2018年宁夏中考英语试题及答案.doc

2018年宁夏中考英语试卷（教师版）

一、单项填空 （共10小题，计分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
1．（1分）﹣﹣﹣I feel a little hungry，Mom．
﹣﹣﹣There are some pieces of bread on the plate．You can take_____．（　　）
A．one B．it C．this D．that
【微点】不定代词．
【思路】﹣﹣我觉得有点饿，妈妈．﹣﹣在盘子里有几块面包，你可以吃一块．
【解析】答案：A．one的意思是"一（块，片，个，把，只等等）"用来表示相同物体当中的一个，也就是同类异物；it的意思是"它"指代前面出现的名词，也就是同类同物；this意思是"这个"指代距离较近的东西；that意思是"那个"指代距离较远的东西．根据"There are some pieces of bread on the plate．"以及"You can take_____"可知吃的是上一句中提到的面包当中的一块，所以要用one来填空．故选A．
【点拨】首先要明白这几个不定代词的意思以及用法，特别是one和it的用法，然后结合具体的题目就可以确定正确答案．
2．（1分）﹣﹣﹣ The new skirt looks very nice you．（　　）
A．with B．in C．on D．at
【微点】常用介词的辨析．
【思路】你穿这条新裙子很好看．
【解析】in "在…之内"；on "在…之上、在…时候"；at"在、以、向"；with "和…一起、随着，拥有"，四者都是介词．on sb "穿在某人身上"是介词短语．由题干"你穿这条新裙子很好看．"可知，空格用on；所以答案是on．
故选：C．
【点拨】本题考查介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答案．
3．（1分）﹣﹣﹣How are you feeling now？
﹣﹣﹣Much ．（　　）
A．good B．well C．best D．better
【微点】形容词的比较级和最高级．
【思路】﹣﹣﹣你现在感觉怎么样？
﹣﹣﹣好多了．
【解析】根据Much ．可知这里放在much后面应该用比较级形式．
故选：D．
【点拨】熟悉形容词的比较级和最高级的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．
4．（1分）Don't worry． I'll do what I to help you．（　　）
A．can B．may C．must D．need
【微点】情态动词．
【思路】别担心，我会尽力帮你的．
【解析】can能，会；may可能；must一定；need需要．根据Don't worry． I'll do what I to help you，可知别担心，我会尽力帮你的，这里用can．
故选：A．
【点拨】情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语．否定形式通常在后面加not．要注意情态动词的不同用法．
5．（1分）﹣﹣﹣ you look tired． What's wrong？
﹣﹣﹣ I up late last night．（　　）
A．stay B．stayed C．will stay D．am staying
【微点】实义动词的过去式．
【思路】﹣你看起来很累．怎么了？
﹣我昨晚熬夜到很晚．
【解析】根据句意：﹣你看起来很累．怎么了？ ﹣我昨晚熬夜到很晚．可知时态为一般过去时．stay up熬夜，是固定短语．
故选：B．
【点拨】熟悉实义动词的用法，结合题意，给出答案．
6．（1分）Write it down you forget it．（　　）
A．after B．until C．before D．as soon as
【微点】从属连词．
【思路】在你忘记之前写下来．
【解析】根据句意： 在你忘记之前写下来． 结合选项，A．在…之后 B．直到 C．在…之前 D．一…就…，选项C符合题意．
故选：C．
【点拨】熟悉从属连词的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．
7．（1分）A letter to you by the boss in one or two weeks．（　　）
A．is sent B．will send
C．sends D．will be sent
【微点】一般将来时的被动语态．
【思路】一两个星期后，老板会给你寄一封信．
【解析】根据句意：一两个星期后，老板会给你寄一封信． 可知主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态be+过去分词，时态为一般将来时，所以动词用will be+过去分词．
故选：D．
【点拨】熟悉一般将来时被动语态的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．
8．（1分）The team leader asked him to go and care of the old couple．（　　）
A．take B．taken C．taking D．takes
【微点】实义动词．
【思路】队长让他去照顾那个老人．
【解析】根据句意：队长让他去照顾那个老人．可知考查句型ask sb to do sth让某人做某事，and后的to省略．
故选：A．
【点拨】熟悉实义动词的用法，结合题意，给出答案．
9．（1分）Tony， never that again!（　　）
A．does B．do C．did D．doing
【微点】祈使句．
【思路】Tony，不要再那样做了．
【解析】根据句意：Tony，不要再那样做了．可知句子为祈使句，用动词原形．
故选：B．
【点拨】熟悉祈使句的用法，结合题意，给出答案．
10．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Do you know ？
﹣﹣﹣Since last years．（　　）
A．how long has he lived here
B．how long he lived here
C．how long did he live here
D．how long he has lived here
【微点】宾语从句．
【思路】﹣﹣﹣你知道他在这里住了多久吗？
﹣﹣﹣从去年开始．
【解析】宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除AC；根据Since last years，可知时态用现在完成时，构成have/has+动词的过去分词．
故选：D．
【点拨】宾语从句要用陈述语序，再根据上下文意思或时间状语，推断出合适的时态，排除错误的答案，然后再比较剩下的选择项，从而做出正确的答案．
二、完形填空 （共1小题，计分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项．
11．（10分）I had nothing for breakfast that morning． I was so （1）　B　that I could hear my stomach growling（咕咕叫）when Mr． Katter was lecturing on Asia history． So when the bell rang， I rushed to the dining hall at once． Minutes later， I stood in front of the counter（收银台）， holding a tray（托盘） full of food．
"Three dollars，" the lunch lady told me． I reached my hand into my （2）　D　 and felt nothing． The schoolbag was empty． I searched again． Still nothing． I was almost certain I put three bills in it last night． I put the schoolbag on the floor to search for the money again． As I finally （3）　A　 the money wasn't there， I could feel the（4）　C　and fear washing over me．
Feeling quite（5）　B　 I didn't notice that another person had stepped up to the counter． When I finally looked up to tell the lunch lady my （6）　A　．
"I'm sorry． I don't have any money with me．"
"Honey， he paid for your lunch． You're good．" the lunch lady said as she pointed to the direction the boy had gone．
I missed the chance to（7）　C　 him． He was nameless to me． He didn't （8）　B　know me． But he paid for my lunch． Although it was only three dollars， I couldn't remember anyone doing something so nice for me．
A month later， on my way home， I saw an elderly woman struggling（费力） with heavy bags． I suddenly thought of the nameless boy who（9）　D　 me lunch．
"Excuse me， ma'am， do you need help？"
I'll never forget her （10）　C　as I rushed forward to give her a hand． It's the very prize for my act of kindness．

（1）A．sad
B．hungry
C．quiet
D．tired
（2）A．overcoat
B．trousers
C．gloves
D．schoolbag
（3）A．realized
B．described
C．heard
D．imagined
（4）A．pleasure
B．pity
C．worry
D．fun
（5）A．lonely
B．nervous
C．bored
D．weak
（6）A．situation
B．joke
C．promise
D．suggestion
（7）A．visit
B．interview
C．thank
D．question
（8）A．only
B．even
C．still
D．just
（9）A．made
B．handed
C．ordered
D．bought
（10）A．silence
B．sadness
C．smile
D．regret
【微点】记叙文．
【思路】本文是一篇记叙文．主要叙述了一个男孩替作者付了三美元的饭钱．作者后来也帮助了一位老太太传递爱心的故事．
【解析】1，B 考查形容词词义辨析．句意为：我是那么…以至于我可以听见肚子咕咕的叫．sad悲伤的；hungry饥饿的；quiet安静的；tired疲劳的．根据前一句"I had nothing for breakfast that morning．"可知我的肚子是因为饥饿而咕咕的叫．故选B．
2，D 考查名词词义辨析．句意为：我伸手到…里，什么也没有摸到．根据下一句"The schoolbag was empty．"可推知此处是"schoolbag书包"．overcoat 外套；trousers裤子；gloves手套；故选D．
3，A 考查动词词义辨析．句意为：最后我…钱不在那里的时候，我感到抱歉和害怕席卷了我，推知此处应是"realized意识到"．described描述；heard听见；imagined想象．故选A．
4，C 考查名词词义辨析．句意：最后我意识到钱不在书包，我感到…和害怕席卷了我， 再结合选项pleasure快乐； pity同情； worry担忧；fun乐趣，可知此处应是"worry担忧"．故选C
5，B 考查形容词词义辨析．句意为：感到很…，我没有注意到另一个人已经走到柜台前了．结合上文：找不到钱，我感到担忧和害怕席卷到我，推知此处应是"nervous紧张的"． lonely孤独的；bored无聊的；weak虚弱的．故选B．
6，A 考查名词词义辨析．句意为：当最后我抬起头来要告诉午餐服务女士我的…，结合上文我找不到钱，可推知此处是"situation情况"．joke笑话；promise诺言；suggestion建议．故选A．
7，C 考查动词词义辨析．句意为：我错过了…他的机会．visit拜访；interview采访；thank感谢；question问题．根据上文"he paid for your lunch．他给你付了午饭钱"可知我错过了感谢他的机会．故选C．
8，B 考查副词词义辨析．句意为：他…不认识我，结合选项：only仅仅；even甚至；still仍然；just只是、刚刚，可推知此处用"even甚至"合适．故选：B
9，D 考查动词词义辨析．句意为：我突然想到了那个给我…午饭的那个不知名的男孩．made制造；handed递；ordered订购；bought买．根据上文"he paid for your lunch他给你付了午饭钱．"可知我突然想到了那个给我买午饭的不知名的男孩．故选D．
10，C 考查名词词义辨析．句意为：当我跑过去帮助她的时候，我永远也忘不了她的…，那是对我善举的奖赏．结合选项：silence安静；sadness悲伤；smile微笑；regret遗憾．可推知此处用"smile微笑"合适．故选C
【点拨】本题设计多种词性的考查点，要求学生在掌握基础知识和理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系进行分析推理，从而做出正确答案．
三、阅读理解 （共4小题，计分32分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项．
12．（8分）What is the future of AI（人工智能）？Will it be a good thing？ We asked students what they think．

I believe AI will be more useful in our future lives． It's now used in many fields， like phones and medicine． No one really knows what will happen if machines become smarter than humans． However， I'm sure AI will help us solve many problems．

I am worried that people create something that can be better than themselves． In the near future， AI will develop at a high speed． Humans may be replaced because Al robots will do lots of human jobs．

I really think that AI will change the way we work， the way we live，and the way we think． Imagine if we could put a CPU inside our brain! Soon we'll be able to improve our math and memory． How exciting！

Think of what's happening right now． Some robots are used to kill animals under human orders． So I think Al will be very dangerous for humans． We need to be careful about what we ask machines to do．
（1）John thinks that AI will be　D　 in the future．
A． exciting
B． surprising
C． helpful
D． dangerous
（2）What does Tina think of AI？　C　
A． It will be a danger to the world
B． It will develop at a high speed．
C． It will help us solve many problems．
D． It will change the way we work．
（3）Bill thinks humans may be replaced because　B　．
A． we can't improve our memory
B． AI robots will do human jobs
C． we can put CPU in our brains
D．AI can help to improve our math．
（4）Who feels excited about the development of AI in the future？　A　
A． Mary
B．Bill
C． John
D．Tina
【微点】日常生活类阅读．
【思路】本文主要讲人工智能将来会变得怎么样，一些学生对它有不同的观点和看法．
【解析】（1）D．细节理解题．根据表格最后一行 So I think Al will be very dangerous for humans．所以我认为Al对人类来说非常危险．故选D．
（2）C．细节理解题．根据表格第一行However， I'm sure AI will help us solve many problems．但是，我相信AI会帮助我们解决很多问题．故选C．
（3）B．细节理解题．根据表格第二行Humans may be replaced because Al robots will do lots of human jobs．人类可能会被替换，因为Al机器人会做很多人类工作．故选B．
（4）A．细节理解题．根据表格第一行 Imagine if we could put a CPU inside our brain! Soon we'll be able to improve our math and memory． How exciting！想象一下，如果我们可以将CPU放入我们的大脑！ 很快我们就能够提高数学和记忆力． 多么激动人心！故选A．
【点拨】从问题和选项入手，在问题和选项中找出关键词，了解文章大概，带着问题有针对性的到文章找答案．
13．（8分）You may wonder whether stress（焦虑） is a serious matter． The answer is "Yes"． You should realize that stress is a risk to your health． If you want to live a long and healthy life， you need to begin to guard against stress from a young age．
Here are some ways to deal with stress and being balance（平衡）to your life：
Be positive
One way to cancel out（消除）stress is through positive thinking． You should always look on the bright side of life， and imagine that you will have a happy and successful future．
Learn to relax
Force yourself to take a break from your studies and worries about exams． You can do this by taking a walk， reading a book， going to a concert or seeing a film， or just sitting in a private place and being silent for a moment．
Take up a hobby
Learn to paint， take up skating， or start playing a musical instrument．When you are busy with a hobby，you leave all your worries behind．
Take care of your body
Stress is your body's enemy． Taking exercise，eating healthily and getting enough sleep are all the things that can help you．
Laugh
Sometimes laughter is the best medicine for stress． Seeing a funny film or telling jokes with friends will often cheer you up when you are low．

（1）The underlined word "positive" in the passage means"　C　 "in Chinese．
A． 悲伤的
B．消极的
C．乐观的
D． 勤奋的
（2）Which of the following relaxing ways is not mentioned in the passage？　A　
A． Playing computer games．
B． Take a walk．
C． Seeing a film
D． Reading a book．
（3）The writer thinks that　D　is harmful to your health．
A． laughter
B． telling jokes
C． taking up skating
D． stress
（4）What is the best title for the passage？　B　
A．Take care of your body．
B． How to lead a balanced life．
C．Take up a hobby
D． Laughter is the best medicine
【微点】日常生活类阅读．
【思路】本文主要讲如果你想过上长寿健康的生活，你需要从小就开始防止压力，给出了一些处理压力和平衡生活方式的方法．
【解析】（1）C．词义猜测题．根据 Be positive …You should always look on the bright side of life，要乐观…你应该始终关注生活中光明的一面，可知是乐观的意思．故选C．
（2）A．细节理解题．根据You can do this by taking a walk， reading a book， going to a concert or seeing a film， or just sitting in a private place and being silent for a moment．你可以通过散步，读书，去听音乐会或看电影，或者只是坐在一个私人的地方，沉默片刻来做到这一点．故选A．
（3）D．细节理解题．根据Stress is your body's enemy．压力是你身体的敌人．故选D．
（4）B．主旨大意题．根据Here are some ways to deal with stress and being balance（平衡）to your life：以下是一些处理压力和平衡生活方式的方法：可知本文主要是讲如何平衡生活．故选B．
【点拨】从问题和选项入手，在问题和选项中找出关键词，了解文章大概，带着问题有针对性的到文章找答案．
14．（8分）There was once a poor woman with only one son．One day，she asked her son if there was anything he wanted．The boy said he wanted a drum．The mother left for the market，feeling very sad，because she did not have enough money to buy a drum．
On the way home，she found a piece of wood and gave it to her son to play with．Later that day，the boy went outside to play．Along the road，he saw an old woman crying．The old woman was trying to start a fire to cook some food，but she didn't have any wood．Hearing this，the boy gave her his piece of wood．The old woman gave him a piece of the bread she had made．
Then，further down the road，the boy met a pot maker's wife and her crying child．The boy asked her what was wrong．The woman said she had no food to give to her hungry child．The boy gave the woman the piece of bread，and she gave him a pot．The boy walked on．
Before long，he saw a husband and wife arguing．He asked them why they were arguing．They said，"We have broken our pot and have nothing to clean our clothes in．"The boy gave his pot to them，and they gave the boy a new coat．
Next，the boy saw a man who had no shirt．The man said he had been robbed on his way home．The robbers had taken his money，and his shirt．The boy gave the man his new coat．The man was so happy，he gave the boy his horse．
Finally，on his way home，the boy met a huge group of people going to a wedding．There were musicians，the bridegroom，and his family．Everyone looked sad．The bridegroom's father said，"We are waiting for a horse．If it doesn't come soon，we will be late for the wedding．"The boy gave them his new horse．The group asked the boy what they could give him，and he replied，"A drum．"So，the musicians gave him their drum．The boy ran home to tell his mother how he had at last gotten the drum he had wanted．

（1）The woman is crying because　C　．
A． she couldn't find her daughter
B． she had no money to buy food
C． she had no wood to make a fire
D． she couldn't find her way back．
（2）Why did the pot maker's wife give her pot to the boy？　D　
A．Because the pot was useless．
B．Because she didn't like it．
C．Because the pot make her child cry．
D． Because the boy helped her．
（3）The boy got the drum from　B　．
A．a pot maker's wife
B． the musicians
C．his own mother
D．an old woman
（4）We know from the story that the boy was　A　．
A．helpful
B．careless
C．silly
D．cruel
【微点】人物故事类阅读．
【思路】讲述了一个爱帮助别人的男孩，通过不断地帮助别人，终于得到了他梦寐以求的鼓．
【解析】1．C． 细节理解题．根据"The old woman was trying to start a fire to cook some food，but she didn't have any wood．"可知，老妇人想，生火做饭，但她没有木材．由此可知C 选项"她没有木材生火"为正确选项．故选C．
2．D． 推理判断题．根据"The boy gave the woman the piece of bread，and she gave him a pot．"可知，男孩给了女人一片面包，她给了他一口锅．由此可知 D选项"这个男孩帮助了她"为正确选项．故选．
3．B． 细节理解题．根据"the musicians gave him their drum．"可知，音乐家们给了他鼓．由此可知C 选项"这些音乐家们"为正确选项．故选B．
4．A． 推理判断题．根据本文大意可知，A．有帮助的，爱帮助人的；B．粗心的；C．愚蠢的人；D．残忍的人．由此可知 A选项"有帮助的，爱帮助人的"为正确选项．
故选A．
【点拨】先浏览所给的问题以及选择项，然后带着问题，在通读原文的基础上快速地找到答案，然后再回过头来检查一遍，确保万无一失．
15．（8分）As teenagers（青少年）， you have many dreams． The dreams can be very big， such as winning the Nobel Prize， or they can be small． You may just want to become one of the ten best students in your class．
Once you find a dream， what do you do with it？ Do you ever try to make your dream real？
"Follow Your Heart" by Australian writer Andrew Mathews tells us that making our dreams real is life's biggest challenge．
You may think you're not very good at some school subjects， or that it is impossible for you to become a writer． These kinds of thoughts stop you from getting your dream， the book says．
In fact， everyone can make his dream come true． The first thing you must do is to remember what you dream is．
Don't let it leave your heart． Keep telling yourself what you want． Do this step by step （逐步地）and your dream will come true faster because a big dream is， in fact， many small dreams．
You must also never give up your dream． There will be difficulties on the road to your dreams． But the biggest difficulty comes from yourself． You need to decide what is the most important． Studying instead of watching TV will lead to （导致） better exam results， while saving five yuan instead of buying an ice crea