2023中考英语阅读理解试题分类汇编1(1).doc

中考英语阅读理解汇编练习试卷
一、中考英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解
    Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge（ HZMB）opened on October 24, 2018. It's the longest cross-sea bridge in the world. The bridge is 55 kilometers long. It connects Hong Kong and Macao to the Chinese mainland city of Zhuhai. Construction（建筑工程） on the HZMB began  in 2009. It is considered as one of the "seven wonders（奇迹）of the modern world".
    The HZMB is the only one in many ways. It can withstand wind speeds of up to 185km/h and earthquakes with magnitude（震级） of up to8. It's designed to have a service life（寿命）of 120 years, 20 years longer than most bridges.
    And It' s not just a bridge, but also part tunnel（隧道） and part island. In one section（部分）,the bridge tums into a 6.7﹣km undersea tunnel. And the tunnel passes through two man﹣made islands. The tunnel is the world's longest undersea tunnel for road traffic, allowing large ships to continue passing through the sea area above the tunnel.
    The HZMB makes it more convenient to travel between the three areas. It can shorten （缩短） the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai. People used to spend four hours, but now it takes about 45 minutes.
    By making local cities and areas closer together, the HZMB helps the areas' development. It can develop the economy （经济）of Hong Kong, Macao and nine Guangdong cities.
（1）When did the HZMB open？
A. On October 24, 2009.
B. On November 24, 2009.
C. On October 24, 2018.
D. On December 24, 2018.
（2）What does the underlined word "withstand" mean in Chinese？
A. 坚守                                     B. 躲避                                     C. 减轻                                     D. 承受
（3）The bridge can help the three areas in many ways EXCEPT      .
A. developing the economy of the three areas
B. making the three areas have fewer earthquakes
C. making local cities and the three areas closer together
D. shortening the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai
（4）How long does it take to travel from Hong Kong to Zhuhai according to the passage？
A. About 45 minutes.         B. About 55 minutes.         C. About 2 hours.         D. About 4 hours.
（5）Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage？
A. The bridge is 55 kilometers long.
B. Construction on the HZMB began in 2009.
C. The service life of the HzMB is 20 years shorter than most bridge.
D. In one section, the undersea tunnel passes through two man made islands.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
（5）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文将的是珠港澳大桥。它的开通时间和所起的作用。
（1）细节理解题。根据Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge（ HZMB）opened on October 24， 2018. 香港珠海澳门大桥（HZMB）于2018年10月24日开埠. 可知，它的开放时间是2018年10月24日。故选C。
（2）词意猜测题。根据本句It can withstand wind speeds of up to 185km/h and earthquakes with magnitude（震级） of up to8. 它可以承受高达185km/h的风速和震级高达8级的地震。可以推测，强风速和地震，大桥可以承受，因此withstand的意思是承受、抵住、顶住，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据①The HZMB makes it more convenient to travel between the three areas. ②It can shorten （缩短） the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai.  ③By making local cities and areas closer together， the HZMB helps the areas' development. It can develop the economy （经济）of Hong Kong， Macao and nine Guangdong cities. ①HZMB使得在三个区域之间旅行变得更加方便；②它可以缩短从香港到珠海的旅行时间； ③HZMB通过使本地城市和地区更紧密地结合在一起，帮助地区发展，发展香港、澳门和广东九个城市的经济，结合选项A、发展三大区域经济。B. 使这三个地区地震较少。C. 使地方城市和三个地区更紧密地联系在一起。D. 缩短从香港到珠海的旅行时间。可知，只有“使这三个地区地震较少”没有提到。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据 It can shorten （缩短） the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai.  People used to spend four hours， but now it takes about 45 minutes. 它可以缩短从香港到珠海的旅行时间。人们过去通常花费四个小时，但是现在需要大约45分钟。可知，从香港到珠海需要45分钟。故选A。
（5）细节理解题。根据 It's designed to have a service life（寿命）of 120 years， 20 years longer than most bridges. 它的设计寿命是120年，比大多数桥梁长20年。可知，HZMB的使用寿命比大多数桥梁长20年，而不是短20年，故选C。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。对于细节理解题，可直接从短文的细节中找出问题答案。对于词意猜测题要根据上下文的联系确定。
2．阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
    A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So, a zero-waste store is about providing a kind of everyday and pleasant-looking zero-waste products to help people start on a zero-waste life journey.
    "Zero waste" or "danshari" was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson. Her idea is: live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different kinds of ways to save the environment such as stopping the use of one-off objects; giving unwanted things to others or giving them away to organizations like the Red Cross.
    Yu Yuan, 27, is deeply interested in this idea. She and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to buy things without thinking about them carefully until she saw a video about "zero waste", in which a family of four placed the rubbish they produced every year in a jar （罐）. After watching the video, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend.
    A zero-waste life follows the 6R rule-Refuse Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot. Over August-October when Yu followed the rule of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.
    Now, the couple have opened a small shop in Beijing, where they use wood products to take the place of plastic ones and cloth bags printed with environmentally friendly logos. Most products sold in the store can be reused. The store also has second-hand books and CDs/DVDs with, ideas to make the best of the used things.
    "Those who once experienced the non-waste lifestyle have slowly changed their ideas," says Ya, "The zero-waste lifestyle is not for ascetics （苦行僧）. It is just around us at our finger-tips." Yu expects some of her friends to join her on the road to zero waste.
（1）Bea Johnson suggests that people should ________.
A. try to produce no rubbish in life
B. share objects with others
C. help their friends live comfortably
D. work hard for the Red Cross
（2）We can see from the passage that Yu Yuan ________.
A. offers plastic bags in her store
B. is influenced by the 6R rule
C. often buys things she doesn't need
D. likes listening to CDs very much
（3）What Yu Yuan says in the last paragraph probably means that ________.
A. lots of people doubt the zero-waste lifestyle
B. she feels it hard to continue her lifestyle
C. her friends have followed her lifestyle
D. the zero-waste lifestyle is not difficult to live
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Opening up a second-hand store
B. Recycling waste
C. Saving the environment
D. Joining the couple
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要通过生活中零消费人物法国人Bea Johnson和北京人Yu Yuan的实例来倡导零消费的生活方式，包括零消费的6R原则。
（1）细节理解题。根据Her idea is: live a life and try not to create any rubbish;过一种生活，不要制造垃圾。可知她的建议是在生活中尽量不产生垃圾， 故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Over August-October when Yu followed the rule of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.当余遵循零浪费的6R规则时，她和她的男朋友乔·哈维都只生产了两罐垃圾。可知她是个被6R原则影响的人，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据The zero-waste lifestyle is not for ascetics . It is just around us at our finger-tips.零浪费生活方式不适合做苦行家。它就在我们的身边，可知零消费的生活方式并不难，故选D。
（4）标题判断题。本文介绍零消费的生活方式就是在生活中尽量不产生垃圾，也就是保护我们的环境。选项C做符合文章的大意，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
3．阅读理解
    This is the school timetable of Class One, Grade Three, Sunshine School on Monday.
8:00-10:00 am
Technology In this lesson, students learn how to surf the Internet safely and effectively.
10:00-11;00 am
Drama During this lesson, students will have the chance to act out roles with other students. 
11:00-11:45 am
Painting Students learn how to use watercolors properly. If the weather is good, the lesson may take place outdoors.

LUNCH
1:00-2:00 pm
Science （Biology or chemistry） Students can choose which class to attend. In biology this week, students will learn about the bones in humans. In chemistry, the subject is How explosions happen. 
2:00-3:45 pm
SPORTS
2:00 pm
Theory（理论） Students learn about the skills used in a certain sport. We see real action from past games on videos.
3:00 pm
Practice Students will play a short match lasting 45 minutes. This week, the sports are soccer（the boys） and volleyball（for girls）. 
Homework
Technology - the teacher will give students websites to look up （about 20 minutes）
Drama - students have to learn a part for the next lesson （30-60 minutes）
Biology/chemistry - students have to write a report of the lesson（about 40 minutes）
（1）What time does the drama lesson begin?
A. At 8:00 am.                     B. At 10:00 am.                     C. At 1:00 pm.                     D. At 2:00 pm.
（2）How long does the science homework take?
A. At least 90 minutes.
B. About 20 minutes.
C. More than 60 minutes.
D. About 40 minutes.
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the timetable?
A. Students always take their painting lessons outsides.
B. Boy students will play a short soccer match this week.
C. Students will use skills in real games in the theory lesson.
D. Students learn how to fix computers in the technology lesson.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）D
（3）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍阳光学校三年级一班的周一上课时间表。
（1）细节理解题。根据10:00-11;00 am：Drama During this lesson, students will have the chance to act out roles with other students. 可知戏剧在这节课将在上午10：00开始，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Science （Biology or chemistry） Students have to write a report of the lesson（about 40 minutes） .可知科学作业花费大约40分钟，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Practice Students will play a short match lasting 45 minutes. This week, the sports are soccer（the boys） and volleyball（for girls）. 可知实习学生将进行一场持续45分钟的短比赛。本周的运动项目是男孩足球和女孩排球。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4．阅读理解

Dear Emma,
I have a problem and I need your help. My parents are really strict and never let me do anything! For example, when I go out with my friends, my mom always asks, "Where are you going? Who are you going with?" Two months ago, I got an earring and my father was really angry. He made me take it out. My parents want to control everything I do. But I'm 18 years old. I try to talk to my mom and dad, but they don't listen. They say, "This is our house and these are our rules." Then we have a fight. Why is it so hard for them to understand me?
Josh

Dear Josh,
You asked "Why is it so hard for them to understand me?" That's a good question. You're growing up, but often, it's hard for your parents to see this. To them, you are still a child and they want to protect you. Sometimes, it's hard to talk to your parents. Here is an idea: Write your father and mother a letter. Explain your feelings calmly. In the letter, describe your friends. Tell your parents about your friends and your life, too. Then maybe they will understand you better. After your parents read the letter, try to talk to them.
I hope this helps!
Emma
（1）Why is Josh writing a letter to Emma?
A. He needs her help.                                           B. Emma is a friend of his parents.
C. He wants to improve his writing skills.           D. He wants to make a friend with Emma.
（2）What is Josh's biggest problem with his parents?
A. They don't like his friends.                               B. They don't like his earring.
C. They don't want to control him.                      D. They don't let him do anything.
（3）Emma tells Josh to         his parents first.
A. write to                           B. talk to                           C. understand                           D. listen to
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）A
【解析】【分析】主要介绍Josh写给Emma的帮助信和Emma的回信。及怎样才能让父母理解自己。
（1）细节理解题。由在Josh写给Emma的信中： I have a problem and I need your help. 可知他需要帮助。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。由 在Josh写给Emma的信中My parents are really strict and never let me do anything!可知父母不要让他做任何事情。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。由在Emma写给Josh的回信中： Here is an idea: Write your father and mother a letter. Explain your feelings calmly. In the letter, describe your friends.可知让他先给父母写信。故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
5．阅读理解
    Are you the only child in the family? If so, you are the most important in your family. Parents are the closest people to you in the world. But a lot of middle school students have a problem. They feel they're not as close to their parents as before. They even don't think their parents are fair（公平的） to them.
    Some students complain that their parents often say a lot to them, but never listen to them. Some say their parents don't allow them to play computer games when other classmates are doing that. Others say when they're making phone calls to friends, their parents like to ask if they're speaking to a boy or a girl. These make them very unhappy. Some students even decide to leave home because they're afraid to tell their parents when they have done something wrong, especially when they do badly in exams. Then they usually think running away is the only choice（选择）. But they don't know running away may bring them some more problems.
    Problems are parts of life. Here are some suggestions for you to solve your problems.
    ⑴ Find a good chance to talk with your parents.
    Don't be afraid to tell them your feelings.
    ⑵ Get help from others like good friends or teachers.
    ⑶ Keep a diary to help you understand more about yourself and your feelings.
    ⑷ Show your parents you're growing up. Then they'll feel you're no longer a small child.
    If you follow the advice, you'll have a happy life and never think of running away.
（1）According to the article,         are the closest people to an only child.
A. teachers                           B. classmates                           C. parents                           D. friends
（2）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Parents don't love their children now.
B. Middle school students don't have any problem.
C. Some students don't think their parents are fair to them.
D. Some students think their parents are fair to them.
（3）We'd better        if we have problems.
A. talk with our parents                                        B. quarrel with our parents
C. leave our parents                                             D. leave home at once
（4）Why does the author advise to keep a diary?
A. Because it's our homework.
B. Because it can help us practice writing.
C. Because it can help us understand ourselves better.
D. Because it's very important.
（5）This article is about some middle school students'      .
A. friends                            B. hobbies                            C. problems                            D. parents
【答案】 （1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了一些学生出现的问题及解决建议。
（1）细节题。根据Parents are the closest people to you in the world.可知父母是最亲近的人，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据They even don't think their parents are fair（公平的） to