2022年辽宁省阜新市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

2022年阜新市初中毕业生学业考试
英语试卷
考试时间90分钟 试卷满分100分
各位同学请注意：务必将试题答案写在答题卡对应的位置上，否则不得分。千万记住哦!
Ⅰ. 单项选择（共15分，每小题1分）
从下面各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
1. Tina takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of________.
A. knowledge B. energy C. change D. trouble
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：蒂娜每天做很多运动，她总是充满能量。
考查名词。knowledge知识；energy能量；change改变；trouble麻烦。根据“takes a lot of exercise”可知锻炼运动说明使人充满能量，用名词energy。故选B。
2. In the following words, which underlined letter of the word has a different sound from the others?
A. cold B. rose C. boss D. kilo
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在下列单词中，单词的哪个下划线字母的发音与其他字母不同？
考查语音知识。cold[kəʊld]；rose[rəʊz]；boss[bɒs]；kilo[ˈkiːləʊ]。根据所给音标可知boss下划线字母的发音与其他字母不同，故选C。
3. Most people don’t like eating lemons because they taste ________.
A. lovely B. sweet C. delicious D. sour
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：大多数人不喜欢吃柠檬，因为它们尝起来很酸。
考查形容词辨析。lovely可爱的；sweet甜的；delicious美味的；sour酸的。根据“Most people don’t like eating lemons”和常识可知，柠檬尝起来很酸。故选D。
4. My brother is very friendly. ________ gets along well with others.
A. He B. She C. I D. You
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我的哥哥很友好。他和他人相处得好。
考查代词。He他；She她；I我；You你。根据“gets along well with”可知，主语应为第三人称单数。再根据前文可知，此处应用he代替my brother。故选A。
5. Jenny is going to buy a pair of glasses because she can ________ see things clearly these days.
A. already B. hardly C. well D. almost
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：珍妮打算买一副眼镜，因为这些天她几乎看不清东西。
考查副词辨析。already已经；hardly几乎不；well好；almost几乎。根据“Jenny is going to buy a pair of glasses”可知买眼镜是因为几乎看不清东西，故选B。
6. Lily often helps her mum do some gardening ________ Sundays.
A. at B. to C. on D. in
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：莉莉经常在星期天帮妈妈做些园艺活。
考查介词辨析。at在……，后加具体时间点； to到……；on在……，后加具体的日期，星期几，节日；in在……，后加一天的上午，下午或晚上，加年，月，季节。on Sundays“在周日”，故选C。
7. Lucy is busy making a fruit cake ________ it’s her mother’s birthday today.
A. or B. but C. although D. because
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：露西正忙着做一个水果蛋糕，因为今天是她妈妈的生日。
考查连词辨析。or“或者”；but“但是”；although“虽然”；because“因为”。根据“Lucy is busy making a fruit cake”和“it’s her mother’s birthday today”可知，露西做水果蛋糕的原因是今天是她妈妈生日；前后句为因果关系，应用because来连接。故选D。
8. —Tom, can you ________ your room? It’s a bit of a mess.
—Sorry, Mum. I’ll do it right now.
A. tidy up B. put up C. look up D. stay up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——汤姆，你能整理一下你的房间吗？有点乱。——对不起，妈妈。我现在就去做。
考查动词短语辨析。tidy up整理；put up张贴；look up查阅；stay up熬夜。根据“It’s a bit of a mess.”可知，房间很乱，需要收拾，故选A。
9. China ________ nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
A. wins B. is winning C. won D. will win
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国在2022年北京冬奥会赢得了9枚金牌。
考查时态。根据“...at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.”可知此处指发生过的事情，用一般过去时。故选C。
10. Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world today.
A. learns B. learned C. was learned D. is learned
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：今天，世界上越来越多的人学习汉语。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“Chinese...by more and more people ”可知，汉语是被人们学习，所以用被动语态，结合today可知，用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are done）。故选D。
11. — ________ do you volunteer in the care home?
— Once a week.
A. How far B. How many C. How much D. How often
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：—— 你多久在养老院做一次志愿者？——每周一次。
考查特殊疑问词。How far多远；How many多少；How much多少钱；How often多久一次。根据“Once a week.”可知问的是频率，故选D。
12. —Look, the plants are green and the flowers are opening.
—Yes, it's spring now. ____________nice season!
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——看，植物是绿色的，花儿开了。——是的，现在是春天。多好的季节啊！
考查感叹句。分析语境可知，这里是感叹句；根据句意和空后nice season可知，这里用“What a/an+形容词+名词单数+（主谓）！”的结构。形容词nice“美好的”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以不定冠词用a。故选C。
13. —Mom is waiting. Can we set off now?
—Just a minute. I can’t find the shoes ________ I bought last week.
A. that B. who C. what D. who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——妈妈在等待。我们现在可以出发了吗？——等一下。我找不到我上周买的鞋了。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是“the shoes”，指物，引导词在从句中作宾语，所以用that或which，结合选项，故选A。
14. —Do you know ________?
—Sure, on April 16th, 2022.
A. when Shenzhou-13 returned to Earth B. when Shenzhou-13 will return to Earth
C. when will Shenzhou-13 return to Earth D. when did Shenzhou-13 return to Earth
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你知道神舟十三号是何时返回地球的吗？——当然知道，2022年4月16日。
考查宾语从句。根据“Do you know…”可知，该句为宾语从句，要用陈述句语序，排除C、D项；再根据主句“on April 16th, 2022”可知，2022年4月16日对于现在而言是过去的时间点，时态应用一般过去时。故选A。
15. —I think Jerry will pass the exam this time.
—________. He has been studying hard this year.
A. I don’t agree B. Yes, that’s all right C. No, he can’t D. I think so
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我想杰瑞这次会通过考试的。——我也是这么想的。今年他一直在努力学习。
考查情景交际。I don’t agree我不同意；Yes, that’s all right是的，没关系；No, he can’t不，他不能；I think so我是这么认为的。根据“He has been studying hard this year.”可知，他努力学习，因此一定会通过考试，此处表示赞同对方。故选D。
Ⅱ. 补全对话（共10分，每小题1分）
（A）从下面所给句子中选择恰当的句子完成下而对话，其中有两个多余选项。
A: Hi, Jane. Would you like to help save the environment?
B: Yes. ___16___
A: You can start by turning off the lights.
B: Yes, that’s easy. Sometimes I turn on the lights without thinking. What’s next?
A: Second, you can ride a bicycle. Don’t take a bus if you don’t have to.
B: ___17___ What else?
A: Third, try to recycle paper.
B: Mm. Newspapers, magazines. mail… ___18___ Good idea.
A: The fourth idea is turning off the shower when you’re not using it.
B: You mean when I have shampoo in my hair?
A: Yes. Get wet. ___19___ Put the shampoo in your hair and then turn on the shower and wash it out.
B: Will that help the environment?
A: Yes, we have to save water. ___20___ Don’t use plastic bags.
B: OK. My parents do most of the shopping. I’ll tell them.
A. But what can I do?
B. We get a lot of paper at home.
C. You’d better clean your room every day.
D. Turn off the shower.
E. Can I help you?
F. And fifth, take a bag when you go shopping.
G. That will save money, too.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. B 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一则对话，主要讲述了保护环境的建议和方法。
【16题详解】
根据“You can start by turning off the lights.”可知，此处应询问自己该怎么做，选项A“但是我能做什么呢”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据“Second, you can ride a bicycle. Don’t take a bus if you don’t have to.”可知，建议骑自行车而不是坐公交，选项G“这也会省钱”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据“Third, try to recycle paper.”可知，此处谈到纸，选项B“我们家里有很多纸”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据“Get wet...Put the shampoo in your hair and then turn on the shower and wash it out.”可知，建议先打湿，把洗发水抹在头发上，然后打开淋浴器，把它洗掉。所以打湿后先关掉淋浴器，选项D“关掉淋浴器”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据“Don’t use plastic bags.”可知，建议不要使用塑料袋，选项F“第五，购物的时候带个包”符合语境，故选F。
（B）
用适当的句子、短语或单词完成对话，使对话完整正确。
Tony: Hi, Tony speaking.
Daming: Hi, Tony. _____21_____. Do you want to see a film this evening?
Tony: Oh, it’s very nice of you to _____22_____. What’s the film about?
Daming: It’s about animals in danger, and what the government is doing to protect them.
Tony: Oh, I’d like to see it. I’m doing my homework about that. _____23_____?
Daming: It will start at eight o’clock.
Tony: So what time _____24_____?
Daming: At half past seven, outside the school gate.
Tony: OK. See you then.
Daming: _____25_____.
【答案】21. This is Daming
22. invite me
23. What time will it start
24. shall we meet 25. See you
【解析】
【导语】本文主要是大明和托尼打算一起去看电影的对话。
【21题详解】
根据“Tony: Hi, Tony speaking.”和“Daming: Hi, Tony.”可知，此处应说“我是大明”，二人在打电话，介绍自己时，用“This is...”。故填This is Daming。
【22题详解】
根据“Do you want to see a film this evening?”和“Oh, it’s very nice of you to...”可知，此处感谢对方邀请自己，故填invite me。
【23题详解】
根据“It will start at eight o’clock.”可知，此处询问电影什么时候开始，故填What time will it start。
【24题详解】
根据“So what time...?”和“At half past seven, outside the school gate.”可知，此处询问双方何时见面，故填shall we meet。
【25题详解】
根据“See you then.”可知，此处应回答“再见”，故填See you。
Ⅲ. 句意填空（共5分，每小题1分）
用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
26. This year we are training more _________ (careful) than usual.
【答案】carefully
【解析】
【详解】句意：今年我们的训练比往常更加认真。空处需用副词形式carefully“认真地”修饰前面的现在分词“training”。故填carefully。
27. The three astronauts of Shenzhou-14 will complete many tasks. They are our _________ (hero).
【答案】heroes
【解析】
【详解】句意：神舟十四号的三名航天员将完成多项任务。 他们是我们的英雄。根据“They are our...”可知，此处应用名词复数形式heroes“英雄”。故填heroes。
28 It is _________ (possible) to clean up the whole river in such a short time.
【答案】impossible
【解析】
【详解】句意：在这么短的时间内把整条河都清理干净是不可能的。根据“to clean up the whole river in such a short time.”可知，在短时间内把整条河清理干净，这是不可能的。impossible“不可能的”，形容词。故填impossible。
29. The Three Gorges Dam produces electricity for _________（million）of people in China.
【答案】millions
【解析】
【详解】句意：三峡大坝为中国数百万人发电。固定短语millions of“数百万的”，故填millions。
30. Doctors and nurses often work very hard without resting or taking care of _________（they）.
【答案】themselves
【解析】
【详解】句意：医生和护士经常工作非常辛苦，没有休息或照顾自己。根据“taking care of”结合主语可知，此处是指医生和护士工作非常辛苦，没有照顾他们自己，应用反身代词，故填themselves。
IV. 句子翻译（共10分）
（A）根据下面所给中文完成句子翻译。（共6分，局部翻译2个小题，每小题1分；整句翻译2个小题，每小题2分）
31. 青少年们应该向孙家栋这样的科学家们学习。
Teenagers should _________ the scientists like Sun Jiadong.
【答案】learn from
【解析】
【详解】根据句意可知，空处缺少“向……学习”的翻译，learn from“向……学习”，情态动词should后用动词原形，故填learn from。
32. 孩子们最好养成放学到家就做作业的习惯。
Kids had better _________ of doing their homework as soon as they get home from school
【答案】get into the habit
【解析】
【详解】get into the habit“养成……的习惯”，had better do sth“最好做某事”，故填get into the habit。
33. 李老师总是鼓励我们多读书。
____________________________________
【答案】Miss Li always encourages us to read more books.
【解析】
【详解】Miss Li李老师，always总是，encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事，us我们，read more books多读书。时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单，故填Miss Li always encourages us to read more books.
34. 在地震中要远离桥梁和树木。
____________________________________
【答案】Stay away from bridges and trees during an earthquake.
【解析】
【详解】stay away from“远离”，bridges and trees“桥梁和树木”，during an earthquake“在地震中”。本句可用祈使句表示，故填Stay away from bridges and trees during an earthquake.
（B）（共4分，每小题2分）
阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文。
Learn to relax. Overwork is the main reason why so many students feel tired. 1. Cut down some of the jobs you need to do each day so that you only do the most important things well. Leave time for activities that are relaxing and fun. This might mean reading a good book, listening to the music, going for a walk or taking a relaxing bath. You will feel very good.
Get a good night’s sleep. 2. Getting enough sleep will help you keep your body and mind in the best condition. If you sleep late and need to get up early for school the next day, you can’t pay attention to the things you need to do. You also feel tired.
Exercise regularly and eat well. Don’t rush through your meals. Eat less junk food or fast food. Eat healthy food instead. Fruits and vegetables are necessary.
35. ____________________________________
36. ____________________________________
【答案】35. 减少你每天需要做的一些工作，这样你就可以把最重要的事情做好。
36. 充足的睡眠将帮助你保持身心最佳状态。
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了一些放松的方式。
【35题详解】
Cut down“减少”；some of the jobs“一些工作”；you need to do“你需要做的”；each day“每天”；so that“以便，为了”；you only do the most important things well“你就可以把最重要的事情做好”。故填：减少你每天需要做的一些工作，这样你就可以把最重要的事情做好。
【36题详解】
Getting enough sleep“充足的睡眠”；will help you“将帮助你”；keep your body and mind in the best condition“帮助你保持身心最佳状态”。故填：充足的睡眠将帮助你保持身心最佳状态。
V. 完形填空（共20分，每小题1分）
（A）根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
We were standing at the top of a high tower. My father had brought me to this tower in a small town not far from our home in Rome. I wondered ___37___ .
“Look down, Elsa,” father said. I called up all my ___38___ and looked down. I saw the square in the center of the village. And I saw many twisting（曲折的）and turning streets leading ___39___ the square. “See, my dear,” father said softly. “There is more than one way to the square. Life is like that. If you can’t get to the place where you want to go by one road, ___40___ another.”
Now I understood why I was there. Earlier that day I had asked my mother to do something about the terrible lunches that were ___41___ at school. But she refused because she could not believe the lunches were as bad as I said.
When I ___42___ to father for help, he didn’t say anything. Instead, he brought me to this high tower to give me a lesson. By the time we reached home, I had a plan.
At school the next day, I secretly poured（倒出）my lunch soup into a bottle and brought it home. Then I asked our family cook to serve it to mother at dinner. The plan worked ___43___ . She swallowed（咽下）one spoonful and said angrily. “The cook must have gone mad!” Quickly I told her what I had done, and mother agreed that she would deal with the ___44___ of lunches at school the next day!
In the years that followed I often remembered the lesson father taught me. I began to work as a fashion designer two years ago. I wouldn’t stop working until I tried every ___45___ means to my goal. Father’s wise ___46___ always remind me that there is more than one way to the square.
37. A. how B. why C. when D. what
38. A. effort B. interests C. thoughts D. courage
39. A. for B. at C. on D. to
40. A. make B. try C. enter D. find
41. A. sold B. eaten C. served D. bought
42. A. turned B. stepped C. shouted D. reported
43. A. awfully B. quietly C. naturally D. perfectly
44. A. treat B. trade C. matter D. research
45. A. direct B. quick C. possible D. correct
46. A. words B. plans C. actions D. subjects
【答案】37. B 38. D 39. D 40. B 41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. C 46. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了父亲带作者去教堂顶部，让作者看下面的路，原来有很多的路通向同一个广场，告诉我们一个道理：生活也是这样，当我们用一种方法不能成功的时候，尝试另一种方法。
【37题详解】
句意：我想知道为什么。
how如何；why为什么；when何时；what什么。根据后文“Now I understood why I was there”可知，想知道的是原因，故选B。
【38题详解】
句意：我鼓起全部勇气往下看。
effort努力；interests兴趣；thoughts想法；courage勇气。根据“My father had brought me to this tower in a small town not far from our home in Rome.”及“Look down, Elsa,”可知，父亲带我到高塔的顶端，所以是鼓起勇气向下看，故选D。
【39题详解】
句意：我看到许多弯弯曲曲的街道通向广场。
for为了；at在；on在……上；to到。根据“And I saw many twisting and turning streets leading...the square.”可知，此处是lead to短语，意为“通向”，故选D。
【40题详解】
句意：如果一条路走不到你想去的地方，那就走另一条路。
make制作；try尝试；enter进入；find发现。根据“If you can’t get to the place where you want to go by one road”可知，此处是尝试另一条路，故选B。
【41题详解】
句意：那天早些时候，我要求母亲对学校供应的糟糕午餐做点什么。
sold卖；eaten吃；served提供；bought买。根据“the terrible lunches that were...at school”可知，此处是指学校提供的糟糕午餐，故选C。
【42题详解】
句意：当我向父亲求助时，他什么也没说。
turned转向；stepped踏；shouted大叫；reported报道。根据“When I... to father for help”可知，此处是turn to sb for help“向某人求助”，故选A。
【43题详解】
句意：这个计划很成功。
awfully糟糕地；quietly安静地；naturally自然地；perfectly完美地。根据“She swallowed one spoonful and said angrily. ‘The cook must have gone mad!’”可知，这个计划很成功，故选D。
【44题详解】
句意：我很快地告诉了她我所做的一切，母亲同意她第二天在学校处理午餐的问题！
treat招待；trade贸易；matter事情；research研究。结合上文作者说学校午饭的问题可知，此处是指午饭的事情，故选C。
【45题详解】
句意：我不会停止工作，直到我尝试了所有可能的方法来实现我的目标。
direct直接的；quick迅速的；possible可能的；correct正确的。根据“every...means to my goal”可知，实现目标要使用所以有可能的方法，故选C。
【46题详解】
句意：父亲的至理名言总是提醒我，通往广场的路不止一条。
words话语；plans计划；actions行为；subjects科目。根据上文“There is more than one way to the square. Life is like that. If you can’t get to the place where you want to go by one road”可知，此处是指父亲的话，故选A。
（B）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词正确形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个词只能用一次，有两个多余词）
how study when show machine a what need use with living in
Mark Smith is a student at a vocational school —a school where people learn how to do many of the jobs that are needed in modern society.
“After I finished secondary school, my results ___47___ that I was better at doing things than at reading books. I had to decide how I wanted to make a ___48___ in the future. I’m the sort of person who is g