2020-2021年-八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结复习及练习测试题(word)1.doc

2020-2021年 八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结复习及练习测试题（word）1

一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．语法填空
    Which is better, writing or typing（打字）? These days, many college students have given up taking class notes by hand.________, they type on laptops because they think typing is fast, and they can type________ （many） notes, But research has shown that taking notes by hand is in fact better for long term memory.
    In the research, students were asked to listen________ a teacher. Some took notes by typing on a laptop. The ________ （other） took notes by writing them down. Then they were given a test. Both groups got almost the same result in________ （remember） the facts. But students who typed their notes did worse on conceptual （概念的） questions.
    Why is it like this? The answer is that writing by hand is slow, but it gives the students more time________ （think） about the questions they don't understand. They are________ to write down the main points. "This leads to a deeper understanding," say the scientists.
    However, the students typing notes on a laptop________ （usual） just write down what the teacher says word for word in class. Although they can write more notes, they just type without really________（think） about what they are typing. "This usually leads to mindless transcription （抄
录）,"say the scientists.
    So if you want to remember something________（well）, write it by hand!
【答案】 Instead；more；to；others；remembering；to think；able；usually；thinking；better
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文论述了到底用手做比你好还是打字好，人们认为用手写字能够让人们进行深入思考，好找人们用手写字。
（1）句意：相反，他们用笔记本电脑打字，因为他们认为打字快。这是两个进行比较的句子，使用instead表示强调，故答案是Instead。
（2）句意：他们可以打印更多的笔记。对应前面的打字快，可以推测打印更多的笔记，应使用比较级many的比较级是more，故答案是more。
（3）句意：在调查中，学生被问到听老师讲课。listen to，听……固定搭配，故答案是to
（4）句意：其他人用手写字做笔记。some…the others，一些……其余的，故答案是others。
（5）句意：两组事实上得到了相同的结果。in是介词，介词后的动词使用ing形式，故答案是remembering。
（6）句意：这样会给学生跟多的去思考他们不明白的问题。思考问题作定语修饰time，因此使用动词不定式，故答案是to think。
（7）句意：他们能够记下重点。be able to能够，固定搭配，故答案是able。
（8）句意：然而，学生们通常在笔记本电脑上打印笔记。usual做状语，应使用副词usually，故答案是usually。
（9）句意：他们只是打字，没有真正的思考。withoutWie介词，介词后的懂事使用ing形式，故答案是thinking。
（10）句意：如果你想把东西记忆得更好，用手记下来。根据前面的叙述可知，右手写字可以深入思考，记忆会更好，因此使用比较级better，故答案是better。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。

2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
    When I was a little girl, I wanted to be an English ________ （teach）. When I grew up a little bit, I had great interests in ________. I loved going to concerts（音乐会） with my friends and reading music books and ________ （magazine）. During my last few months at high school, my dream was to ________ a reporter for a music publication（刊物）. ________ I learned writing in college. But my teacher said my writing was terrible, and I ________ not be a good reporter. My friends also told me it was difficult ________ （find） a reporter job. Then I began ________ （learn） public relation（公共关系）, because I enjoyed ________ （talk） with people.
    But now I work as an editor for a newspaper, I got the job because of my ________ （write） skills. So don't let anyone tell you that you can't be what you want to be.
【答案】 teacher；music；magazines；be/become；So；could；to find；to learn；talking；writing
【解析】【分析】文章大意：我小的时候想当一位英语老师。后来我对音乐很感兴趣，我想为一家音乐刊物当记者。我现在是一家报纸的编辑。
（1）句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我想当一名英语老师。teach，教，动词；由文中的语句I want to be an English…提示可知此句表示想成为一名英语老师，teacher，可数名词，由an提示要用单数形式，故答案为teacher。
（2）句意：当我长大一点的时候，我对音乐有很大的兴趣。根据后文的语句I loved going to concerts（音乐会） with my friends and reading music books提示可知，我对音乐感兴趣，music，不可数名词，故填music。
（3）句意：我喜欢和朋友们一起去听音乐会，读音乐书籍和杂志。magazine，可数名词，杂志由前面books提示要用复数形式，故答案为magazines。
（4）句意：在高中的最后几个月里，我的梦想是成为一家音乐刊物的记者。根据文中的my dream及a reporter的提示可知，此句表示想成为记者。be或become，动词，前面有不定式符号to，故答案为be或become。
（5）句意：所以我在大学里学习了写作。根据上文中的my dream was to be a reporter提示可知，在大学里学习写作是结果，要用连词so，故填So。
（6）句意：但我的老师说我的写作很糟糕，我不会是一个好记者。根据上文语句But my teacher said my writing was terrible, 提示可知，此句表示我不可能成为一名好的记者，要用情态动词can，因表示过去，故答案为could。
（7）句意：我的朋友也告诉我很难找到一份记者的工作。固定句型结构it's+形容词+to do sth，做某事怎样，此句需要动词不定式，find，找到，发现，动词，故填to find。
（8）句意：后来我开始学习公共关系，因为我喜欢与人交谈。①learn，学习；begin to do sth，开始做某事，故填to learn；②talk，谈话；enjoy doing sth，喜欢做某事，故填talking。
（9）句意：我得到这份工作是因为我的写作能力。write，写作，动词。由because of可知，后面要用名词，或代词。writing skill，写作能力，故填writing。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适合的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
    A lot of people wish to be slim（苗条）, but at the same time they are ________ （worry） about their health. In fact, it is important for everyone ________ （lose）weight healthily. But how can you do it? Here's some good ________ （advice）.
    Drink plenty of water and eat a（n） ________ （health） diet. If you feel like eating snacks（零食）, drink a glass of water first. If you are still hungry after 15 minutes, then it's time ________ a light snack.  ________ （try） to stay away from food with high calories（卡路里）, such as sweets and fast food.
    Do not eat more than you can consume（消耗）. People get fat ________ they can't consume all the calories that they get. So knowing how many calories you really need ________ very important.
    Take enough exercise. The "333" is good for you exercise 3 times a week. For at least 30 minutes at ________ time, and pulse rate（脉搏率） should he more than 130m after exercising.
    Keep the three ________ （piece） of advice in mind and follow the advice. Then you'll surely have a slim and strong body.
【答案】 worried；to lose；advice；healthy；for；Try；because；is；a；pieces
【解析】【分析】短文大意：很多人想保持苗条，这里给了每个人三个建议，第一，喝大量的水和饮食健康，第二 ，不要吃太多，第三，经常锻炼。
（1）句意：许多人希望苗条，但是同时他们担心健康。根据短语be worried about，担心，故答案为worried。
（2）句意：实际上，它对每个人而言，健康减肥很重要。根据句型it is important for sb to do sth，对某人做某事很重要，可知空缺填入to lose，结合to后面加动词原形，故答案为to lose。
（3）句意：这儿有一些好的建议。根据advice是不可数名词，可知空缺填入advice，短语good advice，好主意，故答案为advice。
（4）句意：喝大量的水并且健康饮食。根据空缺的单词修饰diet，可知用形容词修饰，health—healthy，故答案为healthy。
（5）句意：如果你15分钟后仍然很饿，是时候吃一份小吃。根据短语it is time for sth，是时候吃，可知空缺填入介词for，故答案为for。
（6）句意：尝试原理高卡路里的食物。根据短语try to do sth，尝试做某事，结合此处为祈使句，用动词原形，填入try，位于句首首字母大写，故答案为Try。
（7）句意：人们之所以胖，是因为他们不能消耗掉他们得到的卡路里。根据句子前后描述的是因果关系，可知填入连词because，故答案为because。
（8）句意：因此知道你需要多少卡路里是很重要的。根据主语为动名词，可知谓语应该用单数，结合句子缺少谓语，填入is，故答案为is。
（9）句意：每一次至少锻炼30分钟，并且脉搏率在每次锻炼后超过130次。根据句子空缺的意义为每一次，短语at a time，每一次，故答案为a。
（10）句意：把以上3个建议记在心里并且遵循这些建议。根据空缺前面有three，可知piece应该用复数，为pieces，短语three pieces of，三种，故答案为pieces。
【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系句子前后，确定空缺单词， 结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。

4．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于3个单词）。
    Lin is a very kind girl. She is always ready to help people who are ________ trouble. Now Lin is studying in the University of Texas. At the same time, she volunteers ________（teach） at Heart House in her free time. Heart House is a local after-school study program for children. It provides some extra（额外的） ________（educate） for children who are not doing ________（good） in school. Lin goes to Heart House to teach the children ________（two） a week. She also makes a website for Heart House. In this way, people will learn more ________ Heart House and better help the children there. ________（thank） to Lin's website, every week 125 volunteers spend two hours helping the children at Heart House now. "________ Lin's website, Heart House would never be able to have enough volunteers，" the program leader says. "I feel happy to teach those kids ________ to study. I won't give up ________（volunteer）. I hope to continue teaching kids who need help." Lin says.
【答案】 in；to teach；education；well；twice；about；Thanks；Without；how；volunteering
【解析】【分析】文章大意：林是一个善良的女孩，现在在大学读书，他利用业余时间帮助那些没有学好的孩子补习，在他的帮助下，Heart House的影响力越来越大，有很多志愿者去那里工作。林还创建了网站吸引了更多的志愿者。
（1）句意：他总是准备帮助那些处于困境中的人。in trouble固定搭配，处于困境，故答案是in。
（2）句意：同时，他在业余时间Heart House志愿教学。volunteer to do sth.志愿做什么，在这里应使用动词不定式，故答案是 to teach 。
（3）句意：这样就给了那些在学校做的不好的学生额外的教育。根据some可知应使用名词形式，educate的名词是education，不可数名词，只有一种单数形式，故答案是 education 。
（4）句意：这样就给了那些在学校做的不好的学生额外的教育。从句子结构上看good是修饰doing的，do是动词，修饰动词使用副词，应将good改为well，故答案是well。
（5）句意：林一周两次去Heart House教孩子们。这里的two表示的是次数，two不能直接表示次数，应将two改为twice，故答案是twice。
​​​​​​​（6）句意：用这种方式，人们将更多的了解有关Heart House 的情况。learn sth about固定搭配，了解有关……的情况，故答案是about。
​​​​​​​（7）句意：多亏了林的网站。多亏thanks to，固定搭配，位于句首首字母大写，故答案是Thanks。
​​​​​​​（8）句意：没有林的网站，Heart House从不会有那么多的志愿者，没有without，故答案是Without。
​​​​​​​（9）句意：教给孩子们如何学习我很快乐。如何how，后跟动词不定式类似宾语从句，故答案是how。
​​​​​​​（10）句意：我不会放弃志愿工作。volunteer动词，根据句子结构可知应使用动名词形式， volunteer 的动名词直接加ing，故答案是volunteering。
【点评】考查单词在具体语境中的运用，通读全文了解文章大意，然后根据语法、语境个固定搭配逐一作答，再读全文核实答案并检查答案。

5．B. 根据中文提示，写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
    When I was in the middle school, I was good at many subjects ________ （除了） English. It was a little difficult for me and I often made ________ （错误） in the test. I felt very sad.
    Luckily, my English teacher Miss Li was ________（相当地）kind. She advised me to buy a dictionary and ________（提议，提出） to help me solve ________ （主要的，基础的） problems. Miss Li said that I ________（应该） speak English aloud and read ________（大量，众多） of English books. With her help, my English improved ________（迅速地,快地）. It was much ________ （更简单） for me to remember the words than before. And I became one of the actresses in the school English show at ________（终于，最后）.
    I was thankful to my dear English teacher, Miss Li.

6．阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
    My friend Jenny has a great interest in ________（learn） English. One day, I found she was writing something and I walked over to her: she was studying the grammar—the using of "it".
    However, she covered（遮盖） it when I came by. I was very ________（surprise） and asked her, "What are you doing?" "Nothing," she answered ________ a low voice.
    I didn't know why, did I________ （find） her "secret"? I just wanted to say "sorry". She replied, "Please don't laugh ________ me." "I did not do that. Why do you think in that way?" Then she told me that her English was not good and she was a little shy in learning English before others. That was the reason ________ she did not make any progress in the ________（speak） and written English. And I told her that no one would laugh at her in learning but ________（she）!
    Then I ________ （give） her some advice on learning English. I asked her to try her best________ （show） her English in order to find her mistakes and tell some stories to her friends and write about the things that she does during the day, and then she could make some progress.

7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
    Are you feeling very busy all the time? If you always think much work to do, it will make you feel ________ （bore）. You should know that you'll also have so many things to do tomorrow. Why ________ do the things you have to do today? So if you have a little time to relax, just enjoy yourself. It doesn't mean you are lazy. That is because only when you are relaxed, you can do best. Here are some ________ （way） for you to relax.
    Firstly, show love to everyone you meet. Talk to your friends ________ smile to a stranger. ________ （volunteer） at a hospital is also a good way. The more you give, the ________ you will get.
    ________, take away the old things you don't need or send them to someone ________ needs them.
    Thirdly, watch the world as a child does. Go ________ a walk in a park and have a picnic. It is helpful ________（lie） down on the grass and look at the blue sky. You can also sit down and listen to your favorite music or even dance to it. You'll find your life more interesting.

8．【答案】 since；costs；a；are；advantages；as；for；have known；more；to carry
【解析】【分析】短文大意：人们对太空探索观念不一，有人说太空探索浪费时间，但有人说太空探索有优点，太空探索已经为人类带来了很多好处。
（1）句意：自从人类第一次登陆月球，已经过了40年。结合句子提到has been，可知用了完成时态，空缺填入since，故答案为since。
（2）句意：花费数亿资金发展太空研究是对的，但是人们仅仅得到了一点信息。根据主语为it，可知谓语用单三，填入costs，故答案为costs。
（3）句意：花费数亿资金发展太空研究是对的，但是人们仅仅得到了一点信息。根据短语a little，一点点，可知空缺填入冠词a，故答案为a。
（4）句意：仍然有很多人相信太空探索有更多的优点。根据空缺后面是a lot of people，结合there be句型就近一致原则，可知谓语用复数，填入are，故答案为are。
（5）句意：仍然有很多人相信太空探索有更多的优点。根据空缺前面有more修饰，可知名词用复数，填入advantages，故答案为advantages。
（6）句意：许多新产品，比如天气和交通卫星，也是太空节目的产品。根据后文提到weather和communication satellites，可知此处表示举例，填入as，短语such as，例如，故答案为as。
（7）句意：并且它们为全世界人口服务。根据 短语be good for，对……好，可知空缺填入介词for。
（8）句意：更多的是，人们已经知道了外太空的一些科学知识。根据此处表示完成时态，填入have known，故答案为have known。
（9）句意：我们相信在未来，会带来更多的优点，我们现在无法想象。根据空缺的意义为更多的，填入many的比较级为more，故答案为more。
（10）句意：那就是为什么好几个国家尝试一直执行太空探索。根据短语try to do sth，尝试做某事，可知空缺填入to carry，短语carry out，实行，故答案为to carry。
【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系句子前后，确定空缺单词的意义，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。

二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．阅读理解
Help Lost Animals
We need to raise money to take care of lost dogs and cats. You can also adopt （收养）one if you like from March 25 to April 15.
Please help!
Animal Center
www.sa-animal foundation. org
Donate Your Old Clothes
Do you have clothes you don't wear anymore?
We'll collect them and give them to the poor all year round.
Love Foundation: 4237-6854
Seventh Grade Food Stand（货摊）
Do you want to enjoy fresh fruit juice and delicious fast food at a low price? Visit us at the school market on March 15!
Pingliang Junior High School
Cool Pet Show
Bring your pet to the talent show at 1:00 p. m. on Mar, 22. Have fun and win big prizes!
Expect to see you!
Redwood City Zoo
（1）Peter who wants to get a pet should go to __________________.
A. Animal Center
B. Love Foundation
C. Redwood City Zoo
D. Pingliang Junior High School
（2）Carol can give the old clothes to Love Foundation ___________________.
A. on March 15           B. on March 22           C. from March 25 to April 15           D. at any time
（3）Sally can ______________ in order to win big prizes.
A. make new clothes for her
B. visit the animals at Animal Center
C. take her pet dog for the talent show
D. help a student from Pingliang Junior High School
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文是广告类阅读，提供了四则关于领养宠物、旧衣捐赠、学习超市和宠物秀的广告信息。
（1）考查细节理解。题意：想要养宠物的彼得应该去动物中心。根据第一则信息You can also adopt one if you like from March 25 to April 15.和Please help!和Animal Center，可知如果喜欢可以去动物中心领养一只，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。题意：卡罗尔可以随时把旧衣服送给爱心基金会。根据第二则信息We'll collect them and give them to the poor all year round. 我们将把它们收集起来，一年到头送给穷人，可知能够随时赠送，故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。题意：莎莉可以带她的宠物狗参加才艺表演，以便赢得大奖。根据第三则信息Bring your pet to the talent show at 1:00 p. m. on Mar, 22. Have fun and win big prizes! 3月22日下午1点带你的宠物参加才艺表演，赢得大奖，故选C。
【点评】此题考查任务型阅读理解。我们在分析问题后根据提高和所给的选项从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的细节，找到正确答案。

10．根据短文内容判断正误。
    Do you have any hobbies? If students don't have any interests except school work, they may be bored people. And that can influence their studies.
    Studying without relaxing isn't good for health. We can't get good grades if we have bad health. We should make use of our free time. We should do what we like. Some people like singing, taking, photos and drawing pictures. Others prefer collecting stamps, reading or shopping.
    David is a middle school student. He has a few hobbies, but his favourite one is collecting stamps.
    He likes it be