2019年北京市中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

2019年北京市中考英语试卷（教师版）

知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
1．（.5分）Mr． Wang is coming to our school． I can't wait to see ．（　　）
A．her B．him C．it D．them
【微点】人称代词．
【思路】王先生要来我们学校．我等不及要见他．
【解析】根据I can't wait to see 可知用宾格作see的宾语，Mr． Wang 指男性单数，用him代替，句意：王先生要来我们学校．我等不及要见他．
故选：B．
【点拨】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答
2．（.5分）We planted some flowers the garden yesterday．（　　）
A．on B．to C．in D．of
【微点】方位介词．
【思路】昨天我们在花园里种了一些花．
【解析】on"在…之上、在…时候"；in"在…之内"；of"…的、由…组成的"；to"朝、到、对于"，四者都是介词．on用于具体的时间．由题干"昨天我们在花园里种了一些花．"可知，空格是"在…之内"，用in，因此答案应是in．
故选：C．
【点拨】本题考查时间介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答．
3．（.5分）﹣ Excuse me， is this T﹣shirt？
﹣ It's 88 yuan．（　　）
A．how much B．how many C．how long D．how old
【微点】数量（how many/how much）．
【思路】打扰一下，这件t恤多少钱？﹣ 88元．
【解析】考查数量．A．how much提问不可数名词，价格等；B．how many提问可数名词复数；C．how long多久，提问时间段；D．how old多大，提问年龄．根据 It's 88 yuan．可知问的是价格，应说这件t恤多少钱？
故选：A．
【点拨】仔细分析句子的结构，根据 It's 88 yuan．结合选项作答．
4．（.5分）﹣ Lily， _____ you finish the letter in ten minutes？
﹣ Yes， I can．（　　）
A．must B．should C．need D．can
【微点】情态动词．
【思路】﹣﹣莉莉，你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？
﹣﹣是的，我能．
【解析】根据回答Yes， I can可知疑问句以can开头，句意：莉莉，你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？
故选：D．
【点拨】情态动词的考查是初中英语考查的重点，平时学习中一定要熟记这些词的基本词义及用法上的不同，注意其用法及在句子中表达语气的不同．考试中结合语境选择合适答案．
5．（.5分）This cap is nice， it doesn't look good on me．（　　）
A．for B．so C．but D．or
【微点】连词辨析．
【思路】这个帽子很好看，但是我戴上不好看．
【解析】A表示为了，B表示所以，C表示但是，D表示或者、否则．根据题干可知这个帽子很好看，但是我戴上不好看，句子前后是转折关系．
故选：C．
【点拨】本题考查连词辨析，基础题，熟悉所给连词的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择．
6．（.5分）Julie takes good care of the family dog． She is than her brother．（　　）
A．patient B．more patient
C．most patient D．the most patient
【微点】形容词的比较级和最高级．
【思路】朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好．她比她的弟弟更有耐心．
【解析】根据句意：朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好．她比她的弟弟更有耐心．than是比较级的标志．选项B符合题意．
故选：B．
【点拨】熟悉形容词比较级和最高级的用法，结合题意，给出答案．
7．（.5分）Sam with his friends every weekend．（　　）
A．skates B．is skating
C．has skated D．was skating
【微点】实义动词的单数第三人称形式．
【思路】Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰．
【解析】根据句意：Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰．可知时态是一般现在时，主语Sam用动词三单式．
故选：A．
【点拨】熟悉实义动词三单式用法，结合题意，给出答案．
8．（.5分）﹣ Tom， what's your dad doing？
﹣ He my bike．（　　）
A．repairs B．will repair
C．has repaired D．is repairing
【微点】现在进行时．
【思路】﹣﹣汤姆，你爸爸在干什么？
﹣﹣他在修自行车．
【解析】根据问句what's your dad doing？可知答句用现在进行时，be（am，is，are）+现在分词，句意：他在修自行车．
故选：D．
【点拨】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答
9．（.5分）Our school life a lot since 2017． We have more activities now．（　　）
A．changes B．changed
C．will change D．has changed
【微点】现在完成时．
【思路】自2007年以来，我们的学校生活发生了很大变化．我们现在有更多的活动，
【解析】根据句意"自2007年以来，我们的学校生活发生了很大变化．我们现在有更多的活动 "和since 2017可知，要用现在完成时，其构成为have/ has done．
故选：D．
【点拨】考查现在完成时，要牢记现在完成时的构成及用法．
10．（.5分）If you want to visit the Palace Museum， I tickets for you tomorrow．（　　）
A．will book B．booked
C．have booked D．was booking
【微点】主从复合句．
【思路】如果你想去故宫博物院，我明天就给你订票．
【解析】根据句意"如果你想去故宫博物院，我明天就给你订票"和时间状语tomorrow可知，主句要用一般将来时，条件状语从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，选项BCD都不符合语法．
故选：A．
【点拨】考查主从复合句，要根据句意或提示词，判断时态，选用合适的引导词．
11．（.5分）My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday．（　　）
A．accepts B．accepted
C．was accepted D．is accepted
【微点】一般过去时的被动语态．
【思路】我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了．
【解析】主语my advice与动词accept是被动关系，根据last Monday用一般过去时的被动语态，was/were +过去分词，句意：我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了．
故选：C．
【点拨】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答
12．（.5分）﹣ Did you notice in her office？
﹣ Yes． She was going over our writing．（　　）
A．what was Miss Lin doing
B．what Miss Lin was doing
C．what does Miss Lin do
D．what Miss Lin does
【微点】宾语从句．
【思路】﹣﹣你注意到林小姐在办公室里干什么了吗？
﹣﹣是的．她正在看我们的作品．
【解析】考查宾语从句．宾语从句中，从句通常用陈述语序，排除AC．从She was going over our writing．判断句子使用过去进行时，构成were/was+Ving．
故选：B．
【点拨】此题考查宾语从句，在熟知宾语从句法的基础上，结合具体题目，仔细分析，便可得出正确答案．
二、完形填空（共8分，）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项．
13．（8分）
Run for Class President
Two months ago， when our class election（选举） started， I decided to run for class president． I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people， so I felt it easy to win． But I was （1）　B　that people would feel bad for me if I lost．
I was busy preparing in the following week． My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I couldn't （2）　C　 but to show my class why I wanted to be president． I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom． I also spent three hours writing my speech， saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem． Since I was （3）　A　prepared， I felt that my chances of winning were strong．
However， when I gave my speech on Election Day， the response （反应） wasn't what I had （4）　D　． Few people actually listened． When it was my opponent's （对手的）turn， everyone was screaming his name． His speech was short， but all to the point． By then， I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer．
It was obvious who would （5）　D　． For the rest of the day， I felt like it was over． I wanted to just go home and cry， but I made it through．
My（6）　B　 was right： I didn't win．
The next day， people were still talking about the election． I just pretended （假装） not to hear． But later， things got better． People（7）　A　about the election and talked to me just as they did before．
I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect． And moments of failure like this build （8）　C　 ﹣since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．

（1）A． bored
B． afraid
C． excited
D． hopeful
（2）A． compare
B． remember
C． manage
D． repeat
（3）A． fully
B． quickly
C． freshly
D． physically
（4）A． feared
B． faced
C． mentioned
D． pictured
（5）A． insist
B． return
C． wait
D． win
（6）A． suggestion
B． prediction
C． direction
D． introduction
（7）A． forgot
B． wrote
C． cared
D． discussed
（8）A． trust
B． pride
C． character
D． support

【微点】记叙文．
【思路】我信心满满的参与竞选班长，准备很长时间，准备的很充分．在竞选的那一天，同学们对我不是欢迎．结果我落选了．我从中受益良多．
【解析】（1）B考查形容词．bored无聊的；afraid害怕的；excited兴奋的；hopeful有希望的．根据下文"that people would feel bad for me if I lost"因此可知这句话的意思是"但是我又害怕如果我落选的话，人们会为我感到难过．"故选B．
（2）C考查动词．compare比较；remember记住；manage设法做到；repeat重复．根据"My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I couldn't （2）_____but to show my class why I wanted to be president．" 通过分析句子结构可知这句话的意思是"我的计划不是许诺我设法做到什么事情而只是向同学们表面我想当班长．"故选C．
（3）A考查副词．fully满满地；quickly快地；freshly新鲜地；physically身体上地．根据上文"I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom． I also spent three hours writing my speech， saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem．"因此可知这句话的意思是"既然我做了充分地准备，我觉得我获胜的机会更大了．"故选A．
（4）D考查动词．feared害怕；faced面对；mentioned提及；pictured想象．根据"I felt that my chances of winning were strong．"以及"the response （反应） wasn't "因此可知这句话的意思是"然而，在竞选的那天我演讲的时候，反应并不是我想象的那样．"故选D．
（5）D考查动词．insist坚持；return返回；wait等待；win获胜．根据下文" I wanted to just go home and cry"因此可知这句话的意思是"谁会获胜是很明显的．"故选D．
（6）B考查名词．suggestion建议；prediction预测；direction方向；introduction介绍．根据空格后面的词语是was right： I didn't win．因此可知这句话的意思是"我的预测是正确的：我没有获胜．"
（7）A考查动词．forgot忘记；wrote写；cared关心；discussed讨论．根据上文" But later， things got better．"以及"talked to me just as they did before"因此可知这句话的意思是"人们忘记了选举的时期，和我说话和以前一样了．"故选A．
（8）C考查名词．trust信任；pride自豪；character性格；support支持．根据"I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．"因此可知这句话的意思是"失败的时刻就像性格的养成一样，自从那以后，我就学会了如何面对失望和变得更强大．"故选C．
【点拨】首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，从中找出最符合短文的选项，就可以确定正确答案．
阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．（共26分）
14．（6分）
Experiencing China

Mike， Canada
I spent three months with my host family（接待家庭） in China． It was a lifetime experience． I was able to experience Chinese living and culture，from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera． I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital． Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture．

Joanna， Australia
I stayed with my host family for five months． My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm﹣hearted． With her help，my Chinese has improved a lot． And I have got used to a new culture． My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her．

Bill， America
My host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes． They are tasty and I like them very much． Just like me，my host parents love to learn about different cultures． They often ask me questions about life in America．

Cindy， Germany
Recently I took part in a program to study Chinese． I lived with a host family in China for six months． My host sister is a really hardworking student． It was amazing to see how she made progress in English． And a close relationship has developed between us．
（1）Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？　A　
A．Mike．
B．Joanna．
C．Bill．
D．Cindy．
（2）How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China？　C　
A． Three months．
B． Four months．
C． Five months．
D． Six months．
（3）Cindy thinks her host sister is　D　．
A． a wonderful cook
B． a responsible doctor
C． a warm﹣hearted teacher
D． a hardworking student
【微点】人物故事类阅读．
【思路】文章主要讲了3个外国学生在中国的学习经历．
【解析】1．A．细节理解题．根据I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital我甚至参观了一家著名的中医医院，结合表格内容，可知是Mike参观了一家著名的中医医院，故选A．
2．C．细节理解题．根据I stayed with my host family for five months我和我的寄宿家庭呆了五个月，可知是5个月，故选C．
3．D．细节理解题．根据My host sister is a really hardworking student，可知她认为寄宿家庭的姐姐是一个非常用功的学生，故选D．
【点拨】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．
15．（6分）
Blue Lightning

Sally loved cars more than anything else． This spring she thought of building a go﹣kart to enter for the Go﹣Go Race． So she asked her dad for help．
"Well，" he said． "How about this： you do some research first and then come back to me with a design．"
A week later， Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad． She named her go﹣kart "Blue Lightning"． Dad looked over her work， thinking． "Well， that's interesting，" he said． "Have a try． Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed．"
Over three weekends of hard work， Sally turned her design into a real， working go﹣kart and painted it light blue． Dad asked her to take it for a test drive． Sally agreed．
After she did that， Sally drove back to Dad． "Well，" she said． "Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive．"
"Oh， do you？" he said． "Please share．"
"When I drove fast， there was a lot of pushback，" she said． "I think it's because of the lightning bolt （闪电） shape．"
"Very good!" Dad said．
"So， why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place？" Sally asked．
Dad laughed． "Where's the fun in that？ If you give a man a fish， he'll eat for a day． But if you teach a man to fish， he'll eat for a lifetime．"
Sally said， "I see． Anyway， designing is half the fun !"
Dad smiled． "Good． Sometimes， learning happens during the process． We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way．"
That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder． When she showed Dad her new go﹣kart， he nodded with pride．
Finally came the race． Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win﹣in her mind， she had already won， by building something better than ever before．

（1）Sally thought of building a go﹣kart to　B　．
A． practice driving
B． enter for a race
C． play with friends
D． do some research
（2）What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go﹣kart？　A　
A． To have a test drive．
B． To take a good rest．
C． To give it a cool name．
D． To paint it light blue．
（3）Sally's story mainly tells us that　D　．
A． winning a race is important
B． fishing brings us a lot of fun
C． driving experience is necessary
D． learning happens during the process

【微点】人物故事类阅读．
【思路】这篇文章，通过Sally制作卡丁车的小故事，告诉我们凡事要去动手做，在做的过程中，我们一定会有所收获．
【解析】1．B 细节理解题． 线索句为：This spring she thought of building a go﹣kart to enter for the Go﹣Go Race．意为"今年春天她打算做一个卡丁车参加卡丁车赛．"结合句意可知，Sally做卡丁车的目的，就是为了参加比赛，故选：B．
2．A 细节理解题． 线索句为： Over three weekends of hard work， Sally turned her design into a real， working go﹣kart and painted it light blue． Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．意为"在三个多星期的艰苦工作之后，Sally把她的设计变成了一辆真正的、能够运转的卡丁车，并且把它涂成了浅蓝色．父亲叫她带它做第一次试驾．"，结合句意可知，在她做完了卡丁车之后，她的父亲叫她测试驾驶，故选：A．
3．D 主旨大意题． 线索句为：Good． Sometimes， learning happens during the process． 意为"很好，有时候，在作事的过程中，我们就会学到东西．"结合句意可知，学习发生在作事的过程之中，故选：D．
【点拨】面对此类试题，要擅长从文中找出解答的线索，同时，要掌握全文大意，结合文意进行作答．
16．（6分）Sometimes it seems that time is flying． Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way． Our experience of time can be possibly changed． By understanding the psychological （心理学的） processes behind our different experiences of time， we might be able to slow down time a little．
One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触） to new environments and experiences． The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process． The more information our minds take in， the slower time seems to pass．
It follows， then， that we have different experiences of time in different situations． In some situations， our life is full of new experiences． Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down． In other situations， we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar（熟悉的）． We become insensitive to our experience， which means we process less information， and time seems to speed up．
How can we slow down time？ Here are two suggestions．
Firstly， since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster， we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible． We can give ourselves new challenges， meet new people， and expose our minds to new information， hobbies and skills． This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加） our experience of time．
Secondly， and perhaps most effectively， we can give our whole attention to an experience﹣to what we are seeing， feeling， tasting， smelling or hearing． This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts． For example， on the way home， focus your attention outside of yourself， instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with． Look at the sky， or at the buildings you pass， traveling among them． This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time﹣expanding effect．
To a certain degree， we can understand and control our experience of time passing． It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time．

（1）According to the writer， we can expand our experience of time by　B　．
A． going to bed on time
B． traveling to new places
C． having dinner as usual
D． printing the same materials
（2）What can we learn from the passage？　C　
A． Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information．
B． Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly．
C． We can take in more information by living through our senses．
D． We should build a stronger relationship between time and us．
（3）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？　A　
A． Slow Down Time