2022年历年全国自考英语词汇学试题及参考答案.doc

4月全国自学考试--英语词汇学试卷及答案
第一部分 选择题
Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）
1.In Old English there was _______ agreement between sound form.（ ）
A. more
B. little
C. less
D. gradual
2.Both LDCE and CCELD are _______.（ ）
A. general dictionaries
B. monolingual dictionaries
C. both A and B
D. neither A and B
3.The word "MINISKIRT" is _______.（ ）
A. morphologically motivated
B. etymologically motivated
C. semantically motivated
D. none of the above
4.The most important way of vocabulary development in present-day English is _______.（ ）
A. borrowing
B. semantic change
C. creation of new words
D. all the above
5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become ________.（ ）
A. generalized
B. expanded
C. elevated
D. degraded
6.Some morphemes have _______ as they are realized by more than one morph according to their position in word.（ ）
A. alternative morphs
B. single morphs
C. abstract units
D. discrete units
7.Old English vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.（ ）
A. Italic
B. Germanic
C. Celtic
D. Hellenic
8.Compounds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _______.（ ）
A. semantics
B. grammar
C. phonetics
D. lexicology
9.If two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called _______.（ ）
A. repetition
B. alliteration
C. rhyme
D. none of the above
10.Which of the following words is a functional word?（ ）
A. Often
B. Never
C. Although
D. Desk
11.Rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _______.（ ）
A. semantic unity
B. structural stability
C. idiomatic variation
D. figure of speech
12.The advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _______.（ ）
A. use idioms correctly and appropriately
B. understand idioms correctly
C. remember idioms quickly
D. try a new method of classification
13.Borrowing as a source of homonymy in English can be illustrated by _______.（ ）
A. long（not short）
B. ball（a dancing party）
C. rock（rock'n'roll）
D. ad（advertisement）
14.The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT _______.（ ）
A. the influx of borrowing
B. repetition
C. analogy
D. shortening
15.Which of the following is NOT a component of linguistic context?（ ）
A. Words and phrases.
B. Sentences
C. Text or passage
D. Time and place
第二部分 非选择题
Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）
16.Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and ___________________.
17.The language used in England between 450 and 1150is called _________________.
18.CCELD is a ________________ dictionary.
19.In the phrase "the mouth of the river",the word "mouth" is _________________ motivated.
20.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is ________________ context.
Ⅲ.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)types of meaning changes;
2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context.（10%）

A B

21.Scandinavian（ ） A.mill（place where things are made）
22.Germanic（ ） B.grammatical
23.extension（ ） C.double meaning
24.narrowing（ ） D.Swedish
25.linguistic（ ） E.comprehend/understand
26.ambiguity（ ） F.Dutch
27.participants（ ） G.degermined
28.difference in denotation（ ） H.pigheaded
29.appreciative（ ） I.non-linguistic
30.pejorative（ ） J.iron（a device for smoothing clothes）
Ⅳ.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2）types of word formation or prefixes.（10%）
31.predict（ ）
32.motel（ ）
33.potatoes（ ）
34.blueprint（ ）
35.preliminaries（ ）
36.Southward（ ）
37.demilitarize（ ）
38.hypersensityve（ ）
39.retell（ ）
40.multi-purposes（ ）
Ⅴ.Define the following terms.（10%）
41.acronymy
42.native words
43.elevation
44.stylistic meaning
45.monolingral dictionary
Ⅵ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should the clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（12%）
46.How many types of motivation are there in English? Give ONE example for each type.
47.What are the major sources of English synonyms? Illustrate your points.
48.What are the clues generally provided in verbal context?
Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18%）
49.analyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.Recollection, nationalist, unearthly
50.Pick out the idioms in the following extract and explain its origin and the effect of using this form."Well, it's the old story of the stitch in time," he said.

答案
4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语词汇学试题参照答案

Ⅰ.(30%)
1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D

Ⅱ.(10%)
16.transfer
17.OLD English
18.monolingual
19.semantically
20.extralinguistic/non-linguistic

Ⅲ.(10%)
21.D
22.F
23.A
24.J
25.B
26.C
27.I
28.E
29.G
30.H

Ⅳ.(10%)
31.bound root
32.（head+tail）blinding
33.inflectional affix/morpheme
34.a+n
35.full conversion
36.suffix
37.reversativ
38.prefix of degree
39.prefix
40.number prefix

Ⅴ.(10%)
41.The process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms.
42.Native words, also known as Anglo-Saxon words, are words brought to Britian in the 5th century by the Germanic tribes.
43.The process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.
44.The distinctive stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.
45.A dictionary written in one language, or a dictionary in which entries are defined in the same language.

Ⅵ.(12%)
46.There are four types of motivation:
1）Onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.
2）Morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.
3）Semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.
4）Etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.
47.Key points:borrowing; dialects and regional English; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidence with idiomatic expressions.
48.Key points:definition; explanation; example; synonymy; antonymy; hyponymy; relevant details and word structure.

Ⅶ.(18%)

49.
1）Each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection（re+collect+ion）,nationalist（nation+al+ist）,unearthly（un+earth+ly）.
2）Of the nine morphemes, only "collect","nation" and "earth" are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.
3）All the rest re-,-ion,-al,-ist,un- and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.

50.
1）the stitch in time ----- a stitch in time saves nine（3分）
2）proverbs are concise, forcible and thought-provoking（1分）
3）using an old saying is more persuasive（2分）
4）the short form saves time, more colloquial（2分）
5）indicates intimacy or close relationship（1分）
4月份全国高等教育自学考试
英语词汇学试题及答案
英语（本科）专业
第一部分 选择题
I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement
and put the letter in the bracket（30％）
1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example[ ]
A. lewd → ignorant
B. silly → foolish
C. last → pleasure
D. knave → boy
2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: [ ]
A. humour
B. sarcasm
C. ridicule
D. all the above
3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. [ ]
A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation
B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation
C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation
D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation
4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. [ ]
A. synecdoche
B. metonymy
C. substitution
D. metaphor
5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. [ ]
A. adjectivesB. attributes
C. modifiers
D. words
6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used. [ ]
A. vocabulary
B. grammar
C. semantic pattern
D. syntactic structure
7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning.
This change of constituent is known as _____ . [ ]
A. addition
B. replacement
C. position-shifting
D. variation
8. The word "laconic" is _____. [ ]
A. onomatopoeically motivated
B. morphologically motivated
C. semantically motivated
D. etymologically motivated
9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____. [ ]
A. clear grammar codes
B. language notes
C. usage notes
D. extra columns
10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping? [ ]
A. Dorm
B. motel
C. Gent
D. Zoo
11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _____ words. [ ]
A. 30,000 to 40,000
B. 50,000 to 60,000
C. 70,000 to 80,000
D. 80,000 to 90,000
12. _____ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words. [ ]
A. Roots
B. Stems
C. Affixes
D. Compounds
13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _____ in the Middle English period. [ ]
A. Dutch origin
B. Danish origin
C. Latin origin
D. Greek origin
14. A word is a symbol that _____ . [ ]
A. is used by the same speech community
B. represents something else in the world
C. is both simple and complex in nature
D.shows different ideas in different sounds
15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _____. [ ]
A. are complex words.
B. are technical words
C. refer to the commonest things in life.
D. denote the most important concepts.
第二部分 非选择题
II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book（10％）
16. The same idiom may show _____ differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning.
17. LDCE is a _____ dictionary.
18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _____.
19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _____.
20. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _____.
III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types of
meaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms（10％）
A B
21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish
22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl
23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated
24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state
25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/ respond
26. elevation ( ) F. etymologically motivated
27. degradation ( ) G. garage ( a place for storing cars)
28. narrowing ( ) H. thing (any object or event)
29. extension ( ) I. part of speech
30. Celtic ( ) J. knave (a dishonest person)
IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined;2）types of word
formations;3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of idioms.（10％）
31. heart and soul ( )
32. father—male parent ( )
33. mother—female parent ( )
34. city-bred ( )
35. lip-reading to lip-read ( )
36. headache ( )
37. antecedent ( )
38. preview ( )
39. receive ( )
40. called ( )
V. Define the following terms（10％）
41. specialized dictionary
42. collocative meaning
43. transfer
44. morpheme
45. old English
VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.（12％）
46.What's the fundamental difference between radiation and concatenation? Illustrate your points.
47. What is dismembering?
48. What is collocative meaning? Give one example to illustrate your point.
VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18％）
49. The 'pen' is mightier than the 'sword'.
Explain what 'pen' and 'sword' mean respectively using the theory of motivation.
50. Study the following sentence, paying special attention to the words in italics. If you find anything wrong, please explain
why and then improve the sentence.(100 words)
The police were ordered to stop drinking about midnight.
英语词汇学试题参照答案
第一部分 选择题
I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement
and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. D
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. A
14. B
15. C
第二部分 非选择题
II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)
16. stylistic
17.monolingual
18.semantic opposition
19. degradation 或 pejoration
20.productivity and collocability
III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes;2)types of
meaning;3)language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%)
21. I
22. C
23. F
24. B
25. E
26. D
27. J
28. G
29. H
30. A
IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined;2) types of word
formation；3）types of meaning and 4) types of meaning of idioms.(10%)
31. adverb idiom/ idiom adverbial in nature
32. conceptual meaning
33. conceptual meaning
34. n+v-ed
35. backformation
36. n+v
37. bound root
38. prefix
39. bound root
40. inflectional affix/morpheme
V. Define the following terms.(10%)
41. Specialized dictionary refers to a dictionary which concentrates on a particular area of language or knowledge. (内容1.5分
；语言0.5分)
42. Collocative meaning is that part of the word meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. (内容
1.5分；语言0.5分)
43. Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process of
semantic transfer.
44. the minimal meaningful unit of a language.
45. the language used in England from 450 to 1150.
VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)
46. 要点： Radiation Concatenation
i) primary meaning i) first sense
ii）次要意义由重要意义辐射 ii）由此意义持续转换；特点为链接
iii）名词语义互不依赖 iii）最终意义与第一意义失去联络旳迹象
47. 要点：
（1）break up an idiom into pieces（2分）
（2）an unusual case of using idioms（1分）
（3）in literature or popular press for special effect（1分）
注：语言扣分不得超过1分（语法扣1分，拼写扣0.5分）
48. Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In other words, it is that part of the
word-meaning suggested by words before or after the word in discussion. For example, 'pretty' and 'handsome' share the
conceptual meaning of 'good looking', but are distinguished by the range of nouns they collocate with:
pretty handsome
VII. Analyz