2023年小学英语音标发音归纳整理全.doc

48个国际音标表元音12个单元音长元音i:u:a:短元音iue8个双元音aieiiiuau辅音10对清辅音ptkfs trts浊辅音bdgvz drdz3个鼻音mn3个似拼音hrl2个半元音wji:字母组合 ee ea e ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall mane字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada a: 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm发音字母 u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watchu:字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prudeu字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolfei发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they greyai发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eyeau字母组合 ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town发音字母 o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goali字母组合 eer earbeer deer ear near here fierce idea字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there where careu字母组合our owerhour tour flower showert tree two ten ton town twenty cityd door dull desk dose do dog dictionaryk king kite key look cook book kitchen sky g girl good goal goat grade long languagem man make moon morning move come combn pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning l long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soulr read red right run room writef five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough v very evening even every voice vest ofs six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf z zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those that this those these though sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention h hot hop home house horse how who w when what where window wind wood j yes year yell you your yolk yellow child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk tr tree country try treat track trunk dr dry dream drop drive drink ts students boots boats goats nuts dz goods woods moods hoods2 容易混淆的元音 ebad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said i： eireal rail greet great mean main read raid e aibet bite red write said side head hideau :house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn3辅音1) p pen pear play pig pour pull push 2) b book big boot bike bread break 3) t tree two ten ton town twenty city 4) d door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) k king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)6) g girl good goal goat grade long language 7) m man make moon morning move come comb 8) n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean 9) N uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening10) l long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul 11) r read red right run room write 12) f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife （字母f）cough laugh rough（字母gh）physic photo phone (ph)13) v very evening even every voice vest( 字母v)of (字母f)14) s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) z zoo zebra zero zap (z)close nose hose suppose pause those whose (se)16) think thank three thirty tooth mouth 17) that this those these though 18) sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash (sh)nation attention station social special sure 19) l pleasure 20) h hot hop home house horse how who 21) w when what where window wind wood 22) j yes year yell you your yolk yellow 23) t child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch）catch watch match （字母组合tch)24) age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk 25) tr tree country try treat track trunk 26) dr dry dream drop drive drink 27) ts students boots boats goats nuts 28) dz goods woods moods hoods 4容易混淆的辅音v wvest west vet wet vine wine very wells sink think mass math miss myth sort sought z close cloth breeze breathe n thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing 5 字母，组合音节发音规律1）a ei a: late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinema fast last glass class past father wash what watch want 2）e i: e i 不发音 appreciate extremely secret she me he letter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident active table late wife store lecture 3）i ai i high price library ice cream wife size line fist pick chicken piano fianc city unit 4）o u u: lode host cold note okay old home lose do who whose prove love some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest 5）u ju u university refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bull but brush bucket duck bubble support suggest 6）c k scountry camp camera courage cable city ceiling celebrate cell cease 7）g g girl grade glass glade bag flag village vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening 8) l l 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal 9) n n moon night noodle number uncle hungry angry young 10) r r (美语发音)right read write grade progress card board door floor form north 11）y j i aiyellow year yell young yolk university country pretty happy dyke dying fly buy by my 12）ar a: :farm card garden mark dollar warm quarrel quarter 13) ea i: e ei icease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great break idea realize 14) ear : i learn earth earn heard hear near clear ear fear 15) er : ideserve serve her person teacher driver anger singer serious experience mysterious fierce 16） ere i here mere fere sere there17) ir :aishirt girl skirt admire desire 18) oo u: u : room tool cool moon noon goof food good foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flood door floor19) or : short form corn born for work world worm word worst tractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor : ur door floor moor poor boor 21) our au :hour tour flour bourn lour pour court four mourn 22) ou au house mouth mouse sound found enough trouble touch delicious gracious prosperous 23) ow u auwindow meadow know show low now town how down cow 24) se z snose suppose gose lose pose rose mouse house 25) th thank think thought cloth clothes that this then than 26) sion n n propulsion tension progression passion protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion n tn (不常见)station nation translation attention question 1、 英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。国际音标（英语语音）元音单元音前元音i:ie中元音:后元音u:u:a:双元音开合双元音eiaiiuau集中双元音iu辅音爆破音清辅音ptk浊辅音bdg摩擦音清辅音fsh浊辅音vz破擦音清辅音ttrts浊辅音ddrdz鼻音（浊辅音）mn舌则音（浊辅音）lr半元音（浊辅音）wj英语语音名词解释：1 音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（m n l例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。 2音节的划分 在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在重读和非重读音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，假如前面重读音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，假如重读音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于重读音节。例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er 0-02 3重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 4开音节 绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex cuse五个元音字母在开音节中发长音 e i: a u ju: 5闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup 五个元音字母在闭音节中发短音 e 0-05 6双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如： stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn具有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增长前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：a bout be fore ex cuse re pair for get-ful in ven-tor 0-06 7多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如： el-e-phant con-grat-u la-tion词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scien tific im pression nation 48个国际音标的发音元音：i: 嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角向两边张开，露出微笑的表情，与字母E的发音相同。i 嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，嘴形扁平。: 嘴形扁平，上下齿微开，舍身平放，舌中部稍稍抬高。 嘴唇微微张开，舌身放平，舌中部微微抬起，口腔自然放松发声。: 双唇收得小而圆，并向前突出，舌身往后缩。 口腔打开，嘴张大，舌头向后缩，双唇稍收圆。u: 嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩。u 嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些，舌头后缩。: 口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖不抵下齿，下巴放低，放松发音。 嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍稍抬起。 嘴张大，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形，舌尖抵下齿。e 嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。ei 由e和i两个单音组成，e重读，i轻读，口形由半开到合，字母A就发这个音。ai 由a和i两个单音组成，a重读，i轻读，口形由开到合，与字母I的发音相同。i 由和i两个单音组成，重读，i轻读，口形由圆到扁，由开到合。au 由a和u两个单音组成，a重读，u轻读，口型由大到小。u 由和u两个单音组成，重读，u轻读，口形由半开到小，与字母O的发音相同。i 由i和两个单音组成，i重读，轻读，双唇始终半开。e 由e和两个单音组成，e重读，轻读，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开。u 由u和两个单音组成，u重读，轻读，双唇由收圆到半开。 48个国际音标的发音辅音：p双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音，但声带不振动。b双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音，但声带需振动。t舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后忽然弹开舌尖，让气流从口腔喷出，但声带不振动。d舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后弹开舌尖，让气流从口腔中喷出，但声带需振动。k舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，然后忽然间离开，将气送出来，想咳嗽同样，但声带不震动。舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，然后忽然间离开，将气送出来，但声带需振动。s双唇微微张开，舌头自然放松，气流从上下齿隙间送出，但声带不振动。z双唇微微张开，舌头自然放松，气流从上下齿隙间送出，但声带需振动。双唇收圆并稍微突出，舌尖接近上齿龈，送气，声带不振动。双唇收圆并稍微突出，舌头稍微上卷，舌尖接近上齿龈，送气，但声带需振动。t双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，声带不振动。d双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，但声带需振动。f上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，让气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，但声带不振动。v上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，让气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，但声带需振动。舌尖微微伸出，上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖，送气，但声带不振动。上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖，送气，但声带需振动。ts舌尖先抵住上齿，堵住气流，使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出，声带不振动。dz舌尖先抵住上齿，堵住气流，使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出。tr双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈，采用伐r的姿势，声带不振动。dr双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈，采用伐r的姿势，但声带振动。h嘴唇自然张开，自然呵气，声带不振动。r舌尖向上卷起，舌头不要接触任何部位，双唇稍微突出，声带振动。l舌尖抵住上齿龈，舌尖轻微用力弯曲，气流从舌的旁边送出。鼻音m双唇紧闭，舌头平放，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动。n双唇微开，舌尖抵上齿龈，气流从鼻孔里出来，声带振动。双唇张开，舌尖抵上齿龈，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动。辅音w双唇缩小并向前突出，舌后部抬起，嘴慢慢向两边滑开。j嘴形成微笑状，舌尖抵住下齿，舌面贴住上颚，声带需振动。48个英语国际音标发音规则 “英语里一共有48个音素，其中20个是元音，28个是辅音。元音又可分为单元音（12个）和双元音（8个）。先讲解12个单元音，这12个单元音又可以分为：一、前元音i:ie 所谓前元音是指发音时要使用舌前部，也就是说舌前部要向硬腭抬起，舌尖要抵住下齿，口形扁平，不要收圆。四个前元音中发i:的时候舌前部抬得最高，牙床近乎全合。发i的时候舌前部比i:稍低，牙床也开得稍大一些。上下齿之间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。发第三个前元音e的时候舌前部比i又要第一些，牙床也开得更大一些。上下齿之间的距离大约相称于一个食指尖。发第四个前元音的时候舌前部最低，牙床开得最大。上下齿之间的距离大约相称于一个食指加中指。 二、后元音 u: u : a: 所谓后元音是指发音时要使用舌的后部，也就是说舌后部要向软腭抬起。发后元音时舌尖可以不抵下齿。除了后元音:要用中常唇外，其它四个音都要用圆唇，发音时嘴要拢圆。个别的音如u u:嘴唇还要向前突出。另一方面，要注意后元音的舌位。五个后元音中:的舌位最低，开口最大。 的舌位比:稍高，开口度比:稍小。:的舌位比 又要更高一些，开口度比:再小一些。u的舌位比 a:又要高一些，开口度再小一些。u:的舌位最高，开口最小。三、中元音 : 所谓中元音是指发音时要使用舌的中部，也就是说舌的中部要稍稍抬起，舌尖可以轻抵下齿，口形扁平或中常。: 的舌位最高，的舌位最低，的舌位介乎两者之间。英语里尚有8个双元音。这8个双元音又可提成两类,合口双元音和集中双元音,下面分别讲解。 一、合口双元音ei ai i u au 所谓“合口双元音”是指两个元音中的第二个元音都是一个合口元音i或u。发双元音时要注意从第一个元音向第二个元音滑动。在滑动过程中，口形、舌位都有明显的变化。此外，还要注意双元音的下面几个特点：1、前长后短（前音长后音短）。2、前重后轻（前音发得重，后音发得轻）。3、前音清楚，后音模糊。 二、集中双元音i u 所谓集中双元音是指两个元音中的第二个元音都是中元音。发音时要注意第一个元音向第二个元音滑动时的口形和舌位的变化。比如发i时舌位由前元音i向中元音的滑动。口形由半合的扁唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。发时由相称于前元音的舌位向中元音滑动，口形由半开的中常唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。发u时由后元音u向中元音的滑动，口形由半合的圆唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。英语里的28个辅音，按照不同的发音方法又可以把它们分为六类 一、爆破音 爆破音一共有六个，根据发音时声带是否振动可以分为清辅音和浊辅音两种。清辅音有三个：p,t,k；浊辅音也有三个：b,d,g。这样，六个爆破音就可以归纳为清、浊相相应的三对。第一对是：p,b，第二对是：t,d，第三对时k,g。二、摩擦音 摩擦音一共有十个。其中八个音又可以分为清、浊音相相应的四对。第一对是唇齿摩擦音f,v。发音时下唇轻触上齿，气流通过时摩擦成音，f是清辅音