人教版英语专题训练-八年级英语下册语法填空(word).doc

人教版英语专题训练 八年级英语下册语法填空（word）

一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
    A young husband ________（lose） his life in a war. He left behind his wife, Mary and his son, Jimmy. Mary and Jimmy were very poor and their life was very hard. The wife tried her best to look after her son with the best ________（educate）.
    Jimmy studied hard and became ________ engineer. He moved to a city and found a good job there. He used to write letters and sent ________ to his mother. He went back home and visited his mother every year. ________, year by year, Jimmy didn't travel home to visit his mother with many different ________（excuse）.
    When the mother died, Jimmy returned home ________（sad）. Jimmy saw a box in his mother's bedroom. He opened the box and found ________ in it. There was lots of money and a piece of paper. It said, "My son. Here ________（be） the money you sent to me. I don't spend much money. I miss you a lot. Every time I hear a car passing by, I run out of the door. But it wasn't my son, I saved the money for you. You can use it ________ you get sick."
【答案】 lost；education；an；them；However；excuses；sadly；something；is；when/if
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Jimmy因为工作忙而没能经常和妈妈联系，直到妈妈去世，妈妈给他留了一些钱以备不时之需。
（1）句意：一位年轻的丈夫在战争中失去了生命。描述过去用一般过去时，lose的过去式lost，故填lost。
（2）句意： 妻子尽力照顾儿子，给他最好的教。best是形容词，其后应是名词，educate的名词是education ，故填 education 。
（3）句意：Jimmy努力学习，成为了一名工程师。engineer是用元音音素开头的单数名词，故用不定冠词an表示泛指一个，故填an。
（4）句意： 他过去常写信并邮寄给他母亲。send sth to sb，固定搭配，把某物邮寄给某人，故send后去是宾语，此处是宾格them指代letters，故填them。
（5）句意：一年又一年，吉米没有回家看望他母亲，但有很多不同的借口。此处表示转折，位于逗号前，故用however，故填 However。
（6）句意：一年又一年，吉米没有回家看望他母亲，但有很多不同的借口。many修饰名词复数 ，故填 excuses。
（7）句意：当他的妈妈去世时他悲伤地回到家。副词修饰动词returned，sad的副词是sadly，故填sadly。
（8）句意：他打开盒子发现里面有些东西。肯定句用something表示某物，故填 something。
（9）句意：这是你寄给我的钱。描述客观事实用一般现在时，money是不可数名词，故be动词是is，故填is。
（10）句意：如果/当你生命的时候你可以用它。根据时态是主将从现，可知此处是时间状语从句或条件状语从句，故引导词 when/if 均可，故填 when/if 。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
    Long long ago, there lived a little princess named Nu Wa. She was the________ （young） daughter of Emperor Yan.
    Nu Wa loved watching the sunrise. One day, she got a boat and went to the East China Sea alone without________（tell） her father. While she was boating on the sea,________strong wind came. Her boat sank（沉）into the sea and so________（do）Nu Wa.
    After her________（die） , her spirit（灵魂）changed into a beautiful bird. People________（call）the bird Jingwei.
    In order to revenge（报仇）, Jingwei flew between the mountain________the East China Sea,________  （carry） stones and dropping them into the sea. Day________day, she kept dropping. ________She couldn't fill the sea up（装满）, she never stopped.
【答案】 youngest；telling；a；did；death；called；and；carrying；after；If
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了精卫填海的故事。
（1）句意：她是炎帝最小的女儿。根据定冠词the可知是形容词最高级，young的最高级是youngest，故填 youngest。
（2）句意：有一天，她没有告诉父亲就自己乘船去了东海。without是介词，其后应是动名词，tell的动名词是telling，故填telling。
（3）句意：当她在海上划船是，一阵强风袭来。wind是名词单数，此处表示泛指，strong以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a表示一阵，故填a。
（4）句意：她的船沉到海底，女娲也是。so+谓语（助动词）+主语，固定句型，......也是，根据 sank 可知时态是一般过去时，故助动词是did，故填did。
（5）句意：她死后，她是灵魂变成了一只美丽的鸟。her是形容词性物主代词，其后是名词，die的名词是death，......的死，故填death。
（6）句意：人们叫它精卫。描述过去用一般过去时，call的过去式是called ， 故填called。
（7）句意：为了报仇，精卫在山岭与东海之间飞来飞去，带着石头抛入海中。此处是并列连词连接并列宾语，故用and，和 ，故填 and。
（8）句意：为了报仇，精卫在山岭与东海之间飞来飞去，带着石头抛入海中。carry和主Jingwei是主动关系，故用现在分词做状语，carry的现在分词是carrying，故填 carrying。
（9）句意： 日复一日，她不停地往下扔。day after day，固定搭配， 日复一日 ， 故填 after。
（10）句意：如果她不能填满大海，她就永远不会停止。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，表示假设，如果，故填If。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适合的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Beauty and the Beast（野兽）
    A selfish and unkind prince lived in a castle. One cold winter night, the price refused ________（help）an old and poor lady. Then the lady changed into a witch（女巫）and changed the prince into a beast. When he learned to love a girl and was loved by her, he could become a person ________
    Not far ________ the castle lived a Beauty. She was a bright, beautiful and ________（dependent）girl.
    One dark winter day, Beauty's father got lost in the forest and came to the castle. The Beast was very angry and ________（put）the old man in prison. And the Beast didn't set ________（he）free until Beauty offered to take her father's place.
    ________, the Beast was kind ________Beauty and fell________（deep）in love with her. So did Beauty. But Gaston, who also loved Beauty, was very angry and ________（fight）with the Beast. At last, the Beast killed Gaston. Beauty rushed to the Beast and said "I love you!" With these words, the Beast suddenly turned into a prince. Beauty and the Beast lived happily from then on.
【答案】 to help；instead；from；independent；put；him；However；to；deeply；fought
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了美女与野兽的故事。
（1）句意：在一个寒冷的冬夜，王子拒绝帮助一个可怜的老女人。refuse to do，固定搭配，拒绝做，故填 to help。
（2）句意：当他学会了爱一个女孩，并且被她爱的时候，他可以变成一个人。instead， 反而 ，副词，常用于句末 ，故填 instead。
（3）句意：离城堡不远，住着一位美人。far from，离……远，故填 from。
（4）句意：她是一个聪明、美丽而独立的女孩。根据beautiful and可知此处是形容词，dependent，是形容词，独立的 ， 故填 independent。
（5）句意：野兽非常生气，把老人关进了监狱。put in prison，固定搭配，关进监狱，讲述过去用一般过去时，put的过去式是put ， 故填 put。
（6）句意：野兽没有放他，直到美女主动提出取代她父亲的位置。set sb free，固定搭配， 释放某人 ，动词set后是宾格做宾语，和的宾格是him，他 ， 故填 him。
（7）句意：然而，野兽对这个美人很好，深深爱上了她。根据 Beast was very angry 和 the Beast was kind 可知此处表示转折关系，在句首逗号前用however，但是，故填 However。
（8）句意：然而，野兽对这个美人很好，深深爱上了她。be kind to sb，固定搭配，善待某人，故填to。
（9）句意：然而，野兽对这个美人很好，深深爱上了她。副词修饰动词fell，deep的副词是deeply，深深地，故填 deeply。
（10）句意：但是也爱美人的加斯东非常愤怒，并与野兽战斗。fight with sb，固定搭配，和某人战斗，描述过去用一般过去时，fight的过去式是fought ， 故填 fought。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

4．阅读下面的短文，请根据所给的中文写出单词的正确形式，每空一词。
    Have you ever picked up a pen to write some characters, but you can't ________（记得） what they look like?
    You're not alone. CCTV-10 started a show ________（叫做） Chinese Character Dictation Com-petition （《中国汉字听写大会》） last year. On the show, only three out of 10 adults________（正确地）wrote bingjiling （ice cream 冰激凌）, and no one could   write out penti （sneeze喷嚏）. According to a survey, 94.1% of people said they had memory lapses （差错） when ________（写） some characters.
    It seems that Chinese characters are in danger. Since the digital（数码） age began, fewer and ________（少） people use pens and paper. Most people now write Chinese on keyboards using pinyin. As a________（结果）, many people would forget the features（特征）of a Chinese character, such as its structure and ________（意思）easily.
    Chinese characters are one of the world's________（古老的）written languages, dating back （追溯到） to 1100 BC. It's not only a way for us to record things,________（而且）it's important to pass on Chinese culture. For example, the character nan （male男） is made up of two________（部分）, tian （farmland田） and li （strength力）. We can tell from it that in the old times Chinese men were in charge of （负责） working on the farmland.

5．【答案】 helped；house；up；useful；sitting；had；my；shouting；loudly；got/ became/ was
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一则寓言故事，主人家的一头驴很羡慕小狗因为它始终得不到主人的宠爱，驴认为，如果它按照狗的做法去做，主人也会把它当作宠物。事实上，它的做法令主人很害怕，大喊救命。被人用棍子赶出家门。这个故事告诉我们：做任何事情都要各司其职，不要做与自己无关的事情。
（1）考查一般过去时。句意：驴和狗都在许多方面帮助主人。根据本文是一则故事，要用一般过去时。动词help过去式helped。故答案为：helped 。
（2）考查名词。句意：一天晚上，两个小偷闯进了农夫的房子。根据下文One night, the thieves again entered the farmer's house. 可知上文也是进入农夫的房子里。故答案为：house。
（3）考查固定短语。句意：农夫站起来，邻居们也站起来。根据下文 So they caught the two thieves. 可知他们都起来，才能抓住那两个贼。get up起床，固定短语。故答案为：up。
（4）考查形容词。句意：从那天起，驴子决定向主人表明，他也可以像狗一样有用。空格前有连系动词be，要用形容词作表语。use使用，动词或名词用处。形容词useful。答案为：useful。
（5）考查固定搭配。句意：当小偷往里看时，他们看见狗正坐在正门外面。see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事；see sb. do sth.看见某人做了某事。根据上文 As the thieves looked in,  可知look与see动作是同时发生的，要用现在分词seeing做宾补。故答案为：sitting。
（6）考查固定搭配。句意：我们最好马上走。had better do sth.最好做某事。固定搭配。故答案为：had。
（7）考查代词。句意：这是让我向我的主人展示我是有用的一个机会。根据  "It is a good chance for me to show 7 master that I can be useful. The thieves have run away. If I start 8（shout）, the master will thank me." 可知是驴自我思考的过程，是以第一人称叙述的。空格后有名词master，要用形容词性物主代词my。故答案为：my。
（8）考查固定搭配。句意：如果我开始叫喊，主人会感谢我的。start doing sth.开始做某事。固定搭配。故答案为：shouting。
（9）考查副词。句意：于是驴子开始大声撕叫。修饰动词bray，要用副词。loud的副词loudly。故答案为：loudly。
（10）考查一般过去时。句意：农夫听到驴子的撕叫声，十分生气。angry生气，形容词，要用连系动词get/become/be，且要用一般过去时，主语是he，be要用was；get的过去式got；become的过去式became。故答案为： got/ became/ was 。
【点评】考查语法填空。主要涉及的名词、一般过去时、固定搭配、代词、副词和形容词。

6．【答案】 of；stayed；a；got；finished；So；with；reading；went；enjoys
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了埃文斯女士在中国的工作和生活情况。
（1）句意：埃文斯女士来自芝加哥市。the city of…固定搭配，……市，故答案是of。
（2）句意：她在中国待了一年，本句为现在完成时，因此谓语动词使用过去分词stayed，故答案是stayed。
（3）句意：她一周工作五天。一周五天，five adys a week，固定搭配，故答案是a。
（4）句意：每天，她早早起床。本文描述的是埃文斯在中国工作时的情况，因此使用一般过去时，get的过去式是got，故答案是got。
（5）句意：大约五点，她完成工作。结合前文可知，本句依然是一般过去时，finish的过去式是finished，故答案是finished。
（6）句意：于是，晚饭后她帮助他做作业。根据 Her son was new in Beijing. 可知，他儿子需要帮助，因此她就帮着做作业了，故答案是So。
（7）句意：于是，晚饭后她帮助他做作业。help sb with sth.帮着做某事， 故答案是with。
（8）句意：之后，她喜欢读书上网。like doing sth. 喜欢做某事，固定短语，故答案是reading。
（9）句意：她睡觉晚。go to bed睡觉，结合语境可知句子应为一般过去时，go的过去式是went，故答案是went。
（10）句意：但是她说他喜欢在这里工作，因为中国人很友好。本句说的的是现在的情况，应使用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词使用单三形式，故答案是enjoys。
【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格掌握其大意，然后根据文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，主意考虑句型，语法，搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。

7．【答案】 or；about；lonely；to walk；friends；make；and；well；because；loudly
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是每个人都有幸福。当你遇到不幸福时，总有人会帮你找到幸福。
（1）句意：穷人或富人，每个人能有幸福。可知此处指的是无论男人还是女人，可知此处是or，表示选择，故答案为：or。
（2）句意：你不必去想太多关于那些有钱人的事。about，关于，think...about...，思考关于……故答案为：about。
（3）句意：他们可能感到孤独因为他们的房子太大了。根据 because their houses arc too big 由于房子大，没人陪所以感到孤独，lonely孤独的，形容词作表语，故答案为：lonely。
（4）句意：并且他们可能想在农村的路上行走因为他们每天在忙碌的城市开车上班。want to do sth.想要做某事，故答案为：to walk。
（5）句意：当你不快乐时你的朋友会帮助你。你的朋友不止一个，可知此处friend用复数，故答案为：friends。
​​​​​​​（6）句意：这肯定会使你快乐。助动词will后跟动词原形，故答案为：make。
（7）当你努力学习，你将得到好成绩并且当然你会为此感到高兴。这两句之间的关系是顺承关系，关系词用and，故答案为：and。
​​​​​​​（8）句意：如果你感到不舒服，你的父母会照顾你，你也将感到高兴。根据 your parents will take good care of you 可知此处指身体健康，身体健康用well，故答案为：well。
（9）句意：当你贫穷时，你也可以说你感到幸福因为你可能看到其它一些钱买不到的东西。这两句之间是因果关系，连词用because，故答案为：because。
​​​​​​​（10）当你有问题时，大声说你很幸福因为你有更多的机会挑战自己。副词修饰动词，loud大声的，形容词，loudly大声地，副词，故答案为：loudly。
【点评】此题考查语法填空。我们先跳过空格阅读短文，理解短文大意，然后仔细阅读每个句子，根据上下文的联系和句子的意思，确定句子中所缺的词，用所给单词的适当形式填空或填上适当的词使文章结构完整。然后进行核查，确定正确答案。

8．【答案】 started
【解析】【分析】句意：我们什么时候开始聚会？所有的客人都到了。固定结构get sth. done表示让某事被做，故填started。
【点评】考查固定结构。注意动词非谓语形式的正确运用。

二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．阅读理解
    Have you ever thought about what our food will be like in the future? As the population is growing fast, there must be changes in our food.
    More land will be used for building houses for people. Then there will be less space for cattle and chickens, so meat will be more expensive. Instead, people will eat more fruit and vegetables.
    Scientists are always trying out new ways of growing food. Only one third of the Earth's area is land and the rest is sea, so some think maybe we can get more food from the sea.
    Besides, though rice supports more than half of the world's population, it needs a lot of water to grow. Scientists predict（预测） the climate will get drier during the next century. Therefore, it might be impossible to grow rice in the future. Some farmers are experimenting with new crops. Farmers like to grow beans because they don't need much water, and beans also improve the quality of the soil. The soybean （黄豆） makes a good substitute（替代品） for rice and meat.
（1）Why won't some people eat meat every day in the future according to the passage?
A. Because meat makes people fat.                 B. Because meat may be more expensive.
C. Because people want to be healthier.         D. Because people want to eat more vegetables.
（2）Where can we get more food according to the passage?
A. From the sea.           B. From the land.            C. From the rivers.           D. From other planets.
（3）Why might it be impossible to grow rice in the future according to the passage?
A. Because growing rice is hard work.               B. Because people will eat less rice.
C.   Because rice needs much water to grow.    D. Because it takes too much time to grow rice.
（4）Which of the following about beans is NOT true?
A. Beans may be popular for farmers to grow.   B. Beans need as much water as rice to grow.
C. Beans improve the quality of the soil.            D. Beans can take the place of rice and meat.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是将来人们的食物会是什么样的。在将来肉很贵，人们将吃的更多的是水果和蔬菜。人们从海洋中得到更多的食物。随着下个世纪气候的变干旱，在将来种植水稻是不可能的。人们会种植豆类，黄豆会制成米和肉好的替代品替。
（1）细节理解题。根据 Then there will be less space for cattle and chickens, so meat will be more expensive.那时牛和鸡的生存空间更小了，因此肉将更贵。 故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Only one third of the Earth's area is land and the rest is sea, so some think maybe we can get more food from the sea. 地球只有三分之一是陆地，因此一些人认为或许我们能从海洋获取更多的食物。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Besides, though rice supports more than half of the world's population, it needs a lot of water to grow. 此外，虽然，水稻支撑着世界上一半多人口，它需要很多水来种植，故选C。
​​​​​​​（4）细节理解题。根据  Farmers like to grow beans because they don't need much water,  农民们喜欢种植豆类，因为它们不需要很多水。可知选项C是错误的，故选B。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。我们在做题之前先阅读短文，了解短文大意，然后分析问题，带着问题读文章，从短文的细节中找到问题答案。

10．阅读理解
    Everyone worries. But how do you deal with your worries? Whether your worries are big or small, you can take these steps to deal with your worries.
    Try to find out what you are worry about.
    Sometimes, you will know what you're worried about. Other times, you might not. Try to find it out. If you can't, you can ask for help.
    Think of ways to make it better.
    There is always something you can do to help you feel less worried. Sitting there worrying is no fun and it won't solve your problem.
    Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you are worried about grades, ask yourself these questions:
     Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me?
    （A）How do I get ready for class? Do I go over my notes even when there isn't a test?
    （B）Do I have a good place to do my homework?
    （C）Have I tried different ways of studying?
    If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down all the things you could do—write a note to her or him, invite her or him to a basketball game, say sorry to her or him, etc. Once you have a list of things you could do, you can choose the one that gets your friend back.
    Ask for help.
    When you are worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. You can ask your parents, friends or teachers for help.
（1）How many steps are mentioned to deal with your worries in the passage?
A. Two.                                  B. Three.                                  C. Four.                                  D. Seven.
（2）If you're worried about your grades, you can ask yourself these questions EXCEPT "________".
A. Why are grades important?
B. What do grades mean to me?
C. How do I get ready for class?
D. Why don't my friends like me?
（3）According to the passage, what will you do if you have a fight with your friend?