to get parcels to Sto Express.
（3）The material may be from a _____________.
A. book                            B. notice                            C. maganize                            D. newspaper
【答案】 （1）C
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是申通快递招聘广告，年龄，工作时间及报酬。
（1）细节理解题，根据广告中7:00 am---6:00 pm ￥12/ hour可知从上午9点到下午5点，共八个小时，每小时12美元，一天能挣96美元，故选C。
（2）细节理解题，根据7:00 am---6:00 pm ￥12/ hour从上午7点到下午6点每小时12美元； 6:00 pm---7:00 am ￥15/ hour从下午6点到早晨7点每小时15美元，通过对比可知晚上工作挣钱更多，故选A。
（3）推理判断题，这是一则广告，所以这个材料可能登在报纸上，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文是一则广告，主要涉及细节理解题，在文中找到答案的依据。

6．阅读理解
Art Training Course
Do you want to get $ 75~$ 200 each hour? You will get good jobs if you spend only a week on our courses about ads, TV programs, films and fashion.
Website: www. awardmakeupschool. com
Telephone number: 310—364—0665
Teaching English Overseas
A 4-week language course is offered monthly in Prague. It's helpful for you to get good jobs around the world.
Cost: $ 1,300 per month
Website:
Looking for a Roommate
I'm Mary. I have a house with three bedrooms. There are many things in it, like a TV, a washing machine and a fridge. You only need to pay $ 200 for it each month. And it includes the cost of surfing the Internet. There are two rules for you to obey: You mustn't make lots of noise in the house and you must keep the house clean.
E-mail: www.room.to.rent@hotmail. com
（1）If Jim wants to take the language course for two months, he'll have to pay _________.
A. $75                                 B. $ 200                                 C. $ 1,300                                 D. $ 2,600
（2）Mary's house provides the following things EXCEPT __________.
A. a computer                      B. a TV                      C. a fridge                      D. a washing machine
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The cost of the art training course is $ 75 each hour.
B. People should pay $ 1,300 for the language course each week.
C. If you often surf the Internet, you'd better not rent Mary's house.
D. People who want to live in Mary's house should pay $ 1,200 half a year.
【答案】 （1）D
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】（1）细节理解题。根据文中的表格二Teaching English Overseas A 4-week language course is offered monthly in Prague．It's helpful for you to get good jobs around the world．Cost：1300per month可知学习英语每个人每个月1300元，两个月就是2600元，故选D。 
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的表格三There are many things in it，like a TV，a washing machine and a fridge．可知房子里有电视，洗衣机和冰箱，没有提到电脑，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中的表格三You only need to pay 200for it each month可知 一间卧室月租是200，半年就是200X6=1200，所以要想成为玛丽的合租室友，半年要付1200，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

7．阅读理解

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