陕西省2018年中考英语真题试题（含解析）.doc

陕西省2018年中考英语真题试题
第一部分
听力部分
A卷
I.听对话,选答案
第一节:听下面10段对话每段对话后有一个问题,读两遍,请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题,从所给的三个选项中选出最恰当的一项。
1. A. Mother and son B. Father and daughter C. Teacher and student.
2. A. It's black B. It's green C. It's blue.
3. A. To the hospital B. To the school C. To the bank.
4. A. Dumplings B. Rice C. Noodles.
5. A. To watch TV B. To go climbing C. To stay at home.
6. A. A writing test B. A listening test C. A reading test.
7. A. it's sunny B. It's cloudy C. It's rainy.
8. A. It's Monday B. It's Wednesday C. It's Sunday.
9. A. The music club B. The sports club C. The art club.
10. A. a player B. An actor C. A singer.
第二节:听下面两段对话,每段对话后有几道小题,请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题从所给的三个选项中选出最恰当的一项。每段对话读两遍。
听第11段对话,回答第11、12小题。
11. Who is out?
A. Sam.
B. John
C. Mary.
2. What is the message?
A. To call back in the afternoon.
B. To buy a bag in the afternoon.
C. To go back in the afternoon.
听第12段对话,回答第13至15小题。
13. What's wrong with the girl?
A. She has a headache.
B. She has a toothache.
C. She has a stomachache.
14. What did the girl have for supper?
A. Ice creams and watermelon.
B. A hamburger and some fish.
C. Dumplings and some fruit.
15. How often will the girl take the medicine?
A. Once a day.
B. Twice a day.
C. Three times a day.
II.听短文,选答案
本题你将听到一篇短文,读两遍,请从每个小题的三个选项中,选出最恰当的一项。
16. Who went for a holiday with Zhang Yuan last Summer?
A. His friends.
B. His parents.
C. His classmates.
17. Most of the time, the town was very ________.
A. popular
B. peaceful
C. noisy
18. How old was the lady in the town?
A. She was 97.
B. She was 76.
C. She was 79.
19. The lady had a ______ in the town.
A. shop
B. hotel
C. restaurant
20. In this passage, "she was content with her life there" means she was _______ with her life there.
A. happy
B. sad
C. surprised
笔试部分
Ⅲ. 完形填空
第一节:阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,使短文连贯完整。
One day. David and his friends talked about who their closest____1____were. When it was his turn, he said, "My best friend is Amy,____2____81-year-old woman living in Florida."
Their friendship came____3____a game. In the game, David and Amy were on the same team. After this game, they became good friends. David even told her about his dream of music.
However, life was hard for David at that time. He hardly____4____time or money to play music. Most of the time. he had to work in a restaurant. He felt that his dream was hopeless(无望的). ___5___he almost lost heart, Amy gave him lots of help and supported his dream. Two years later, he decided____6____to New York for his dream. There he held his first concert successfully.
After the concert, a famous reporter in New York heard of their story. He wanted to know what ___7___. So he flew to Florida to interview her. To his surprise, the friendship between Amy and David was____8____than he could imagine.
Later, many people____9____by this story. But Amy thought it was nothing. She said, "As friends, we____10____give a hand when they need."
1. A. friend B. friends C. classmate D. classmates
2. A. the B. / C. a D. an
3. A. from B. below C. to D. at
4. A. have B. had C. has had D. will have
5. A. Before B. When C. Unless D. If
6. A. go B. going C. to go D. gone
7. A. Amy was like B. was Amy like C. is Amy like D. Amy is like
8. A. beautiful B. beautifully C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful
9. A. is moved B. are moved C. was moved D. were moved
10. A. should B. would C. mustn't D. can't
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A
【解析】本文讲述了两个人之间令人感动的友谊故事。
1. 句意：大卫和他的朋友们谈论他们最亲密的朋友是谁。A.朋友B.朋友（复数）C.同学D.同学（复数），后面提到了friend，说明是在讨论最亲密的朋友，各自最亲密的朋友不止一个，所以要用复数，故选B。
2. 句意：我最好的朋友是艾米，她是一个81岁住在佛罗里达州的老妇人。她是“一个”老妇人，是泛指，第一次提到，使用不定代词表示“一个”，故选 D。
3. 句意：她们的友谊来自一次比赛。A.从…B.在…下面C.到D. 在…。come from意为“来自…”，在描述友谊的缘起，故选A。
4. 句意：他几乎没有时间或金钱去玩音乐。这里是在描述过去的事情，讲述他过去“没有”…，所以使用hardly had，故选B。
5. 句意：当他几乎失去了信心的时候，他觉得他的梦想是无望的。A.在…之前B.当…C.除非…D.如果…。when引导的是时间状语从句，描述的是“当…时”，其他的连词表达的意思不合句意，故选 B。
6. 句意：两年后，他决定去纽约为了他的梦想。decide to do意为“决定去做…”，本句中是“decide to go”，故选C。
7. 句意：他想要知道艾米是什么样的。know后面引导的是“知道”的内容，是宾语从句，应该使用陈述语序，只有Amy was like是陈述语序，故选A。
8. 句意：令他惊讶的是，艾米和大卫之间的友谊比他能想象到的更美丽。A.美丽的B.美丽地C.更美丽的D.最美丽的。出现了than，要使用比较级来表示“更….”，be动词后用形容词，这里需要的是形容词beautiful的比较级，故选C。
9. 句意：后来，很多人被这个故事感动了。move有“感动”的意思，人们只能是“被感动”，所以要用被动语态，加之是在描述过去的事情，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，所以要填were moved，故选D。
10. 句意：作为朋友，我们应该在他们需要的时候伸出援手。. A.应该B.将C.禁止D.不能。这里想表达的是“应该”之意，故选 A。
点睛：宾语从句要使用陈述语序。陈述句语序：即主宾的顺序，根据引导词的不同分为主语+谓语+that从句；主语+谓语+if从句；主语+谓语+特殊疑问词从句。本篇第7题的宾语从句是what 特殊疑问词引导的，但后面也要使用陈述语序，只有Amy was like是陈述语序。
第二节:阅读下面一篇短文,理解大意,然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,使短连贯完整。
Since my mother moved to live with us in the city, she has been much heavier than before. As time went by, her health got____11____. So I had to take her to see a____12____. My mother was told to lose weight by doing exercise every day. She had no choice but to follow____13____the doctor said. I told her that I would exercise with her every morning.
On the first morning, she got up very early____14____ran with me in our neighborhood. I tried to run slowly so that she could follow me. After____15____for some minutes, I told her the proper ways of exercise and the importance of eating healthy food. She listened to me carefully. It made me____16____that she told me everything very patiently when I was a kid. On the second morning, I praised her for keeping running with me.
But after two weeks, she wanted to____17____running because she thought the two-week exercise didn't work at all. To encourage her, I taught her how to use the facilities (设施) for exercise in our____18____. She began to exercise again.
With my help, it____19____her one month to develop a good habit of daily exercise. "Thank you, my dear daughter. Exercise brings health and happiness to me. I will___20___worry about my health." Her words touched my heart deeply. I felt happy to make a big difference to my mother's life.
11. A. better B. stronger C. worse D. thinner
12. A. teacher B. waiter C. nurse D. doctor
13. A. that B. what C. which D. where
14. A. and B. but C. so D. or
15. A. swimming B. running C. playing D. eating
16. A. act B. eat up C. set up D. remember
17. A. give up B. hospital C. neighborhood D. put up
18. A. school B. hospital C. neighborhood D. cinema
19. A. cost B. spent C. took D. paid
20. A. never B. ever C. sometimes D. always
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】本文讲了通过作者“我”的很大的努力帮助妈妈养成良好锻炼习惯的故事。
11. 句意：随着时间的推移，她的健康更差了。A.更好B.更强C.更差D.更薄。从后面看到妈妈被告知要每天锻炼，能够推断出她健康状况不好，故选C。
12. 句意：所以我不得不带她去看医生。A.老师B.服务员C.护士D.医生。see a doctor意为“看医生”，健康状态不好所以要看医生，故选D。
13. 句意：她别无选择，只能听医生说的。A. that引导宾语从句B.什么C.哪个D.哪里。follow意为“听从”，后加宾语从句，“what doctor said”意为“医生说的”，如果使用that后面宾语从句的内容不完整，C和D意义不正确，故选B。
14. 句意：第一天早上，她很早起来了并且和我在街区里跑步。A.并且B.但C.所以D.或。两个动作之间的关系是并列，使用and即可，没有转折、因果关系，故选A。
15. 句意：在跑了几分钟之后，我告诉她锻炼的正确方式和吃健康食物的重要性。A.游泳B.跑C.玩D.吃。前文在讲他们在跑步，故这里选B。
16. 句意：这让我记起了她小时候非常耐心地告诉我任何东西。A.行动B.吃完C.设置D.记住。“it”指的是“她认真听我讲话”这件事，这让我想起（remember）了过去，故选D。
17. 句意：但是两周后，她想要放弃跑步因为她认为两周的锻炼没什么作用。A.放弃B.医院C.邻居D.举起；张贴。从后面的原因可以得出她想要放弃（give up）了，故选A。
18. 句意：为了鼓励她，我教她如何在街区内使用设施进行锻炼。A.学校B.医院C.邻里D.电影院。对比选项发现有设施能够锻炼的场所只能是在街区里，故选C。
19. 句意：在我的帮助下，养成每天锻炼的好习惯花了她一个月。spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见用法如下： sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。take常见用法有如下： It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。pay的基本用法是： pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……。所以这里可以选择的“花费”是“take”，故选C。
20. 句意：我从不担心我的健康了。A.从不B.永远C.有时D.永远。这是她的感受，锻炼带来了快乐，再也不会担心健康问题了，故选 A。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
第一节:于都下面一篇短文,判断下列句子是否符合短文内容,符合的用“A”表示,不符合的用“B”表示。
A
Now, it seems that artficial intelligence （人工智能）is becoming more and more popular in our life, and it has greatly influenced the ways we live, work and play. Can you imagine that you can play table tennis with a robot one day?
Recently, a scientist has invented a special robot that can be a table tennis coach. That means people can practice table tennis not only with humans but also with a robot.
Named Forpheus, the smart table tennis robot is quite special. It can study the movements of human players and the speeds of the ball. In this way, it can exactly judge (判断) the player' skill levels (水平). Then it uses the information to change the ways to play. If the player are just beginners, Forpheus will play in a slow and easy way, but if the players are better ones, the robot will play in a faster and more difficult way. What's more, while playing, it encourages players to try their beat with words like "Good job!", "Come on!" and so on. At the same time, it gives some good advice to improve their skills. So it is both a good partner and a clever coach.
Science and technology is developing quickly these days and it's hard to imagine what will happen in the future. "In the next 20 years, it will be possible that one robot teaches another to play table tennis or even invents another one!" Takuoya, the inventor of the robot, said.
21. Artificial intelligence has influenced people's life in many ways.
22. Orpheus is the name of the inventor of the robot.
23. The robot can judge the skill levels of human players exactly.
24. One robot will probably teach another to play table tennis in the future.
25. The robot can encourage the human players, but it can't give advice.
【答案】21. A 22. B
23. A 24. A
25. B
【解析】本文介绍了一种可以和人打乒乓球并具备提高运动员技能的机器人。
21. 句意：人工智能在很多方面影响了人们的生活。原文“it has greatly influenced the ways we live, work and play”（它极大地影响了我们的生活，工作和娱乐方式）说明人工智能影响很广，是正确的，故填A。
22. 句意：奥菲斯是机器人发明者的名字。原文“Named Forpheus， the smart table tennis robot is quite special.”（名为奥菲斯的智能乒乓球机器人非常特别。），Forpheus是机器人的名字，原句是不正确的，填B。
23. 句意：机器人可以准确判断人类运动员的技能水平。原文“it can exactly judge (判断) the player' skill levels”（它可以准确判断运动员的技能等级），所以原陈述是正确的，故填A。
24. 句意：在未来，一个机器人可能会教另一个人打乒乓球。原文中写机器人可以改变打球的方式，会根据运动员的水平作出调整（change the ways to play），说明它是可以教人打球的，原句是正确的，故填A。
25. 句意：机器人可以鼓励人类运动员，但不能给出建议。原文“At the same time, it gives some good advice to improve their skills.”（同时，它提供了一些改善技能的好建议。），故原句是错误的，故填B。
第二节:阅读下面B、C、D三篇短文,从各小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。
B
Many animals around us are smart. Let’s get to know some of them.
Dolphins are smarter animals in the sea. Researchers put sea animals to a test. In the test, the researchers made red marks on the animal’s bodies and took them in front of a mirror. Many sea animals either ran away or fought with the ones in the mirror. However, when the dolphins saw themselves in the mirror, they tried to clean the red marks off their bodies. So the researchers believed that the dolphins knew the ones in the mirror were just themselves.

Bees work hard, and they are smart enough to learn something. Researchers found a group of bees and taught them to tell which horizontal line (水平线) was higher than the other. If they could find the higher line, they would get sugar as a prize. After training for a period of time, the researchers tested the bees. To their surprise, the bees found the higher horizontal line quickly and got sugar. Instead, when the researchers showed them vertical lines (垂直线), the bees simply flew away, because they knew there was no way to get sugar.

Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are very human-like. They can learn fast and well. Researchers showed the numbers from one to nine on the screen. Chimpanzees and some college students were asked to remember where the numbers were after watching the numbers in less than a second. The adult chimpanzees and the college students performed almost the same, but the young chimpanzees performed much better. It was amazing.

26. In the test, the dolphins _______________.
A. felt afraid and ran away from the mirror
B. tried to fight with the ones in the mirror
C. didn’t find any red marks on their bodies
D. tried to clean the red marks off their bodies
27. When the bees saw the vertical lines, they _________.
A. flew away
B. found the higher line
C. stayed there
D. found the numbers
28. _____________ performed better in remembering where the numbers were.
A. The adult chimpanzees
B. The old chimpanzees
C. The young chimpanzees
D. The college students
【答案】26. D 27. A 28. C
【解析】本文介绍了几种比较聪明的动物：海豚，蜜蜂和大猩猩。
26. 句意：在测试中，海豚试图清除身体上的红色标记。A.感到害怕并逃离镜子B.试着和镜子里的自己打架C.他们的身上没有发现任何红色标记D.试图清除身体上的红色标记。原文“they tried to clean the red marks off their bodies.”（它们试图清除身体上的红色标记），这里描述的是海豚看到镜子里的自己后采取的行动，故选D。
27. 句意：当蜜蜂看到垂直线时，它们飞走了。A.飞走了B.找到了更高的线C.呆在那里D.找到了数字。原文“when the researchers showed them vertical lines, the bees simply flew away”（当研究人员向他们展示垂直线时，蜜蜂只是飞走了），故选A。
28. 句意：年轻的黑猩猩在记住数字的位置时表现得更好。A.成年黑猩猩B.老年黑猩猩C.年轻的黑猩猩D.大学生。原文“but the young chimpanzees performed much better.”（但年轻的黑猩猩表现得更好。），故选C。
C
A person has two ears but only one mouth. That means we should listen, not just speak. The word "listen" has the same letters as the word "silent". Listening silently is a good quality that we should have. Then why is it important to be a good listener?
Listening is really helpful.
When someone is sad or angry, he wants to express his poor feelings. At this moment, we need to listen silently first until he gets calm (冷静的). Then we may have a good talk with him. Maybe it is a good way to help him out.
Listening is a kind of love.
For example, we may think our parents are always talking too much. But in fact, they do so because they are anxious about our health, study and so on. If we listen patiently, our parents will feel we care about them. A loving silence is often more powerful (有力量的) than words.
Listening is polite behavior.
Sometimes, we just want others to listen to us but forget to listen to others. In fact, that's not polite. In order to show our respect(尊重) for others, we had better listen to them first. Then we can express our ideas.
Listening sounds easy， but it's not. Every head is a world. So we should learn to listen with our ears, eyes and hearts as much as we can, and try to make ourselves good listeners from now on.
29. When someone is sad or angry, we should _____ first.
A. listen to him silently
B. express our poor feelings
C. talk too much with him
D. tell his parents about it
30. The underlined word "anxious" here probably means "_______".
A. satisfied
B. angry
C. worried
D. excited
31. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. We should ask others to listen to us first.
B. We should express our ideas first.
C. We should let others respect us first.
D. We had better listen to others first.
【答案】29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】本文简述了做一个好的倾听者是非常重要的并阐明了原因。
29. 句意：当某人感到悲伤或生气时，我们应该先默默地听他说。A.默默地听他说
B.表达我们的不良情绪C.跟他说太多话D.告诉他的父母。原文“we need to listen silently first until he gets calm”（我们需要先静静地听，直到他平静下来），