2023年黑龙江省哈尔滨市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

哈尔滨市2023年初中升学考试
英语试卷
考生须知:
1. 本试卷满分为100分, 考试时间为100分钟。
2. 答题前, 考生先将自己的“姓名”、“考号”、“考场”、“座位号”在答题卡上填写清楚, 将“条形码”准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试题纸上答题无效。
4. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
5. 保持卡面整洁, 不要折叠、不要弄脏、不要弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第I卷
一、单项选择 (本题共20分, 每小题1分)
选择最佳答案。
1. In the following words, which underlined (划线的) letter has a different sound from the others?
A horse B. hair C. hour
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在下列单词中，哪个划线字母与其他字母发音不同？
考查辅音字母的发音。horse/hɔːs/；hair/heə(r)/；hour/ˈaʊə(r)/。C项中“h”不发音，故选C。
2. Which pair of the words with the underlined letters has the same sound?
A. cup busy B. bag apple C. five pig
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：哪对带下划线的单词发音相同？
考查元音字母的发音。cup/kʌp/；busy/ˈbɪzi/；bag/bæɡ/；apple/ˈæpl/；five/faɪv/；pig/pɪɡ/。根据单词的发音可知，选项B中的划线部分都发/æ/。故选B。
3. Which of the following words doesn’t have the same stress (重音) as the others?
A. Across. B. Speaker. C. Orange.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：以下哪个单词的重音与其他单词不同？
考查单词的重音。Across/əˈkrɒs/；Speaker/ˈspiːkə(r)/；Orange/ˈɒrɪndʒ/。根据音标可知，选项BC的重音在第一个音节上，选项A的重音在第二个音节上。故选A。
4. —When is National Day of China?
—It is ________ October 1st.
A. in B. on C. at
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——中国国庆节是什么时候？——十月一日。
考查介词辨析。in在某年某月某季节；on在某一天；at在某时刻。空格后是具体某一天，用介词on。故选B。
5. —________ do you drink milk, Cindy?
—Every day.
A. How often B. How soon C. How much
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——Cindy，你多久喝一次牛奶？——每天。
考查特殊疑问句。how often多久一次；how soon多久之后；how much多少钱。根据“Every day”可知此处询问频率，疑问词用how often。故选A。
6. —Tim, is this magazine your sister’s?
—No. ________ is on the desk.
A. Mine B. Hers C. His
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——Tim，这个杂志是你姐姐的吗？——不是。她的在桌子上。
考查代词辨析。mine我的；hers她的；his他的。根据“is this magazine your sister’s”可知此处指姐姐的，用代词hers。故选B。
7. In order to keep our environment clean and tidy, we ________ throw rubbish into the bins (垃圾箱).
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. must
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：为了保持我们的环境干净整洁，我们必须把垃圾扔进垃圾箱。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；must必须。根据“throw rubbish into the bins”可知必须把垃圾扔进垃圾箱。故选C。
8. —How many eggs are there in the fridge?
—________. Let’s buy some.
A. None B. Nothing C. Nobody
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——冰箱里有多少鸡蛋？——一个也没有。让我们买一些吧。
考查代词辨析。none全都不；nothing没有什么；nobody没有人。根据“How many eggs are there in the fridge”可知此处表示一个鸡蛋也没有，用none。故选A。
9. — Who got the first place in the handwriting competition in your school?
— Nancy. She wrote ________ of all the students in our school.
A. worst B. best C. better
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你们学校的书法比赛谁得了第一名？——南希。她是我们学校所有学生中写得最好的。
考查形容词辨析和形容词最高级。worst最坏的；best最好的；better更好的。根据“of all the students”可知，此处应使用最高级，根据“Who got the first place in the handwriting competition in your school?”可知，应是写的最好的。故选B。
10. —Did you go on a school trip last weekend?
—Yes. We visited the science museum. It was really ________ and all of us enjoyed ourselves.
A. interested B. boring C. interesting
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——上周末你参加学校组织的旅行了吗？——是的。我们参观了科学博物馆。这真的很有趣，我们都玩得很开心。
考查形容词辨析。interested感兴趣的；boring无聊的；interesting有趣的。根据“It was really...and all of us enjoyed ourselves.”可知，旅行很有趣。故选C。
11. For our safety, we must keep away from the tall buildings ________ the wind blows hard.
A. if B. although C. so
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：为了我们的安全，如果风刮得很大，我们必须远离高楼。
考查连词辨析。if如果；although虽然；so所以。“the wind blows hard”是“we must keep away from the tall buildings”的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
12. The football game has to be ________ till next Friday because of the bad weather.
A. put off B. put on C. put up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：由于天气不好，足球赛不得不推迟到下周五。
考查动词短语。put off推迟；put on上演；put up张贴。根据“because of the bad weather.”可知因为天气不好，所以推迟了足球赛。故选A。
13. Tom Sawyer is my favorite book. It ________ me nearly 30 yuan.
A. spent B. cost C. paid
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：《汤姆·索亚》是我最喜欢的书。花了将近30元。
考查动词辨析。spent花费，主语是人；cost花费，主语是物；paid付款，主语是人。根据“It...me nearly 30 yuan.”可知，主语是物，故选B。
14. —Where is your father, Dandan?
—Oh, he ________ Beijing on business and he’ll come back next week.
A. has returned from B. has been to C. has gone to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你爸爸在哪里，丹丹？——噢，他去北京出差了，下星期回来。
考查has gone to的用法。has returned from已经从……返回；has been to曾去过；has gone to已经去了。根据“he...Beijing on business and he’ll come back next week.”可知，丹丹的爸爸不在说话地，用has gone to表示去了未回。故选C。
15. —Who’s that tall boy over there?
—His name is Harry. He ________ short but he is tall now.
A. is used to be B. gets used to being C. used to be
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——那边那个高个子男孩是谁？——他叫Harry。他过去很矮，但他现在很高了。
考查used to do结构。根据“He...short, but he is tall now.”可知，他过去很矮，used to be“过去是”，故选C。
16. —Who is the hero in your mind?
—Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great progress in deep-sea exploration (勘探).
A. where B. which C. who
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你心目中的英雄是谁？——黄大年。他是一位帮助中国在深海勘探方面取得巨大进展的科学家。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。
17. — Could you tell me ________?
— In the school library.
A. where Ms. Li will give us a book report
B. when will Ms. Li give us a book report
C. whether Ms. Li will give us a book report
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我李女士在哪里给我们做读书报告吗？——在学校图书馆里。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除B；根据“In the school library”可知此处询问地点，用where引导宾语从句。故选A。
18. ________ is one of the most famous places of interest in China.
A. The Sahara B. The Great Wall C. Penang Hill
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：长城是中国最著名的名胜古迹之一。
考查名词辨析。The Sahara撒哈拉沙漠；The Great Wall长城；Penang Hill升旗山。根据“one of the most famous places of interest in China.”可知长城是中国的名胜古迹。故选B。
19. Some students have problems with their eyes. They should ________ to protect their eyes.
① read books in bed or in the sun
② do eye exercises carefully
③ eat fresh fruits and vegetables
④ keep playing computer games for long
⑤ do more outdoor sports
A. ①③④ B. ②④⑤ C. ②③⑤
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：有些学生的眼睛有问题。他们应该仔细做眼保健操，吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜，多做户外运动来保护眼睛。
考查常识。read books in bed or in the sun在床上或阳光下看书；do eye exercises carefully仔细做眼保健操；eat fresh fruits and vegetables吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜；keep playing computer games for long长时间玩电脑游戏；do more outdoor sports多做户外运动。根据常识可知，要想保护好眼睛，选项②③⑤的做法符合。故选C。
20. The school art festival is coming. Here’s a survey among 40 students in Class 2 about the activities they want to join in. According to the form below, ________ students choose to draw pictures.
Activities
Singing
Dancing
Drawing pictures
Reading poems
Percentage (百分比)
35%
15%
?
25%

A. 10 B. 20 C. 25
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：学校的艺术节就要来了。这是一份对二班40名学生想参加的活动的调查。根据下面的表格，10名学生选择画画。
考查数字运算。根据表格提示可知，“Drawing pictures”占比25%，一共40人，对应的人数是10人。故选A。
二、完形填空 (本题共10分, 每小题1分)
Little Jim lived in a poor village with his mother. One summer day Jim’s mother ___21___ him to the field to find some dried wood for the fire.
Jim worked very hard. By the time the sun was high, he was very hot and wished for a ___22___ place to rest and have some food. As he walked along, he found some shade (阴凉处) with fine, wild ___23___ beside it.
“How good these will be with my bread!” thought Jim. He ___24___ all of the strawberries. As he was lifting the first strawberry to his mouth, he remembered his sick mother, alone in her dark and cold room in the village.
With this in mind, he put the strawberry back. “Shall I save them for her?” he asked ___25___.
He thought how delicious the strawberries would be for her, but how he wanted to eat them!
“I will eat half and take ___26___ half to her,” he said. He divided them into two heaps (堆), but each heap looked so small. He put them together again.
“I will only eat one,” he thought.
As he again lifted it to his mouth, he saw that he had taken the finest, and he put it back.
When the sun was beginning to set, Jim ___27___ for home. Though he was very tired, he didn’t eat any of the strawberries. He felt so satisfied with himself ___28___ he saved all the strawberries for his sick mother.
As soon as he got home, he heard his mother’s weak voice calling him. “Is that you, Jim? ___29___ do you come back so late? I am thirsty, and am looking for some water.”
Jim ran to her ___30___ and said. “Mum, these strawberries are all for you.” Seeing the smile on his mother’s face, he felt happy from the bottom of his heart.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
21. A. took B. brought C. sent
22. A. cool B. hot C. warm
23. A. strawberries B. bananas C. pears
24. A. made up B. got up C. picked up
25. A. herself B. himself C. myself
26. A. other B. another C. the other
27. A. set out B. took out C. ate out
28. A. that B. because C. until
29. A. When B. What C. Why
30. A. happily B. angrily C. hardly
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了吉姆把摘的草莓都留给妈妈吃的故事。
【21题详解】
句意：吉姆的母亲叫他去田里找些干木头生火。
took带走；brought带来；sent发送。根据“him to the field to find some dried wood for the fire.”可知是派他去找木头。故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：太阳高高的时候，他已经很热了，希望有一个凉爽的地方休息和吃点东西。
cool凉爽的；hot热的；warm温暖的。根据“he was very hot”可知他很热，所以想找一个凉爽的地方。故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：他发现了一些树荫，旁边有漂亮的野草莓。
strawberries草莓；bananas香蕉；pears梨。根据“all of the strawberries”可知是发现了草莓。故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：他摘下了所有的草莓。
made up编造；got up起床；picked up捡起。根据“all of the strawberries”可知是把所有的草莓都摘了下来，用pick up。故选C。
【25题详解】
句意：他问他自己。
herself她自己；himself他自己；myself我自己。根据“he asked...”可知是他问他自己。故选B。
【26题详解】
句意：我会吃一半，然后把另一半带给她。
other其他的；another多者中的另一个；the other两者中的另一个。根据“I will eat half and take...half”可知是自己吃一半，另一边留给妈妈，用the other。故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：当太阳开始落山时，吉姆出发回家了。
set out出发；took out拿出；ate out出去吃。根据“When the sun was beginning to set”可知太阳落山，要出发回家。故选A。
【28题详解】
句意：他对自己感到非常满意，因为他把所有的草莓都留给了生病的母亲。
that引导从句，无意义；because因为；until直到。前后两句是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选B。
【29题详解】
句意：你为什么这么晚才回来？
when什么时候；what什么；why为什么。根据“do you come back so late”可知是询问为什么回来这么晚。故选C。
【30题详解】
句意：吉姆高兴地跑过去对她说。
happily快乐地；angrily生气地；hardly几乎不。根据“he felt happy”可知他很开心。故选A。
三、阅读理解 (本题共20分, 每小题1分)
(A)
Red Star Community Notice Board
June 24th, 2023
Music Course
Are you interested in playing the guitar? A guitar course for beginners of all ages will be offered.
Time: 9:00 a.m.—10:00 a.m.
July 15th—August 15th
Fees (学费):
one person ¥500
two persons together ¥900
persons over 60 years old free
To get more information, please e-mail Mr. Wang at linlin@.
Movie Shown in the Open Air
Name: Deep Sea
Place: Central Square
Time: 7:00 p.m.—9:30 p.m. June 27th
Tips (提示):
1. Remember to bring a chair yourself.
2. Keep the square clean. Don’t drop litter on the ground.

Lost
My 10-month-old cat is black and white. She has bright black eyes. I lost her on Central Square yesterday. If you see her, please call me at 66798871. Thank you for your help.
Mrs. Cui
Dining Hall Helper Wanted
We’re looking for a helper aged 20 to 50 for our busy community dining hall. The work includes setting and clearing the table, serving the customers and washing the dishes in the kitchen.
Working hours
10:00 a.m.—2:00 p.m. on weekdays
Pay: ¥ 40/hour
根据语言材料内容选择最佳答案。
31. A middle school student Li Ming and his 65-year-old grandpa want to take the guitar course together, they have to spend at least ________.
A. ¥500 B. ¥ 900 C. ¥ 1000
32. The movie Deep Sea will be shown ________.
A. in the dining hall B. on Central Square C. on the notice board
33. The community dining hall helper needn’t ________.
A. serve the customers B. set the table C. cook the dishes
34. Mrs. Cui lost her cat on Central Square on ________.
A. June 24th B. June 27th C. June 23rd
35. From the notice board, we know ________.
A. if someone wants to take the guitar course, he can call Mrs. Cui at 66798871
B. people who see the movie will be provided with chairs
C. the helper in the community dining hall has to work for 20 hours a week
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了公告栏上的一些信息。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“one person ¥500”以及“persons over 60 years old free”可知一个人需要500元，60岁以上的老人免费，故他们两个至少需要500元。故选A。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Place: Central Square”可知电影在中央广场放映。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The work includes setting and clearing the table, serving the customers and washing the dishes in the kitchen.”可知助手工作包括摆放和清理桌子、为顾客服务和在厨房洗碗。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I lost her on Central Square yesterday”以及“June 24th, 2023”可知是昨天，也就是2023年6月23号丢了猫。故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“10:00 a.m.—2:00 p.m. on weekdays”可知社区食堂的帮手工作时间是周一至周五每天的上午10点下午2点，一周共20个小时。故选C。
(B)
Bob and Frank worked as a salesman in a company (公司) together after leaving college. They were both hard-working. But years later, Bob became a sales manager while Frank remained a salesman.
Frank wrote to his boss because he thought the boss did not value hard-working workers, only raising those who tried to please him. He thought that it was not fair.
In reply, the boss said to Frank, “Go and find out whether there is anyone selling watermelons in the market.” Frank went, returned and said. “Yes.” The boss asked, “How much is a watermelon?” Frank went back to the market and returned. “$ 12 per (每) kilogram.”
The boss told Frank that he would ask Bob the same question. Bob went, returned and said, “Boss, there is only one person selling watermelons. $12 per kg. $100 for 10 kg. He has 100 watermelons in total. On the table are 58 watermelons, and the others are in the box. Every watermelon weighs about12 kg. All of them were bought from the south two days ago. They are fresh and sweet. They are selling well.”
Frank was surprised and and he realized the difference between himself and Bob.
You see, a more successful person sees more, thinks more and understands deeply.
根据短文内容判断正、误。
(注意：考生将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”)
36. Frank and Bob worked in the same college.
37. The boss wrote Frank a letter because Frank was hard-working.
38. Bob found only one person selling watermelons in the market.
39. According to Bob, forty-two watermelons were in the box.
40. From the passage, we know that Frank was more successful than Bob.
【答案】36. B 37. B
38. A 39. A
40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了Frank因为老板器重Bob而心生不满，但是老板用了“西瓜”事件教育了他，让他知道了自己和Bob之间的差距。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Bob and Frank worked as a salesman in a company”可知他们在同一家公司工作。故答案为B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Frank was surprised and and he realized the difference between himself and Bob.”以及前文可知，老板给Frank回复是为了让他意识到自己和Bob之间的差别。故答案为B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“there is only one person selling watermelons.”可知Bob说只有一个人卖西瓜。故答案为A。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“He has 100 watermelons in total. On the table are 58 watermelons, and the others are in the box”可知一共有100个西瓜，58个西瓜在桌子上，42个西瓜在盒子里。故答案为A。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Frank was surprised and and he realized the difference between himself and Bob.”以及“You see, a more successful person sees more, thinks more and understands deeply”以及上文两个人的回复可知，Bob思考的比Frank多，由此可推知，Bob可能比Frank更成功。故答案为B。
(C)
The development of science and technology makes a difference to people’s life. The creation of special robots has helped farmers a lot.
The population on the earth grows larger each year. As a result, more and more food needs to be grown in order to feed everyone. Because climate (气候) changes all the time, it’s becoming even more difficult to grow more food. When farmers tried to grow more food in the past, some farming methods were used. However, those farming methods weren’t always healthy for the enviro