初中时态归纳.doc

动词时态

初中时态用法汇总
一、构成
1、一般现在时：Do does am is are
2、一般过去时：Did was were
3、一般将来时：Will/shall do 、be going to do Will/shall be 、be going to be
4、现在进行时：Am/is /are doing
5、过去进行时：Was/were doing
6、现在完成时：Have/has done Have/has been
二、各种时态的基本用法
1、一般现在时：.经常性或习惯性的动作；表示现阶段的状态。
2、一般过去时：表示过去某一时间发生的动作 或存在的状态。
3、一般将来时：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作 或存在的状态。
4、现在进行时：表示现在（说话时）或现阶段正在进行的动作。
5、过去进行时：表示过去某个时刻 或某一阶段正在进行的动作。
6、现在完成时：1).表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2）表示过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
三、各种时态的特殊用法
1、一般现在时：
1).客观事实或真理。
　此用法出现在宾语从句中，主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等
3).在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来。
4）here和there开头的倒装句用一般现在时表示进行
例：Here comes the bus. There goes the bell!
5）按规定或时刻表将要发生的动作用一般现在时表示将来。如火车或飞机
2、一般过去时
表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动作。
3、一般将来时
1）、表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。
例：I’ll come and see you every Saturday next year.明年我将每个星期六来看你。
2）shall用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中。
3）be going to do sth A、表示主观上的计划、打算。
B、有某种迹象表明的（乌云—下雨）
4）will do sth A、 表示客观上将要发生的动作（太阳升起）
B、表示“意愿”
C、时间或条件状语从句中（主将从现，主将用will）
D、表示“请求”will you (please) do sth?
5) 现在进行时表示将来
A、趋向性动词：come go leave fly------
B、最近按照计划或安排将要进行的动作
6）be+to do sth表示将来 My dream is to be a scientist
7）按规定或时刻表将要发生的动作用一般现在时表示将来。如火车或飞机
8）在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来
4、现在进行时
1).表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但说话时不一定正在进行。
　例：Mr.Green is writing another novel.　（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）
2）现在进行时表示将来
A、趋向性动词：come go leave fly，start，arrive、------
B、最近按照计划或安排将要进行的动作
3）表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，常与always连用，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
例如：You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。
5、过去进行时
1).用于when，while 引导的时间状语从句中。
　例：I was doing my homework when someone knocked at the door.
　　 While he was waiting at the bus stop，the traffic accident happened.（While 后的分句必须用进行时）
　 While I was reading，my sister was sleeping.（表示对比，都用进行时）
2) 过去进行时往往是表示背景。
6、现在完成时
1).表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事。
　例：We have been to the Summer Palace twice.
2)常见延续性动词和非延续性动词之间的转换
leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, open---open,close---closed, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, wake up---be awak, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out， put on→ wear；catch a cold →have a cold等。
3）第二种用法：表示过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。在这种用法中谓语动词必须是延续性动词或者非延续性动词的否定形式。
4）It is +时间段+since 从句（从句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词的过去式）
四、时间状语
1、一般现在时：
1）常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。
2）every----
2、一般过去时
yesterday，the day before yestereay , last----, ------ago，the other day，in 1982等。
in the past, just now.
3、一般将来时
tomorrow，tomorrow morning，the day after tomorrow , next week（year，term…），in （two days…），soon，
4、现在进行时
常和now，these days, Look！Listen！can you see? can’t you see或其他铺垫句连用。
5、过去进行时
then, at that time, at this time yesterday, at ten yesterday,或者描述事情发生的背景
6、现在完成时
第一种用法常与already, yet, ever, never, just，before 等词连用。
第二种用法常与for＋一段时间；since+过去时间点或从句；in/during the last/past+时间段；so far，recently；等连用。
五、相似时态区别
1、一般过去时和过去进行时 2、一般过去时和现在完成时
初中英语语法练习动词时态专项训练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空：
1．He______swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)
2.It________you are right. ( seem )
3.Look, the children______ basketball on the playground. ( play )
4.He______to the radio when I came in, ( listen )
5.It is very cold .I think it______ . ( rain )
6. —I need some paper . —I______ some for you . ( bring )
7.I can’t find my pen . Who______it ? ( take )
8.He said that he______back in five minutes . ( come )
9.I didn’t meet him. He______ when I got there. ( leave )
10.I______my bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose )
11.He______down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )
12.He is very hungry. He_________ anything for three days. ( not eat )
13.I______with you if I have time . ( go )
14.We will go to the cinema if it______fine . (be )
15.I will tell her the news when she______to see me next week. (come)
16. “ When______you______the car ?” “ In 1998 . ”( buy )
17.We______good friends since we met at school . （be）
18.What______you______ at five yesterday afternoon ? (do)
19.The bike is nice . How much______it______? (cost)

二、选择最佳答案填空
（ ）1.We’ll go swimming if the weather______fine tomorrow.
A. is B.was C. will be D.is going to be
（ ）2.It______five years since he has left for Beijing.
A. was B. has been C.is D.is going to be
（ ）3.Please don’t leave the office until your friend______back.
A.came B.comes C.have come D.will come

（ ）4.By the end of last year he______about 1500 English words.
A. learns B.learned C.was learning D.had learned
（ ）5.Listen ! Someone______in the next room .
A.cried B.crying C.is crying D.has cried
（ ）6.You must tell him the news as soon as you______him.
A.see B.sees C.will see D.is seeing
（ ）7.He told me that he______to see us the next day.
A.comes B. came C. will come D. would come
（ ）8.We can’t find him anywhere . Perhaps he______home.
A. is going B. went C. has come D. would come
（ ）9.The teacher told us that the sun______bigger than the earth.
A. is B. was C. has been D.will be
（ ）10.Could you tell me where the railway station______?
A. was B. is C. will be D. would be
（ ）11.We______to the Great Wall several times.
A. go B. were going C. have gone D.have been
（ ）12.It seemed that the old man______for something over there.
A. looks B. looked C. was looking D. has looked
（ ）13.He was sure that he______his wallet in the office .
A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left
（ ）14.You must study hard if you______ want to fail the exam.
A. won’t B. don’t C. haven’t D. hadn’t
（ ）15. —I’m afraid you can’t sit here . —Sorry , I______know.
A. don’t B. won’t C. can’t D. didn’t
（ ）16. As she______the newspaper , Granny______asleep.
A. read , was falling B. fell
C. was reading , was falling D.read , fell
（ ）17. —Jim is not coming tonight .
—But he______ !
A. promises（许诺） B. promised C. will promise D. had promised
（ ）18. —What’s her name? —I______.
A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting

三、动词时态能力综合测试
（ ）1.He often______his clothes on Sundays.
A. washing B. washes C. has washed D. wash
（ ）2.I’m Chinese. Where______from?
A. do you come B. you are coming C. you come D. are you coming
（ ）3.May______to school.
A. never walks B. is never walking
C. walk never D. never is walking
（ ）4.We will start as soon as our teacher______ .
A. comes B. will come C. come D. is coming
（ ）5.How long ago______playing football?
A. have you stopped B. had you stopped
C. did you stop D. do you stop
（ ）6.It______ hard when I left my house .
A. is raining B. rains C. was raining D. will rain
（ ）7.I think this question______to answer.
A. easy B. is easy C. was easy D. will easy
（ ）8. Don’t talk so loudly . Your father______.
A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept D. had slept
（ ）9.How many people does the doctor know who______of the disease (疾病)？
A. are dying B. is dying C. has died D. dies
（ ）10.I______my homework now.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished
（ ）11.He______for three years.
A. has joined B. has been in the army
C. joined D. has served the army
（ ）12.His grandfather ______for thirty years.
A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died
（ ）13.I______ from my brother for a long time.
A. not have heard B. have not heard
C. have heard not D. do not hear
（ ）14.Maths, one of the most important subjects, ______always interested him.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
（ ）15.—Did your brother go to America last year? —______.
A. No , he did never go there B. No , he has never gone here
C. No , he never was there D. No , he’s never been there
（ ）16.He______ that factory since 1958.
A. has left B. has worked in C. has gone from D. has come to
（ ）17.Our teacher______to Beijing three times.
A. went B. had gone C. has gone D. has been
（ ）18.Last week John______his leg.
A. felt and broken B. fell and broke
C. feels and breaks D. fallen and broken
（ ）19.Jack______his thick coat because it was snowing.
A. puts on B. put on C. takes on D. took on
（ ）20.He______the picture on the wall.
A. hanged B. hung C. has hanged D. was hanged
（ ）21.Next month______twenty five.
A. has my sister B. my sister will be
C. my sister shall have D. my sister is going to be
（ ）22.You______her again in a few weeks.
A. will see B. have seen
C. had seen D. have been seen
（ ）23. By the end of last term we ______English for two years.
A. have studied B. have been studied
C. would studied D. had studied
（ ）24.Mrs Brown ______in New York for three years before she went to London.
A. lived B. had lived C. has lived D. will live
（ ）25.When we arrived , the dinner______.
A. already began B. has already begun
C. had already begun D. was just begun
（ ）26.I will go home for the holiday as soon as I______ my exams.
A. will finish B. finish C. finishing D. finished
（ ）27.When______, I’ll talk to him.
A. does Peter come B. Peter will come
C. Peter comes D. can Peter come
（ ）28.My sister______to see me . She’ll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
（ ）29.They said they______our answer the next day .
A. had heard B. would hear of C. would hear D. will hear
（ ）30.The old man said that light______faster than sound.
A. went B. will go C. travels D. will travel

答案：
一、1.　goes 2. seems 3. are playing 4. was listening 5. is raining 6. will bring 7. took 8. would come 9. has left 10.lost 11. sat 12. hasn't eaten 13. will go 14. is 15. comes 16. did buy 17. have been 18. were doing 19. does cost
二、1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A　　16.A　　17.　B　18.　A　
三、1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. C

动词时态练习
1.I will tell him as soon as he _____ back
A. come B. comes C. will come D. came
2. Mary _____ on shoes when she ____ them.
A. tries…buys B. tries… buies C. trys… buys D. trys… buies
3. The girl often ______ cold when she ______.
A. cathcs…dances B. catches… dances C. catchs…dancees D. catches… dancee
4. _____ he ____ himself there? No, I don't think so.
A. Do…enjoy B. Does… enjoies C. Does… enjoys D. Does…enjoy
5. _____ your teacher ____ from them very often? Certainly.
A. Do…hear B. Does…hear C. Do… receive D. receive
6. _____ your mother _____ some cleaning on Sundays?
A. Does…does B. Do…does C. Does…do D. Do… do
7. _____ Tom _____to work hard to help his family ? Yes, he _____.
A. Has… x…does B. Has…x…does
C. Does…has…has D. Does… have…does
8. Which teacher _____ lessons to you every day ?
A. does …gives B. does… give C. do… give D. gives
9. Smith does not go fishing on weekdays, ____? _____ , he does.
A. does he…No B. does he…Yes C. doesn't he…No D. doesn't he…Yes
10.Mr Black often _____ fishing on Sundays, _____ he ?
A. goes…doesn't B. goes…isn't C. doesn't go…does D. doesn't go…is
11.He usually _____ TV on Sunday evening.
A. watch B. watches C. watching D. is watching
12. We'll go to play with snow if it ______ tomorrow.
A. snow B. snows C. will snow D. snowed
13. Neither I nor he ______ French.
A. speak B. doesn't speak C. speaks D. doesn't speak
14. Nobody ______ how to run this machines.
A . know B. have known C. knows D. is knowing
15. The Young Pioneer _____ water for the old man every day.
A. carry B. bring C. takes D. carries
16. Some are ______ in the river and some are ______ games.
A. swimming… playing B. swimming…plaiing
C. swimming… I playing D. swimming…plaing
17. Look ! The boy students are _____ football while the girls are _____ .
A. playing… dance B. playing… dancing
C. play… dancing D. play… dance
18. He _____ to do his lessons at eight every evening.
A. is beginning B. is beginning C. begin D. begins
19. _____ he _____ on well with his friends this term ?
A. Does…gets B. Does…get C. Is…getting D. Is…geting
20. Mr Smith _____ short stories, but he ____ a TV play these days.
A. is writing…is writing B. is writing… writes
C. writes… is writing D. writes… writes
21. I _____ to the cinema. I ______ there every Sunday.
A. go…go B. am going… go C. go… am going D. am going…am going
22. Look, they______ a good time, ____ they ?
A. have…do B. have…don't C. are having…are D. are having… aren't
23. You ______ about the future now, ______ you ?
A. don't think…don't B. aren't thinking… aren't
C. don't think… do D. aren't thinking… are
24. She always ______ something whenever she ______.
A .studied…played B. studied…plaied C.. studied…plaied D. studied… played
25. He often _____ late in the forest. It _____ me very much.,
A. stayed…worried B. staied… worried C. stayed…worryed D. staied… worried
26. I ______that the boy _____ with no tears in his eyes.
A. noticed… cryed B. noticed… cried C. noticed…cried D. noticed… cryed
27. We _____the floor and _____ all the windows.
A. mopped… cleanned B. moped… cleaned