初一英语基数词和序数词-全.doc

初一英语 之 基数词与序数词
热身运动：12个月份
J_ nu_ry F_br_ _ry M_ _ch _pr_l M_ _ _une _ _ly _ _gust S_pt_mb_ _ _ct_b_ _ N_v_mb_ _ D_c_mb_ _
一、分类：英语中数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。
二、基数词 ： 表示数目的词称为基数词。
（1）基数词的构成法：
●1~12的基数是特殊的，必须牢记。请写下来：_________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
●13~19的基数是在3~9的基础上加上后缀-teen [‘ti: n]（音同“听” ）构成的。
其中13，15，18是特殊的。
13——thirteen ; 15——fifteen ; 18——eighteen
●20~90的基数整数是在2~9的基础上加后缀-ty [ti]（*音同“踢” ）构成的。
其中20，30，40，50，80是特殊的。
20——twenty 30——thirty 40——forty 50——fifty 80——eighty
●21~99的基数非整数是：整数-个数 （当中要用连字符号“-”隔开 ）
21——twenty-one 27——twenty-seven 43——forty-three 59——fifty-nine
66——sixty-six 88——eighty-eight 93——ninety-three 99——ninety-nine
●100~900的整百数是：个数（1~9）+hundred (hundred“百”用单数)
100——one(或a) hundred 300 ——three hundred 800——eight hundred
●101~999的非整数是：个数（1~9）+hundred +and+整数-个数 (没有十位数，就直接用个位数)
101——one(或a) hundred and one 309——three hundred and nine
210——two hundred and ten 413——four hundred and thirteen
540——five hundred and forty 598——five hundred and ninety-eight
970——nine hundred and seventy 999——nine hundred and ninety-nine
●1000以上的基数词在上面的基础上，再在前面加上 个数（1~9）+thousand (thousand“千”用单数)
4，000——four thousand 9，000——nine thousand
1，001——one thousand and one 2，008——two thousand and eight
3，015——three thousand and fifteen 4，040——four thousand and forty
5，069——five thousand and sixty-nine 6，200——six thousand (and) two hundred 7，486——seven thousand four hundred and eighty-six
★在英语里，数字（阿拉伯数字）通常从个位数起往左，每三个数用一个逗号隔开，而汉语习惯每四个数用逗号隔开（注意区别）
从左向右： 第一个逗号——用 thousand千
第二个逗号——用 million千万
第三个逗号——用billion亿
第四个逗号——用trillion万亿
50，000，000—— fifty million
500，000，000—— five hundred million
5，000，000，000—— five billion
50，000，000，000——fifty billion
练习：25,025,874,953—— twenty-five billion twenty-five million eight hundred and seventy-four thousand nine hundred and fifty-three
（2）复数形式的基数词
They went to the theatre in twos and threes． 他们三三两两地来到了剧院。
★表示人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式表示。
　　He became a professor in his thirties． 他三十多岁时成为了教授。
　　She died of lung cancer in her forties． 她四十来岁时死于肺癌。
　　It was in the 1960s． 那是在二十世纪六十年代。

三. 序数词：序数词是指表示顺序的数词
英语中基数词变序数词方法——口诀
口诀
解说
举例子
基变序，有规律，后面th加上去。
在数词后面加th。
four → fourth
一二三，特殊记，后面字母t,d,d。
one, two, three特殊变。
first，second，third
八去t，九去e。整数中的y要变成ie
eight去掉t，nine去掉e。twenty去掉y变成twentieth
eight → eighth nine → ninth
f来把ve替。
five和twelve的ve要变成f 。
five→ fifth twelve→ twelfth
若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。
两位数或两位以上数字只变个位。
thirty-three→thirty-third
序数词前要加the 我们一定要牢记。
序数词前必须加the（上述原则中的除外）

the first day

归类表格(一)

基数词(数目/数量的多少)
序数词(顺序和等级)
1
one
1-12单独记忆
first
1-12单独记忆
2
two
second
3
three
third
4
four
fourth
5
five
fifth
6
six
sixth
7
seven
seventh
8
eight
eighth
9

10、由于煤、石油等化石燃料消耗的急剧增加，产生了大量的二氧化碳，使空气中的二氧化碳含量不断增加，导致全球气候变暖、土壤沙漠化、大陆和两极冰川融化，给全球环境造成了巨大的压力。nine
ninth
10

6、二氧化碳气体有什么特点？ten

11、显微镜的发明，是人类认识世界的一大飞跃，把有类带入了一个崭新的微观世界。为了看到更小的物体，人们又研制出了电子显微镜和扫描隧道显微镜。电子显微镜可把物体放大到200万倍。temth

答：①尽可能地不使用一次性用品；②延长物品的使用寿命；③包装盒纸在垃圾中比例很大，购物时减少对它们的使用。11
eleven
eleventh

6、二氧化碳气体有什么特点？12

1、我们每天都要消耗食物和各种各样的生活用品，与此同时，也产生了许多垃圾。twelve
twelfeth
13
thirteen
13-19尾加+teen
thirteenth
13-19尾+th
14
fourteen
fourteenth
15
fifteen
fifteenth
16
sixteen
sixteenth
17
seventeen
seventeenth
18
eighteen
eighteenth
19
nineteen
nineteenth
20
twenty
20-90(整数)尾+ty
twentieth
以ty结尾的数词,改y为i,+eth
30
thirty
thritieth
40
forty
forieth
50
fifty
fiftieth
60
sixty
sixtieth
70
seventy
seventieth
80
eighty
eightieth
90
ninety
ninetieth
100
hundred

hundredth

21
twenty-one
依此类推
twenty-first
基数-序数
36
thirty-six
thirty-sixth
四、写出下列基数词的序数词 和它们的简写形式：
例如： one first / 1st eleven eleventh / 11th
1.      (基变序，有规律，第1，2，3，特殊记，词尾字母 st nd rd ) one ___/__ two ____/__ three ___/__
twenty-one ________/__ twenty-two ________/__
twenty-three ________/__ thirty- one ________/__
2.    (8减t, 9减 e， 词尾再加th )
eight ___/__ nine___/_
twenty-eight ________/__ twenty-nine ________/__ 3.（第5和第12要注意，f来把ve替，词尾再加th）
five ___/__ twelve_____/_ twenty-five ________/__
4. (整十基数要变序，要把ty变ie,词尾再加th
twenty _____/__ thirty ______/_ forty_____/_
fifty_____/__ sixty ______/__ seventy______/_
eighty______/__ ninety______/__

五，根据句子意思填空。
1. Children’s Day（儿童节） is on the    ____     of June（六月）.
2. There are      ____     months（月）in a year(年).
3. Teacher’s Day(教师节) is on the   ____        of September（九月）.
4. Three plus(加) six is   ______      .
六，选择填空。
(   )1. My cousin’s birthday in on the         of October.   
     A. three    B. first     C. the second
(   )2. What date is it today? It’s        of April.    
     A.  twelfth    B. the 12th   C. 12th
(   )3. There are　　　  days in a week.  
     A. the seven 　B. seventh　 C. the seventh 　D. seven
(   )4.Sunday is the         day of a week. 
     A. one       B. first       C. second
(   )5. Twenty-eight minus(减)six is     .  
     A. the twenty- second   B. twenty-two  C. twenty- second
(   )6. Four plus(加)      is twelve.     
     A. seven    B. eight      C. nine
根据题意，填入合适的数词。
1、Sunday is the ( ) day of a week.
2、September is the ( ) moth of a year.
3、October the ( ) is National of a year.
4. There are _______________ days in February.
二、单项选择
1. - How old is your son?
　　- _____. We had a special party for his _____ birthday
last Sunday.
　　A. Nine; nine    B. Nine; ninth
　　C. Ninth; ninth D. Ninth; nine
2. Mrs. Turner have _____ child today.
　　A. second    B. the two
　　C. a second D. the second
3. June is the _____ month of the year.
　　A. five    B. six
　　C. seventh D. sixth
4. The _____ month of a year is December.
　　A. two    B. second    C. twelve D. twelfth
5. - What's the date today?
　　- It's _____ .
　　A. May the fourth    B. May four
　　C. the May fourth D. fourth May 
6. September is the ________ month（月份） of the year.
A. eighth B. ninth C. tenth D. eleventh
7、 There are ________ days in February.
A. thirty B. thirty-one C. twenty-eight D. twenty-six
8. How many months are there in a year? There are _______
A. eleven B. twelve C. twenty D. twelfth
9. The Changjiang River is ________ longest river in China.
A. the first B. the second C. the third D. the fourth
10. There are months in a year， ______ month is February．
A．twelve；two B．twelve；second
C. twelve；the second D. twelfth；the second
11. ---When is your birthday，Jeff?
---My birthday．is______ ．
A. January the thirtieth B. January thirty
C. Thirty of January D．Thirtieth of January
12.---What time is it now?
---It is
A. eleven and thirty B．eleven thirty
C. thirty eleven D．eleven—thirty
13.There are eight classes in our grade．I'm in ______ .
A. Grade Three，Class Two B. Class Two，Grade Three
C. grade three，class two D．class two，grade three
14.In our class of the students ______ girls．
A. three-fifth；are B. three—fifth；is
C. three-fifths；are D．three-fifths；is
( )15. May is ____ of a year.
A. the fifth months B. the fifth month
C. the five months D. the five month
( )16. ---How many English books are there on the table?
---There is only _____English book on it.
A. a B. an C. one D. the
( )17. Is Sunday the ____ day of the week?
A. a B. one C. once D. first
( )18. March the _____ is Women’s Day.
A. eighth B. ninth C. tenth D. eight
( )19. September is the _____month of the year.
A. nineth B. ninth C. nine D. the twelveth
( )20. December the ____ is Christmas.
A. twenty-five B. twenty-fifth
C. twentieth-five D. twenty-five
( )16.-What time is it now? –It’s __________.
A.No.6 B.six ten o’clock C.half past six