黄石市-中考英语-语法填空训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析.doc
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黄石市 中考英语 语法填空训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析 一、英语语法填空汇编 1.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention. First, came the invention of writing, ________(probable) .about 5, 500 years ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never________ (see) and share their knowledge with insure generations. Later, the Greeks were well-known for their literature (文学) and science, but their "books" looked very different ________the books of today. They were called scrolls (卷轴). They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages________ (invent). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in ________thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very ________(use) Chinese invention: paper. But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books ________were produced on a printing press. These days it is difficult ________(imagine) a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more________ (story) are bought as e-books and read on a screen. Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, ________will books, like scrolls, soon disappear? 【答案】 probably;saw;from;were invented;the;useful;that/which;to imagine;stories;or 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了书的历史。 (1)句意: 首先,书写的发明可能在大约5500年前。副词修饰动词came,probable是形容词,probably是副词,故填probably。 (2)句意: 他们可以与从未见过的人交流,并与保险公司的几代人分享他们的知识。根据 5, 500 years ago可知时态是一般过去时,see的过去式是saw , 故填saw。 (3)句意: 后来,希腊人因他们的文学和科学而闻名,但是他们的“书”看起来和今天的书大不相同。be different from,固定搭配,与……不同 , 故填from。 (4)句意: 大约2000年前,有很多页的书4被发明。根据2000年前是一般过去时,invent和pages是被动关系,主语是名词复数,故助动词是were , 故填 were invented。 (5)句意: 这种情况在13世纪发生了变化,当时欧洲人了解到一项非常有用的中国发明,纸。根据thirteenth是序数词,其前是定冠词the,故填the。 (6)句意:这种情况在13世纪发生了变化,当时欧洲人了解到一项非常有用的中国发明,纸。invention是名词,其前是形容词,use是动词,useful是形容词,故填 useful。 (7)句意: 更多的人买得起印刷机上生产的书。定语从句缺少主语,指代先行词books,故用关系代词that/which指代,故填 that/which。 (8)句意: 如今,没有书的世界很难想象。it's+形容词+to so,固定搭配,做某事很…… , 故填 to imagine。 (9)句意: 每年,都有更多的故事以电子书的形式被购买并在屏幕上阅读。此处缺少主语,根据are可知是名词复数,story是名词 , 故填 stories。 (10)句意: 将来会有人翻过传统书籍的书页吗?像卷轴一样的书会很快消失吗?连接疑问句表示并列关系用or , 故填or。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。 2.阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 In recent years, with the development of technology, many popular apps have been produced. These days, an app has ________(catch) great attention. It is Douyin, a video sharing app. Douyin ________ (one)appeared in 2016. Now it is many people's favorite app, ________(especial) the young. With Douyin, users can record videos, edit(编辑)them and share them online. It is very easy and interesting. We can record our videos with our friends with just a tap on the mobile phone ________ [skriːn]. What's more, it's a great way to spend our free time ________browsing (浏览)through those film videos. ________, every coin has two sides. The app also has bad things. Some people spend long hours on the app, which is ________ to their health. What's ________ (bad), users can also find some bad things on the app. Such thing is unsuitable and meaningless. In my opinion, Douyin should monitor videos before they are uploaded(上传), in________ [ˈɔːdə(r)] to keep a healthy environment for its users. Douyin is not good for ________[ˈtiːneɪdʒəz]. We should not use it too often. 【答案】 caught;first;especially;screen;in;However;harmful;worse;order;teenagers. 【解析】【分析】大意:近年来,随着技术的发展,已经产生了许多流行的应用程序,抖音就是其中之一。本文主要介绍了抖音的好处和坏处。 (1)句意:最近,一个应用程序引起了极大的关注。根据时间状语These days可知,动作过去发生持续到现在,本句的时态应为现在完成时:has/have+动词的过去分词。catch的过去分词为caught。故答案为:caught。 (2)句意:抖音于2016年首次亮相。根据appeared in 2016可知,抖音应该是于2016年首次亮相,因此用序数词。one的序数词是first。故答案为:first。 (3)句意:现在它是很多人最喜欢的应用程序,尤其是年轻人。根据Now it is many people's favorite app, 现在它是很多人最喜欢的应用程序。可知,应用副词especially“特别是”来陈述某一事实之后,列举一个具有代表性的例子,作进一步强调。故答案为:especially。 (4)句意:只需在手机屏幕上轻轻一点,我们就可以与朋友录制视频。根据音标 [skriːn] 提示可知,本空为名词screen。介词短语on the mobile phone screen,表“在手机屏幕上”。故答案为:screen。 (5)句意:更重要的是,这是一个花我们的空闲时间浏览那些电影视频很好的方式。根据固定搭配spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事,可知本空应填介词in。故答案为:in。 (6)句意:然而,事情都有两面性。根据下文The app also has bad things. 这个应用程序也有坏处,可知这一段提到了该应用程序的缺点,那么上文提到的是优点,因此用However来表示转折“然而”。故答案为:However。 (7)句意:有些人花很长时间在应用上,这对他们的健康有害。根据上文Some people spend long hours on the app, 有些人花很长时间在应用上,可知这对健康是有害的。根据固定搭配be harmful to“有害于”,可知本空应填形容词harmful。故答案为:harmful。 (8)句意:更糟糕的是,用户还可以在应用程序上发现一些不好的东西。根据下文Such thing is unsuitable and meaningless. 有些内容是不合适的和毫无意义的,可知本空应用what's worse 来表示后面的一个更严重/糟糕,因此用形容词bad的比较级worse。故答案为:worse。 (9)句意:在我看来,抖音应该在上传之前受到监控,以保持用户的健康环境。根据音标 [ˈɔːdə(r)] 提示可知,本空为名词order。固定搭配in order to,表“为了”。故答案为:order。 (10)句意:抖音对青少年不好。根据所给的音标 [ˈtiːneɪdʒəz] 提示可知,为可数名词复数teenagers,表“青少年”。故答案为:teenagers。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。 3.语法填空 From deserts and beaches to playgrounds, sand is a common sight. But you might not know that sand is also a useful resource. Sand is the second most-used resource in the world after water, the BBC reported. However, the UN said that sand is not limitless and that we might be running out of ________. Sand is made up of very small ________ (piece) of rock, soil and minerals(矿物质). It can take tens of thousands of years to form. But now we are using sand more________ (quick) than it is being formed. According to the BBC, we use about 15 billion tons of sand every year ________ build houses, roads and other things. People also put sand in the________ [si:] to make new islands. For example, the Palm islands are made up of three________ [lɑːdʒ] man-made islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. In 2010, they ________ (take) 94 million cubic meters of sand to build. If people keep________(use) this much sand, it will run out in many places. For example, Vietnam may run out of construction sand by 2020, Live Science noted. ________ [sins] people need so much sand, they are trying to mine(开采) more of it. But this is bad for the environment. Mining sand may ________ beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea. Also, this may affect the habitats (栖息地) of many plants and animals. 【答案】 it;pieces;quickly;to;sea;large;took;using;Since;cause 【解析】【分析】大意:本文主要介绍了沙子这种常见的景观。 (1)句意:然而,联合国说,沙子并不是无限的,我们有可能会用完它们。run out of“用完,用尽”的意思。这里用it来指代上文的沙子(sand是不可数名词)。故答案为:it。 (2)句意:沙子由非常小的岩石、土壤和矿物质组成。根据rock, soil and minerals(矿物质)可知,这是几种成分,因此piece用复数pieces。故答案为:pieces。 (3)句意:但现在我们使用沙子的速度比它形成的速度要快。根据副词修饰动词可知,此处应用形容词quick的副词形式quickly修饰动词use“使用”。故答案为:quickly。 (4)句意:据英国广播公司报道,我们每年用大约150亿吨沙子建造房屋、道路和其他东西。根据固定搭配 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某物,可知此处用动词不定式to do做目的状语。故答案为:to。 (5)句意:人们还把沙子放进海里,制造新的岛屿。由语境和音标[si:]提示可知,填:sea。故答案为:sea。 (6)句意:例如,棕榈岛由阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜的三个大型人工岛屿组成的。由语境和音标[lɑːdʒ]提示可知,填:large,three large man-made islands三个大型的人工岛屿。故答案为:large。 (7)句意:2010年,他们用9400万立方米的沙子建造。根据时间状语In 2010可知,本题的时态为一般过去时。动词take的过去式为took。故答案为:took。 (8)句意:如果人们继续使用这么多沙子,它会在很多地方用完。根据固定搭配keep doing sth. 继续做某事,可知此处应用动名词做宾语,动词use的动名词为using。故答案为:using。 (9)句意:由于人们需要这么多沙子,他们正试图开采更多的沙子。由语境和音标 [sins] 提示可知,填:since,表自……以来、因为、由于。句首单词首字母要大写。故答案为:Since。 (10)句意:开采沙可能会导致海滩消失,在靠近大海的地方会发生更多的洪水。根据beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea海滩消失,在靠近大海的地方会发生更多的洪水,可知这些是开采沙所导致的后果,因此填:cause。may是情态动词,后跟动词原形。故答案为:cause。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。 4.阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Dear readers, Once, I had to call the firefighters to put out a fire. I still remember how fast it made my heart beat, ________it was a small fire. I was glad and thankful when the firefighters put it out________(quick). Firefighters help in all kinds of sudden serious and________(danger) events or situations. I saw firefighters carrying people from their flooded homes while________(watch) the news today. Often, they are the first helpers when________accident happens. Some firefighters train to help people and pets that fall into frozen lakes. To prepare for real-life rescue like this one, they must practice putting________ice suits, working with ropes, and using hand signals to communicate. If you want to learn more about these________(/breıv/) men and women, read the article Danger! Rescue on Thin Ice. Where would we be without the first helpers? Maybe you'll ________(/dЗэıun/) me this month in finding a way to thank them. Giving a card, a drawing, or a plate of cookies to your local fire________(/'steıƒn/) could be the start of a new tradition for your families and our________(hero)will be thankful for it. Happy holidays! Your friend, Christine 【答案】 though/although;quickly;dangerous;watching;an;on;brave;join;station;heroes 【解析】【分析】(1)句意:我仍然记得它使我的心跳得有多快,尽管那是个小火。根据两句话的意思是转折,故填 though/although 。 (2)句意:当消防员迅速扑灭时,我很高兴也很感激。被填的的词修饰动词词组put out,应用副词, quick 的副词 quickly。故填 quickly。 (3)句意:消防员在各种突发的严重和危险事件或情况中提供帮助。名词 events or situations 事件或情况前用形容词, danger 的形容词 dangerous ,故填 dangerous 。 (4)句意:我今天看到消防员从被淹的房子里抬着人看新闻。固定搭配 while doing当做某事的时候, watch的现在分词 watching,故填 watching 。 (5)句意:当事故发生时,他们往往是第一批帮助者。可数名词单数前应用a/an, a用在辅音读音开头的的单词前,an用在元音读音开头的的单词前;故填an。 (6)句意:他们必须练习穿上冰衣。固定搭配,put on,穿上,故填on。 (7)句意:如果你想更多地了解这些勇敢的男人和女人,读这篇文章。根据音标 /breıv/可知是 brave勇敢的 ,故填 brave 。 (8)句意:也许这个月你会和我一起感谢他们。根据音标 /dЗэıun/ 可知应是 join,加入,故填 join 。 (9)句意:送一张卡片,一张画,或者一盘饼干到当地的消防站可能是你的家人新传统的开始。 根据音标/'steıƒn/,可知 是station,站,故填 station 。 (10)句意:我们的英雄会感激它的。根据上 文helpers 是复数,他们是英雄, hero的复数是heroes ,故填 heroes 。 【点评】本题考查单词在语境中的运用,需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。 5.阅读下面短文,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thing—sleeping. Every year, there is a day for people around the world to celebrate the ________ (important) of good and healthy sleep—World Sleep Day. Sleep is like food for the brain. Healthy sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop. People of different ages need different amounts of sleep. It is said that eight hours per night ________ (consider) the average amount of sleep. For students aged 10 to 17, a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night. However, last year, the China Youth and Children Research Center ________ (report) that about four ________ (five) of middle school students didn't get enough sleep. For some students, they want to sleep early, but they keep ________ (worry) about their schoolwork and can't fall ________ (sleep) quickly. A lack (缺乏) of sleep can greatly affect (影响) a person's life. Students who don't get enough sleep may get poor grades. They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. ________ (solve) this kind of problem, scientists advise that students should have ________ (little) schoolwork and more time to sleep. There are some other ways to help people get enough sleep, such as ________ (take) a 20-minute nap (午睡) during the day, trying to go to sleep earlier and so on . Good sleeping habits are also ________ (help). For example, try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and during the day. 【答案】 importance;is considered;reported;fifths;worrying/worried;asleep;To solve;less;taking;helpful 【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文是一篇与睡眠有关的短文,讲述了睡眠与健康的关系,不同年龄的人需要不同的睡眠时间,中国青少年学生的睡眠现状以及解决措施等。 (1)句意:每年,世界各地都有一个节日来庆祝良好健康睡眠的重要性——世界睡眠日。由前面的定冠词the,可知此处应填入一个名词,important是形容词“重要的”,与其对应的名词是importance“重要”,故答案填importance。 (2)句意:据说每晚8小时的睡眠时间被认为是平均睡眠时间。由题干可知主语eight hours与动词consider之间存在被动关系,所以应用被动语态,文章时态为一般现在时,时间作主语谓语动词用单数,所以be动词用is,consider的过去分词是considered,故答案填is considered。 (3)句意:然而,去年中国青少年研究中心报道。由last year可知,动词时态用一般过去时,report的过去式为reported,故答案填reported。 (4)句意:大约五分之四的中学生睡眠不足。这里考查分数的表达方法,在英语中一般用基数词表示分数的分子,用序数词表示分数的分母;当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式,所以五分之四的正确书写是four fifths,故答案填fifths。 (5)句意:对于一些学生来说,他们想早点睡觉,但是他们总是担心他们的学业。keep doing sth.或者keep+形容词,都表示“使…处于某种状态”,worried,是形容词,故答案填worrying/worried。 (6)句意:他们不能很快入睡。联系上文语境,结合提示词可知此处句意为“他们不能很快入睡。”“入睡”fall asleep,固定词组,前面有情态动词can't,所以这里用动词原形,故答案填asleep。 (7)句意:为了解决这类问题。这里应用动词不定式表示目的,故答案填To solve。 (8)句意:科学家建议学生应该少做功课,多睡觉。根据后面的more time to sleep可知此处应表达的是“作更少的功课”,句中暗含比较级,little的比较级为less,故答案填less。 (9)句意:比如白天小睡20分钟。such as意思是“比如”,as是介词后接动词ing形式,故答案填taking。 (10)句意:良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。前面有系动词are,后接形容词作表语,help“帮助”,动词,与其对应的形容词是helpful“有帮助的、有益的”,故答案填helpful。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。 6.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 How are American families different from Chinese ones? In some ways American families are very different from Chinese ones, and in other ways they are ________ same. For example, American families enjoy family dinners. They support and love each other just ________ Chinese families do. The ________(different) come from culture, however. Many Chinese students are surprised to learn that American teenagers are ________(allow) to make many decisions ________ their own, and the parents want their children to leave home at eighteen. In most American families, children are encouraged to make their own ________(choose) at a young age. They start with small choices and gradually larger ones until they graduate from high school. That is when they face ________(big) decision of their lives: what to do next. Parents and family will help with the choice, but the children themselves make the ________(finally) decision. Americans seldom move back into family homes ________ they get older. ________, they prefer to have their own lives for as long as possible. It is important to remember that these are cultural differences, and that Americans see this as part of the culture. 【答案】 the;as;differences;allowed;on;choices;the biggest;final;when;Instead 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国家庭和中国家庭的不同。 (1)句意: 在某些方面,美国家庭与中国家庭非常不同,而在其他方面,他们是一样的。be the same,固定搭配,相同,故填the。 (2)句意: 他们互相支持和爱,就像中国家庭一样。just as引导方式状语从句,像……一样,故填as。 (3)句意:然而又有文化的不同。the定冠词后是名词,根据谓语是动词原形come,可知主语是名词复数,different是形容词,difference是名词,故填differences。 (4)句意: 许多中国学生惊讶地发现,美国青少年允许自己做很多决定,父母希望他们的孩子在18岁离开家。be allowed to do,固定搭配,允许做某事,故填allowed。 (5)句意:许多中国学生惊讶地发现,美国青少年允许自己做很多决定,父母希望他们的孩子在18岁离开家。make decisions on sth,固定搭配,做关于……的决定,故填on。 (6)句意: 在大多数美国家庭中,孩子们被鼓励在年幼时做出自己的选择。their形容词性物主代词后是名词,此处表示泛指用名词复数,choose是动词,choice是名词,故填choices。 (7)句意:那是他们面临人生最大的决定:下一步该做什么。根据 of their lives 可知是最高级的比较范围,big是形容词,最高级前要有the定冠词,故填the biggest。 (8)句意: 父母和家人会帮助他们做出选择,但是孩子自己会做出最后的决定。 decision是名词其前是形容词,finally是副词,final是形容词,故填final。 (9)句意: 美国人很少在他们长大后搬回家里。根据 move back into family homes 和they get older 可知此处是时间状语从句,故表示当……的时候,故是连词when,故填when。 (10)句意: 相反他们更喜欢尽可能长久地拥有自己的生活。此处是副词位于句首, move back into family homes 搬回家和prefer to have their own lives 拥有自己的生活,表示相反的两种结果,故填Instead。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法 7.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 At about thirteen years old, I felt ver- 配套讲稿:
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