2022年湖北省恩施州中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

2022年恩施州初中毕业学业水平考试
英语试题卷
本试题卷共8页，全卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 考生答题全部在答题卷上，答在试题卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卷上所粘贴条形码的姓名、准考证号码是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、准考证号码用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卷及试题卷上。
3. 选择题作答必须用2B铅笔将答题卷上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。非选择题作答必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卷上指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。
4. 做听力部分时，先将答案标在试题卷上。录音内容结束后，再将试题卷上的答案转涂到答题卷上。
5. 考生不得折叠答题卷，保持答题卷的整洁。考试结束后，请将试题卷和答题卷一并上交。
第一部分 听力（共四节，满分25分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据你所听到的句子，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最恰当的答语，并标在试题卷的相应位置。听完每个句子后你有4秒钟时间作答和阅读下一小题。每个句子读两遍。
1. A. Fine, thank you. B. How do you do? C. That’s OK.
2. A. He is from China. B. He is forty. C. He is a doctor.
3. A. Speaking. B. I’m Michael. C. Yes, you can.
4. A. My pleasure. B. You’d better not. C. Never mind.
5. A. Have a good trip! B. Wish you success! C. You are so clever!
第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听5段小对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并标在试题卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你有5秒钟时间作答和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
6. How much is the white T-shirt?
A. ¥150. B. ¥120. C. ¥270.
7. What is Sally going to do this weekend?
A. To do some housework. B. To do some homework. C. To do some farm work.
8. How’s the weather tomorrow?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
9. Where is Lantian Hotel?
A. On Qiuzhi Street. B. Near the bank. C. Near the park.
10. What’s Helen’s hobby now?
A. Drawing. B. Collecting dolls. C. Playing chess.
第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听两段长对话，每段对话后分别有几个小题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并标在试题卷的相应位置。每段对话读两遍。
听第11段材料，回答第11至12小题。听之前你有5秒钟时间阅读相关小题，听完后你有5秒钟时间作答。
11. What’s wrong with the young man?
A. He has a backache. B. He has a fever. C. He has the flu.
12. Where does the conversation happen?
A. In a hospital. B. In a school. C. In a hotel.
听第12段材料，回答第13至15小题。听之前你有5秒钟时间阅读相关小题，听完后你有5秒钟时间作答。
13. When did Michael watch the movie?
A. Last week. B. Last night. C. Last Sunday.
14. What’s the movie about?
A. Life in the future. B. An alien. C. Life on Earth.
15. How do people travel in the movie?
A. By ship. B. By spaceship. C. By plane.
第四节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出所给问题的最佳答案，并标在试题卷的相应位置。听短文前你有15秒钟时间阅读相关小题，听完后你有10秒钟时间作答。短文读两遍。
16. How old is Jack?
A. 13. B. 14. C. 15.
17. What present did Jack like best?
A. The cap. B. The football. C. The bike.
18. What time did they leave the swimming pool probably?
A. At 4:30 p.m. B. At 2:30 p.m. C. At 9:00 p.m.
19. Who danced to disco at the party?
A. Tom. B. Judy. C. Maria.
20. Where was the birthday cake?
A. In the swimming pool. B. In the living room. C. In the kitchen.
第二部分 语言运用（共四节，满分30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）请从下列各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Will you send me ________ e-mail when you get to Wuhan?
—Of course, I will.
A. a B. an C. the
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你到武汉后会给我发一封电子邮件吗？——我当然会。
考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一封电子邮件，且“e-mail”是以元音音素开头，用冠词an。故选B。
2. There ________ some milk and several apples in the fridge.
A. is B. are C. be
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：冰箱里有一些牛奶和几个苹果。
考查there be句型的就近原则。there be句型遵循“就近原则”，离be动词最近的名词milk是不可数名词，所以be要用is，故选A。
3. —Dear, new term is coming. I’ve bought a Chinese-English dictionary for you.
—Thanks. I think it is ________ to me.
A. colorful B. helpful C. successful
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——亲爱的，新学期要来了。我给你买了一本汉英词典。——谢谢。我认为它对我很有帮助。
考查形容词辨析。colorful富有色彩的；helpful有帮助的；successful成功的。根据“Dear, new term is coming. I’ve bought a Chinese-English dictionary for you”可知，新学期要来了，这本字典很有帮助，故选B。
4. Miss Li is our physics teacher. She teaches ________ P.E. as well.
A. us B. we C. our
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：李老师是我们的物理老师。 她还教我们体育。
考查代词辨析。us我们，人称代词宾格；we我们，人称代词主格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。此空位于动词teach后，要用人称代词作宾格，故选A。
5. The clever boy ________ recite so many poems when he was three.
A. might B. would C. could
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：这个聪明的男孩三岁时就能背诵很多首诗。
考查情态动词辨析。might可能；would将；could能够。根据“The clever boy … recite so many poems”可知，在小的时候就能背许多诗，表示过去的能力用could。故选C。
6. Maria went skating with her friends in the park ________ a sunny morning.
A. at B. in C. on
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：玛丽亚在一个阳光明媚的早晨和她的朋友们在公园里滑冰。
考查时间介词辨析。at后接具体时刻；in后接某年某月某季节；on后接具体时刻。根据“a sunny morning.”可知，此处指在具体的一天，故此空应填on，故选C。
7. China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ to the far side of the moon.
A. which B. that C. who
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国是第一个将嫦娥Ⅳ发射到月球背面的国家。
考查定语从句。which关系代词，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，先行词指物或人，在从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；句子先行词是nation，在句中作主语，且先行词被序数词修饰，此处关系代词用that，故选B。
8. —________ is it from your home to the train station?
—It’s about two kilometers away.
A. How far B. How long C. How often
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——从你家到火车站有多远？——大约有两公里远。
考查特殊疑问句。How far多远，对距离提问；How long多长（时间），对一段时间或长度提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问。根据答语“It’s about two kilometers away.”可知，此处是对距离提问，用how far。故选A。
9. It’s good to help the people in need to ________ the bus if necessary.
A. get up B. get off C. get well
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果有必要，帮助有需要的人下车是很好的。
考查动词短语辨析。get up起床；get off下车；get well恢复健康。根据“help the people in need to…the bus”可知，此处指帮有需要的人下车，故选B。
10. —Would you mind my closing the door? It’s too cold outside.
—________ You can do it!
A. Certainly. B. You’d better not. C. Of course not.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你介意我把门关上吗？外面太冷了。 ——当然不介意。你可以关上门！
考查情景交际。Certainly当然介意；You’d better not你最好不要； Of course not当然不介意。根据“Would you mind my closing the door”及“You can do it!”可知，让对方关门，所以此处是表达不介意，故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Jane was a young girl. She loved to see the negative side of life.
Once, her father took her to the kitchen. He asked Jane to take a potato, an egg ____11____ two spoons of tea leaves. Jane was ____12____, and asked her father, “Do you want me to cook?”
“No,” her father said.
He then took three pots and ____13____ some water into each pot. The pots were placed on the stove. Once the water started to boil, he dropped the potato in a pot, egg in ____14____ one and the tea leaves in the third one.
“Why are you doing all these things?” Jane felt puzzled and asked.
“You’ll get the answer in fifteen minutes,” said her father.
The impatient daughter tried her best ____15____ for around 15 minutes.
Now, he placed the two plates, one with the potato and ____16____ with the egg, and the cup of tea in front of Jane.
Jane asked, “What does it mean, father? I don’t understand!”
“Each object faced similar adversities（不幸）, but reacted（反应）____17____. After we put the potato into boiling water, it became very weak. The soft egg became very hard ____18____ we put it in boiling water. And the tea leaves changed the water itself, giving it a nice smell. ____19____ fantastic it is!”
Jane understood that we could create ____20____ new even when we experienced adversities.
So, what are you? A potato, an egg or tea leaves?
11. A. and B. but C. or D. while
12. A. disappointing B. disappointed C. surprised D. surprising
13. A. poured B. emptied C. pulled D. threw
14. A. second B. the second C. a second D. secondly
15. A. to leave B. to look C. to pay D. to wait
16. A. other B. the other C. another D. others
17. A. hardly B. regularly C. possibly D. differently
18. A. before B. when C. though D. until
19. A. How B. What C. What a D. How much
20. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 16. B 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了父亲为了鼓励消极女儿，用热水煮土豆、鸡蛋和茶叶得到的不同结果给女儿讲述了一则人生哲理：面对困境时，我们可以自己选择成为怎么样的人。
【11题详解】
句意：他让简拿了一个土豆、一个鸡蛋和两勺茶叶。
and和；but但是；or否则，或者；while然而。根据“a potato, an egg...two spoons of tea leaves.”可知土豆、鸡蛋和茶叶之间是并列关系，用连词and。故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：简很惊讶，问父亲：“你要我做饭吗？”
disappointing令人失望的，修饰物；disappointed失望的，修饰人；surprised惊讶的，修饰人；surprising令人惊讶的，修饰物。根据“Do you want me to cook?”以及“Jane felt puzzled and asked.”可知简是惊讶的，修饰人用surprised。故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：然后他拿了三个锅，在每个锅里倒了一些水。
poured倒；emptied倒空；pulled拉；threw扔。根据“some water into each pot.”可知是倒水到锅里。固定短语pour into“倒入”。故选A。
14题详解】
句意：一旦水开始沸腾，他将土豆放入锅中，第二个放入鸡蛋，第三个放入茶叶。
second第二；the second第二，表特指；a second一秒；secondly其次。根据“in the third one.”可知此处特指第二个，需要用定冠词the。故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：这位不耐烦的女儿尽力等了大约15分钟。
to leave离开；to look看；to pay付钱；to wait等待。根据“You’ll get the answer in fifteen minutes”可知此处是指等待了约15分钟。固定短语wait for“等待”。故选D。
【16题详解】
句意：现在，他把两个盘子，一个是土豆，一个是鸡蛋，还有那杯茶放在简面前。
other其他的，后跟名词；the other指两者中的另一个；another泛指另外一个，后跟可数名词单数；others复数，相当于other+名词复数，代指其他的人或物。根据“one with the potato and...with the egg, and the cup of tea in front of Jane.”可知此处是指一个盘子放土豆，另一个盘子放鸡蛋和茶，特指两者中的另一个。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：每个物品都面临相似的逆境，但反应不同。
hardly几乎不；regularly经常地；possibly可能地；differently不同地。根据“but”可知此处是指反应是不同地。故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：当我们把嫩鸡蛋放在沸水里时，它变得很硬。
before在……之前；when当……的时候；though虽然；until直到。根据“we put it in boiling water.”可知此处“when”符合语境，意为当我们把它放进开水中，引导时间状语从句。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：真是太棒了！
How引导感叹句，中心词为形容词或副词；What引导感叹句，中心词为名词；What a引导感叹句，其后跟单数可数名词；How much多少。本句为感叹句，且中心词“fantastic”是形容词，用how引导感叹句。故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：简明白了，即使我们经历了逆境，我们也可以创造新的东西。
nothing没有什么；anything用于否定句/疑问句中，代替something；something某物，常用于肯定句；everything每件事。根据“Jane understood that we could create...new even when we experienced adversities.”可知此处是指即使经历了逆境，也能创造一些新的东西，且本句是肯定句，用something。故选C。
第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
仔细阅读下面五个句子，然后用方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。（提示：选项中有一个是多余的。）
A. keep in touch with B. a symbol of C. couldn’t help jumping
D. be confident about E. for the better F. unfortunately

21. No matter what happens, we should ________ ourselves.
22. With the help of his teacher, his English has changed ________.
23. The boy ________ as soon as the host announced he was the winner.
24. Bing Dwen Dwen is ________ the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
25. Nowadays, people of all ages ________ their relatives and friends by Wechat.
【答案】21. D 22. E 23. C 24. B 25. A
【解析】
【21题详解】
句意：无论发生什么事，我们都应该对自己有信心。根据“No matter what happens, we should…ourselves.”及备选词可知，无论发生什么都应该对自己有信心，be confident about“对……有信心”符合语境，should后接动词原形，故选D。
【22题详解】
句意：在老师的帮助下，他的英语有了好转。根据“With the help of his teacher, his English has changed”及备选词可知，英语逐渐有了好转，for the better“好转”符合语境，故选E。
【23题详解】
句意：主持人一宣布他获胜，这个男孩就忍不住跳了起来。 根据“as soon as the host announced he was the winner”可知，此处表达了男孩的兴奋心情，备选词couldn’t help jumping“忍不住跳了起来”符合语境，故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：冰墩墩是2022年北京冬奥会的象征。根据“Bing Dwen Dwen is… the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics”及常识可知，冰墩墩是冬奥会的吉祥物，也是一种象征，a symbol of“……的象征”符合语境，故选B。
【25题详解】
句意：如今，各个年龄段的人们都通过网络与亲朋好友保持联系。根据“people of all ages… their relatives and friends by Wechat.”可知，通过网络与亲朋好友保持联系，keep in touch with“与……保持联系”符合语境，故选A。
第四节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过3词）。
When you are watching TV, you will notice that many famous stars make the ads on TV. Many people believe them because they are famous. ____26____, have you ever thought whether the ads are real or not?
In the past few years, lots of stars ____27____（be）on TV as spokesmen（代言人）of some products. People spent much money on these products, but ____28____（final）, many of them were not like what the stars said. Many people aren’t ____29____（satisfy）with the famous actors for making the ads after accidents.
What are the public’s ____30____（idea）about the famous people making ads on TV? Do you agree that the famous people should take responsibility if the products have ____31____（some）problem? A research shows that about 36% think it the ____32____（star）fault（过错）, but they all think stars should give out the money they got from the ads to the charity（慈善机构）. More than 34% think stars must take responsibility, or they will ____33____（punish）.
So we should be more ____34____（care）when buying things advertised（做广告）by stars. We must find what these things are really like instead ____35____ listening to what the stars say. Think it over before we make a decision.
【答案】26. However
27. have been
28. finally
29. satisfied
30. ideas 31. any
32. stars’ 33. be punished
34. careful 35. of
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了明星代言的广告也会有虚假产品，所以在购买明星宣传的东西时要更加小心。
【26题详解】
句意：但是，你有没有想过这些广告是真的还是假的？根据“Many people believe them because they are famous...have you ever thought whether the ads are real or not?”可知此处是表示转折关系，空后有逗号，however符合，置于句首，首字母大写。故填However。
【27题详解】
句意：在过去的几年里，很多明星都在电视上担任某些产品的代言人。根据“In the past few years”可知句子是现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词用have，故填have been。
【28题详解】
句意：人们在这些产品上花了很多钱，但最后，很多都不像明星所说的那样。final“最终的”，形容词，此处应用副词finally修饰整个句子，故填finally。
【29题详解】
句意：许多人对那些在事故发生后拍广告的著名演员不满意。固定短语be satisfied with“对……满意”，故填satisfied。
【30题详解】
句意：公众对名人在电视上做广告有何看法？idea“想法”，可数名词，根据“are”可知名词用复数，故填ideas。
【31题详解】
句意：你是否同意产品出现问题应该由名人承担责任？some“一些”，一般用于肯定句，疑问句里一般用any，故填any。
【32题详解】
句意：一项研究表明，大约 36%的人认为这是明星的错。空后是名词，所以空处应填名词所有格修饰名词，且应用复数形式，故填stars’。
【33题详解】
句意：超过34%的人认为明星必须承担责任，否则会受到惩罚。分析主语they和动词punish可知它们是被动关系，结合will可知应用一般将来时的被动语态：will be done。故填be punished。
【34题详解】
句意：所以我们在购买明星宣传的东西时要更加小心。根据“be more”可知空处应用形容词作表语，故填careful。
【35题详解】
句意：我们必须找出这些东西的真实情况，而不是听明星说什么。固定短语instead of“而不是”，故填of。
第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hongxing Community Bulletin Board
FOR RENT
A big apartment for a family of three
¥9,800 a year
Call Mrs. Li at 010-8651342 from Monday to Friday.
PARTY
A party for the old in Hongxing community center from 15:00 to 17:00 on Saturday.
Call Mr. Song to join us!
Tel: [phone]
FOUND
An ID card, a wallet, some books
Please call Mr. Wang from Monday to Friday.
Tel: [phone]
COME AND JOIN US
Volunteers for the disabled children’s home.
Age: 12 and above
Time: 16:00-17:00 every Saturday
Tel: [phone]

36. Which phone number can Nancy call if she wants to rent an apartment?
A. 010-8567869 B. 010-8651342 C. 010-8663258 D. 010-8664506
37. If you lost your ID card, you can call ________.
A. Mr. Song B. Mrs. Li C. Mr. Wang D. Mrs. Wu
38. The party for the old will be held in ________.
A. Hongxing community center B. a big apartment
C. the children’s home D. the old men’s home
39. It’s 15:30 on Saturday. Mrs. Zhao can ________.
A. buy some books B. take part in the party for the old
C rent an apartment D. go to the children’s home
40. What do we know about the volunteers?
A. They work twice a week. B. They spend two hours on Saturdays.
C. An 11-year-old student can be a volunteer. D. They work for the disabled children.
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了红星社区公告板上的广告信息。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A big apartment for a family of three Call Mrs. Li at 010-8651342”可知如果Nancy想租一个公寓，可以致电010-8651342，故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“An ID card, a wallet, some books Please call Mr. Wang from Monday to Friday.”可知如果你丢了身份证，可以打电话给王先生，故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A party for the old in Hongxing community center from 15:00 to 17:00 on Saturday.”可知周六15:00至17:00在红星社区中心举办老人聚会。故选A。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A party for the old in Hongxing community center from 15:00 to 17:00 on Saturday.”可知赵夫人周六下午三点半可以参加老人聚会，故选B。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Volunteers for the disabled children’s home.”可知志愿者为残疾儿童工作。故选D。
B
Nagasaki University（N.U.）in Japan will no longer accept teachers who smoke. It wants to create a healthier environment for workers and students. The university’s president S. Kono said, “Our job is to look after our staff（职员）. We think we have to discourage them from smoking.” He added, “There w