湖南省长沙市2019年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

2019年湖南长沙中考英语试卷
I．听力技能
第一节　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
1．Where did Jim go last weekend?
A．The science park. B．The countryside. C．The city library.
2．How often does the boy play basketball?
A．Every day. B．Twice a week. C．Twice a month.
3．What’s the weather like today?
A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Snowy.
4．When will Mary have a picnic?
A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday.
5．What color does the girl like best?
A．Green. B．Blue. C．Yellow.

第二节　听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2-3个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
听第六段对话，回答第6、7小题。
6．What will the man do next?
A．Leave right away. B．Stay for dinner. C．Catch a train.
7．How long will it take the man to get to the station?
A．Half an hour. B．One hour. C．One and a half hours.
听第七段对话，回答第8、9小题。
8．When will they go for a trip?
A．In June. B．In July. C．In August.
9．How long will they stay there?
A．For five days. B．For a week. C．For a month.
听第八段对话，回答第10、11小题。
10．What is the second gift for Cathy?
A．A skirt. B．A car. C．A computer.
11．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Husband and wife. B．Boss and secretary. C．Father and daughter.
听第九段对话，回答第12至14小题。
12．What is John doing at the moment?
A．Cleaning the kitchen. B．Watching TV. C．Writing an email.
13．How old is Mark?
A．Seven. B．Eight. C．Nine.
14．What makes John unhappy?
A．His mother’s strictness. B．His brother’s laziness. C．His uncle’s arrival.
听第十段对话，回答第15至17小题。
15．Who helped Bob to make progress in math?
A．Jack. B．Lucy. C．Tony.
16．Which subject has become Lucy’s favorite?
A．Math. B．History. C．Physics.
17．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．History classes. B．Talent shows. C．Special memories.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至20小题。
18．In which country do children pick up things on their first birthdays?
A．China. B．Mexico. C．America.
19．When do girls in Mexico have a special birthday celebration?
A．At age 15. B．At age 18. C．At age 21.
20．What is often put on the top of a cake for the 21st birthday?
A．A candy. B．A coin. C．A key.

II．知识运用
第一节　语法填空　从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
1._______ fun it is to have a field trip on the Orange Island!
A. What B. What a C. How
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：在橘子岛上进行野外旅行是多么有趣啊！若感叹句中出现主语就抓住感叹句中的主语，如果主语前是名词，则用what，再考虑冠词；如果主语前是形容词或副词，则用how。 可知原句中的it为感叹句主语，其前fun为不可数名词，故不加冠词。故答案为A。
2.Keep trying, ______ you might surprisingly find hidden abilities within you.
A. but B. and C. or
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：继续努力，你可能会惊讶地发现你内心隐藏的能力。
A. but但是，表示转折关系；B. and和，而且，表示顺承关系；C. or或者，表示选择关系。and可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件，题干也可以理解为“如果你继续努力，你可能会惊讶地发现你内心隐藏的能力”。故答案为B。
3.Yesterday our headmaster made a speech ______ environmental protection, and we learned something about recycling of waste.
A. on B. at C. to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨天我们校长做了一次关于环境保护的演讲，我们学到了一些关于废物回收的知识。A. on关于；B. at在；C. to到。on 表示“关于”，涉及“……专业领域”。故答案为A。
4.— I can’t find Sarah. Where is she?
— She ______ for tomorrow’s Xingcheng Cup speaking competition at home.
A. prepares B. will prepare C. is preparing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我找不到萨拉。她在哪里？——她正在家里为明天的星城杯演讲比赛做准备。A. prepares一般现在时；B. will prepare一般将来时；C. is preparing现在进行时。问句是询问萨拉在哪里，是说当前的情况，答语用现在进行时表示她正在做某事，故答案为C。
5.— So sorry, I took your school T-shirt by mistake. But where is _______?— Don’t worry. Let me help you find it.
A yours B. his C. mine
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——太抱歉了，我错拿了你的学校T恤。但我的呢？——别担心。我来帮你找一下。A. yours你的，名词性物主代词；B. his他的，形容词性或名词性物主代词；C. mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据前一句“I took your school T-shirt by mistake.”的句意“我错拿了你的学校T恤”，必然询问自己的T恤在哪里，故答案为C。
【点睛】人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。如：He is a teacher.(主格) Let me help you.(宾格)；物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，形容词性物主代词用作定语，修饰名词，如my book, his father(形容词性物主代词)。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如：His hands are dirtier than mine (my hands).
6.I ______ abroad for several years, but I have never regretted my final decision to move back to my motherland.
A. am living B. lived C. have lived
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我在国外住了几年，但我从未后悔我搬回祖国的最后决定。A. am living现在进行时；B. lived一般过去时。C. have lived现在完成时。根据语境理解，现在已经回国，那么住在国外就是过去的事情，句子需要用一般过去时来表达，故答案为B。
7.— Perfect photos! Good skills!
— Thank you. They ______ by my Huawei mobile phone. In fact, I am not skillful at all.
A. took B. were taken C. will be taken
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：好漂亮的照片！技术真棒！——谢谢。它们是用我的华为手机拍摄的。事实上，我一点也不熟练。A. took一般过去时的主动语态；B. were taken一般过去时的被动语态；C. will be taken一般将来时的被动语态。They代指Perfect photos，与动词take之间是被动的关系，排除A；这些照片已经拍摄完毕，是在过去拍摄的，故用一般过去时态，答案为B。
8.Of the two physics problems, Martha just finished ______ one.
A. the most difficult B. the least difficult C. the less difficult
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在这两个物理问题中，玛莎刚刚完成了不那么难的一个。A. the most difficult最难的；B. the least difficult最不难的；C. the less difficult较不难的。根据前面的句子可知，比较的范围是两者，故用比较级的形式，答案为C。
9.China is getting better at making hi-tech products ______ can be bought in all parts of the world.
A. who B. which C. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国在制造高科技产品方面变得更加擅长，并且这些产品世界大部分地区都能买到。
此句考查定语从句的关系词。who引导定语从句时先行词是人，who在从句中作主语或宾语；which引导定语从句时先行词是物，which在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能用来引导定语从句。本句的先行词是hi-tech products高科技产品，指物，用which来引导，故答案为B。
【点睛】在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换)，例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
10.Life is like a story. What matters is not how long it is but______.
A. how good it is B. how good is it C. what good it is
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：生活就像一个故事。重要的不是它有多长，而是它有多好。is后跟表语从句，从句要用陈述句的语序，排除B；how+形容词或副词，what+（形容词）+名词，good为形容词形式，故答案为A。

第二节　词语填空　通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
Thanksgiving was just around the corner. The menu（菜谱）had been set. The shopping list was made. ___11___ seemed perfect. I could taste turkey and mashed potatoes（火鸡和土豆泥）. Pictures of different pies, fruit and vegetables came into my mind. I couldn’t ___12___!
The day before Thanksgiving my dad called a family meeting. He said we needed to practice being ___13___. “We are going to ___14___ at a homeless shelter（收容所）on Thanksgiving Day.” I couldn’t believe this was happening. So we wouldn’t cook our own Thanksgiving dinner? The holiday wouldn’t be the same. I thought the day would be ruined（糟蹋）.
The next morning, we got up ___15___. I followed my father to the shelter with my sleepy eyes. I had no great expectations and felt ___16___ all the way. As soon as we arrived, we got to work. There was so much to be done. But all I could think about was the dinner I couldn’t enjoy.
However, those thoughts soon ___17___. Over the next few hours, I watched hundreds of people come through the shelter. For some, this was the only hot meal they would eat that week. For others, it was the first time to eat a Thanksgiving meal. The shelter was filled with ___18___.
Through this experience, I learned that Thanksgiving is a time to think about your blessings（祝福）and look for ways to bless others. When I gave up what I had wanted, I discovered how much I have. It is much better to ___19___ than to receive. In the end, that Thanksgiving became an ___20___ experience.
11. A. Something B. Everything C. Nothing
12. A. wait B. care C. understand
13. A. creative B. nervous C. thankful
14. A. rush out B. help out C. check out
15. A. early B. late C. suddenly
16 A. excited B. good C. down
17. A. appeared B. disappeared C. rose
18. A. stress B. joy C. fear
19. A. give B. take C. waste
20. A. uncomfortable B. unreasonable C. unforgettable
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. C
【解析】
短文大意：作者介绍了践行感恩的一次难忘经历。在感恩节那天，爸爸带着他到当地的一家收容所帮忙，作者对于在收容所原本所讨厌的饭食却成了有些无家可归的人唯一能吃的热饭，思想也发生了改变，情感得到了升华，感悟到爱的真谛。
【11题详解】
句意：一切似乎都很完美。A. Something某事，某物；B. Everything每件事，所有事物；C. Nothing没有什么，没有一件东西。根据后面的句子“I could taste turkey and mashed potatoes（火鸡和土豆泥）. Pictures of different pies, fruit and vegetables came into my mind.”可知，作者可以品尝到火鸡和土豆泥。各种馅饼、水果和蔬菜的照片也浮现在脑海中。圣诞节前夕一切准备就绪，看起来都很完美，故答案为B。
12题详解】
句意：我有点迫不及待了。A. wait等待；B. care照顾；C. understand理解。can’t wait迫不及待。看到准备好的圣诞大餐，作者有点迫不及待地想吃了，答案为A。
【13题详解】
句意：他说我们需要实践感恩。A. creative创造性的；B. nervous紧张的；C. thankful感激的。根据后面的句子“We are going to ___4___ at a homeless shelter（收容所）on Thanksgiving Day.”可知，去收容所提供帮助是献爱心的一种行为。故答案选C。
【14题详解】
句意：我们将在感恩节在收容所提供帮助。A. rush out冲出去；B. help out解决难题，帮助（……）分担工作；C. check out核实。根据下文中的句子As soon as we arrived, we got to work. There was so much to be done.可知，作者他们是去收容所为那些无家可归的人提供所谓的“感恩节大餐”，去帮助他们，故答案为B。
【15题详解】
句意：第二天早上，我们起得很早。A. early早的；B. late晚的；C. suddenly突然。结合后面的句子“I followed my father to the shelter with my sleepy eyes.”我睡眼朦胧地跟着父亲来到收容所。由此可知他们一大早就起来了，故答案为A。
【16题详解】
句意：我没有太高的期望，一路上感觉精神不太好。A. excited兴奋的；B. good好的；C. down沮丧的。feel down感觉情绪低落。根据前面的句子“I couldn’t believe this was happening. So we wouldn’t cook our own Thanksgiving dinner? The holiday wouldn’t be the same. I thought the day would be ruined（糟蹋）.”可知，作者对爸爸提议这次感恩节去收容所并不开心。故答案为C。
【17题详解】
句意：然而，这些想法很快就消失了。A. appeared出现；B. disappeared消失；C. rose升高。根据后面的句子“Over the next few hours, I watched hundreds of people come through the shelter. For some, this was the only hot meal they would eat that week. For others, it was the first time to eat a Thanksgiving meal.”在接下来的几个小时里，我看到数百人从庇护所里经过。对一些人来说，这是他们那周唯一能吃的热饭。对其他人来说，这是第一次吃感恩节大餐。作者对于在收容所原本所讨厌的饭食却成了有些无家可归的人唯一能吃的热饭，思想也发生了改变，故答案为B。
【18题详解】
句意：庇护所里充满了欢乐。A. stress压力；B. joy高兴；C. fear恐惧。对于那些能吃上一顿热饭，生平第一次吃到感恩节大餐的人来说一定非常开心快乐，答案为B。
【19题详解】
句意：给予比接受要好得多。A. give给；B. take拿走，取走；C. waste浪费。结合前面的句子“When I gave up what I had wanted, I discovered how much I have.”当我放弃了曾经想要的东西，我发现自己也拥有了更多。因此作者感悟到“奉献比索取要好得多”，答案为A。
【20题详解】
句意：最后，那次感恩节成了一次难忘的经历。A. uncomfortable不舒服的；B. unreasonable不合理的；C. unforgettable难忘的。这次经历，作者的情感得到了升华，感悟到爱的真谛，因此是一次难忘的经历。答案为C。
Ⅲ．阅读技能
第一节　图表理解　阅读下面的图表，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
A

21. The Yum Restaurant stays open for _______ in total.
A. two hours B. three hours C. five hours
22. From the menu above, we know that _______.
A. bread and butter goes with starters
B. there are four kinds of different ice cream
C. the desserts are available for both lunch and dinner
【答案】21. C 22. A
【解析】
这是一则百胜餐厅的营业广告信息。列举了开胃小吃，主食，甜点，饮料等食品名称以及价格。还包括营业时间等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的内容“Lunch served 12: 30-2: 30 p.m./Dinner served 6: 00-9: 00 p.m.”可知，午餐营业两个小时，晚餐营业三个小时，共计五个小时。答案为C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的信息“All starters are served with bread and butter.”所有的开胃小菜都配有面包和黄油。故答案为A。

B

23. If you are accepted as part of the audience by EZ Comedy Club, you can ___________.
A. perform there
B. watch a live show
C. record your own comedies
24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the poster（海报）?
A. The host of the show.
B. The way to join the audience.
C. Recording time and location.
25. We can infer（推断）from the poster that the show could be _______.
A. very serious
B. quite funny
C. kind of boring
【答案】23. B 24. A 25. B
【解析】
这是EZ喜剧俱乐部为一场演出而发布的一则海报。介绍了演出的时间、地点、联系方式以及注意事项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中句子“The greatest live show ever is coming to town! Do you want to be part of the live audience(观众)?”有史以来最伟大的现场表演即将到来！你想成为现场观众的一部分吗？由此可知如果你被EZ喜剧俱乐部接受为观众的一部分，可以观看现场表演。故答案为B。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中信息“How to join the audience? Please email us the following information atezccaudience2019(@…”可知，海报中介绍了加入现场观众的方式；根据文中信息“Recording Time Friday, July 12, 2019 Recording Location(位置)361 3 Ave. New Haven. CT”可知，海报中介绍了录制时间和地点。没有提到节目主持人。故答案为A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据海报的标题LAUGH YOUR HEAD OFF! 狂笑不止，捧腹大笑。以及文中句子“you’ll have an amazing afternoon at EZ Comedy Club.”你将在EZ喜剧俱乐部度过一个美妙的下午。由此我们可以从海报上推断出这个节目可能很有趣。故答案为B。
第二节 短文理解 阅读下面的短文，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
A

Recently, a junior high school sent several students back home because they broke the school uniform（校服）rules. Should students wear school uniforms? The Young World magazine held a discussion on this topic（话题）.
Kennedy: The school uniform is very important, because it always reminds me that I am supposed to go out of my way to study hard. It also helps prevent school bullying（欺凌）. If everyone wears the same clothes, it is impossible to laugh at other people’s clothing.
Manson: The uniform has to be earned（获得）through efforts. Students should start school with no uniforms. As they make progress at school, they start wearing it. I always think children need to be proud of their school. The uniform is important for that. So, make students earn it! If they don’t perform well, they should not be allowed to get one.
Moorhead: In my opinion, kids don’t have to wear uniforms. There should be more choices open to kids in education. They ought to develop their own independence and just be themselves. Their personalities would be expressed through their own clothes at school. And different dress could be one way of showing their understanding of beauty. Besides, they make the school lively and colorful.
Patrick: I can see the advantages of wearing school uniforms. They play a very important role in managing schools. However, a school should not depend heavily on uniforms to improve students’ behaviors. Teaching them how to express themselves with confidence（信心）is more important.
26. What does the writer mean to do in Paragraph 1?
A. Present an opinion on a subject.
B. Introduce a topic for discussion.
C. Provide a way to solve problems.
27. What is Kennedy in the second paragraph?
A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A parent.
28. In Manson’s opinion, ___________ .
A. students have the right to get school uniforms for free
B. students should be encouraged to earn school uniforms
C. students performing well needn’t wear school uniforms
29. According to Patrick, what is more important?
A. Managing schools by uniforms.
B. Improving students’ behaviors.
C. Helping students express themselves confidently.
30. We can learn from the text that ___________ .
A. Kennedy can’t stand school uniforms
B. Moorhead is against school uniform rules
C. the writer holds the same opinion as Patrick’s
【答案】26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B
【解析】
短文就学生是否应该穿校服这一话题展开讨论。Kennedy认为穿校服很重要，可以提醒学生努力学习，它也有助于防止学校欺凌事件的发生。Manson认为应该鼓励学生通过自己的表现来获得校服，如果学生表现不好，就不应该允许他们穿校服。Moorhead反对学校穿校服的规定。Patrick认为穿校服在学校管理方面起着非常重要的作用，然而教给学生如何自信地表达自己更重要。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的句子“Should students wear school uniforms? The Young World magazine held a discussion on this topic（话题）.”学生应该穿校服吗？The Young World杂志就这个话题进行了讨论。可知作者在第一段介绍了一个将要讨论的主题。故答案为B。
【27题详解】
细节判断题。根据第二段中的句子“The school uniform is very important, because it always reminds me that I am supposed to go out