广东省广州市2018年中考英语真题试题（含解析）.doc

广东省广州市2018年中考英语真题试题
一、语法选择(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从 1~15 各题所给的A、
B、C 和D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote 1 300 songs and an opera.
Xian was born in Panyu, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with 2 mother. He began learning to play 3 violin when he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was 4 cheap and badly made that he 5 not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop 6 and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students 7 studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he 8 , Xian became the school’s best student 9 won several prizes for his talents.
In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan’an 10 music at a college. 11 there were no pianos in Yan’an at that time, Xian still wrote 12 of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work.
In May 1940, Xian 13 to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very 14 . Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness 15 October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian’s music, however, lives on in the people’s hearts.

1. A. near
B. nearly
C. nearby
D. nearer
2. A. he
B. him
C. his
D. he’s
3. A. a
B. an
C. the
D. this
4. A. so
B. such
C. very
D. much
5. A. need
B. may
C. should
D. could
6. A. practise
B. practising
C. to practise
D. practised
7. A. what
B. which
C. whom
D. who
8. A. leave
B. leaves
C. left
D. was leaving
9. A. and
B. but
C. as
D. or
10. A. teach
B. taught
C. teaching
D. to teach
11. A. If
B. Although
C. When
D. Because
12. A. any
B. little
C. few
D. some
13. A. sent
B. was sent
C. has sent
D. was sending
14. A. hard
B. harder
C. hardest
D. the hardest
15. A. at
B. in
C. on
D. by

二、完形填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16~25 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Before graduating college, Jackie began to look for a job. She aimed at a famous company, but the 16 for such jobs was very strong. The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job. 17 , Jackie was one of the three people invited for the final interview. The interview was very 18 . The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes. Then the interviewer said to them, “All of you are very good. Please go home and 19 our response.”
Three days later, Jackie received a message saying she would not be 20 the job. She felt deeply disappointed. That evening, however, she received another 21 . This time it said that she got the job.
Jackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interview—a 22 to see if she was suitable for the job. All the three people received the 23 text, but only Jackie’s reply 24 the company. Of the three, one did not reply. The other said “goodbye” and Jackie said “thank you”. This reply showed that Jackie was a/an 25 person, so the company offered her the job.

16. A. exam
B. work
C. competition
D. plan
17. A. Thankfully
B. Unluckily
C. Hopefully
D. Immediately
18. A. long
B. strict
C. interesting
D. simple
19. A. pick up
B. wait for
C. deal with
D. think of
20. A. offered
B. returned
C. refused
D. shown
21. A. letter
B. e-mail
C. call
D. message
22. A. guide
B. conversation
C. test
D. lesson
23. A. same
B. other
C. second
D. whole
24. A. reached
B. satisfied
C. helped
D. surprised
25. A. brave
B. clever
C. polite
D. honest

三、阅读(共两节；满分 45 分)
第一节 阅读理解(共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分)
阅读下列短文，从 26~45 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(A)
For his eleventh birthday, Lin was given a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Children’s Activity Centre and said he could choose any course that

interested him. There was just one requirement: Lin would have to promise to study it for at least one year.
To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage stamp collecting. That hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some paints hoping that Lin’s artistic side would shine through. Those paints were now under his bed, still unopened. This time Lin’s parents would let him decide.
Lin’s eyes moved down the notice board that listed all the courses on offer. He stopped at “Photography”. He liked the idea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that each student needed their own camera. Although Lin’s family weren’t poor, they weren’t rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. He continued looking.
The next course to catch his eye was “Language Art”. He didn’t even know what that meant. His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches. Lin, a shy boy, could think of nothing worse.
Then he saw it. “Cooking” sounded like something he’d like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative.
Based on Lin’s hobby history, his dad had doubts, but he agreed. Much to his parents’ surprise, Lin kept his promise. He studied cooking at the Centre every Saturday, and practised at home, making delicious meals for his family. Everyone looked forward to birthdays, when they could eat his cakes. Lin got great satisfaction from the pleasure his food brought to others.
The months turned to years but his hobby never changed again.
Now Lin is an adult and runs a successful restaurant. When customers say they enjoy his meal, he still gets the same pleasure he did as a child, and remembers the special gift he received all those years ago.

26. Why didn’t Lin choose to study photography?
A. It was too expensive.
B. He had no interest in it.
C. He was not very creative.
D. It was not offered that term.
27. The underlined expression “catch his eye” in Paragraph 4 means “ ”.
A. make him excited B. cause him surprise
C. get his attention D. help him see clearly
28. Which of the following best describes Lin’s interesting cooking?
A. It only lasted for a short time.
B. It seemed to match his character.
C. It was forced on him by his parents.
D. It developed slowly over many months.
29. Why did the father have doubts about Lin’s choice of cooking?

A. Lin wasn’t good at cooking. B. Cooking wasn’t very convenient.
C. He didn’t think Lin would continue. D. Cooking wasn’t a good hobby for a boy.
30. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. A Strict Father B. A Changeable Boy
C. The Fun of Cooking D. The Birthday Gift

(B)
Experts believe that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might surprise you to learn that restaurants, as we know them, have only existed for a few centuries. Before 1765, there were no restaurants. That is, there were no places that provided the restaurant experience. There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.
There were eating places travellers could go to centuries before that. The countryside was full of inns that would serve food. And there were taverns where one could get drinks. The rich could also eat special meals prepared by private cooks. But none of them could be called a “restaurant”.
A man called Boulanger changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups
( 汤 ). On his sign he used the word “restaurant” to describe what he was selling. At that time, soups were considered something that could help “restore” ( 恢 复 ) your health—in French the word “restore” is “restaurer”—so he called the soups “restaurants”. Soon, people started buying Boulanger’s soups even when they were not ill. And over time, people began to use the word “restaurant” to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. More “restaurants” opened in France, and people began to buy soups more often.
Later, restaurants in Paris began to serve other food besides soup. In the 1790s, menus started to appear. By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world. The United States offered coffee shops. Tea houses became popular throughout China. Paris created beautiful restaurants for the rich. The British began to copy the French, and the restaurant idea spread throughout the British Empire.
Today cities are filled with all types of restaurants. Diners have millions of options from which to choose.

31. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How restaurants developed.
B. What made a good restaurant,
C. Who created the first restaurant.
D. Why restaurants became popular.
32. According to the first paragraph, what made restaurants different from earlier eating places?
A. Restaurants only served food.

B. Restaurants were more expensive.
C. Restaurants were mainly in cities.
D. Restaurants had a list of meal choices.
33. Who did Boulanger expect to come and eat at his restaurant?
A. Rich people. B. Sick people. C. Travellers. D. Workers.
34. When it was first used, what did the word “restaurant” refer to?
A. A person. B. A place. C. Illness. D. Soup.
35. When did restaurants begin to grow internationally?
A. In the 1600s. B. In the 1700s. C. In the 1800s. D. In the 1900s.

(C)
Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don’t know is that junk (垃圾) has become a problem in outer space too.
According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes ( 望远镜). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can’t see.
Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.
To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example, when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.
To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth’s atmosphere after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.
Many scientists are also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earth’s atmosphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.
“The problem is becoming more challenging because we’re sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computer,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space researcher.
“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become,” he says.

36. What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Telescopes. B. Satellites.
C. Pieces of space junk. D. BBC news reports.
37. Why is space junk considered a problem?

A. It burns up after it re-enters the atmosphere.
B. It often stops the view of telescopes on Earth.
C. It could force new space tools to travel at slower speeds.
D. It may crash into other space tools causing damage or death.
38. Countries want future space tools to be able to fall back into the earth’s atmosphere so that
.
A. the tools can be reused later
B. the tools don’t become space junk
C. the earth’s atmosphere can stay clean
D. the effects of space flight can be studied
39. How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk?
A. Catch it with nets. B. Use robots to collect it.
C. Burn it in the earth’s atmosphere. D. Send it further away from the earth.
40. In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?
A. Environment. B. Local News. C. Education. D. Fashion.

(D)
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B. By popularity.
C. By reader’s age.
D. By writer’s name.
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B. It lists all the important scientific achievements.
C. It includes women scientists that aren’t famous.
D. It is mostly about the development of modern science.
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C. A Really Short History of Nearly Everything
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45. What is the main purpose of thi