初中英语-八年级英语-语法填空训练知识归纳总结及答案.doc
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初中英语 八年级英语 语法填空训练知识归纳总结及答案 一、八年级英语语法填空题 1.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。(每空不多于3个单词) The Internet is very important in our life. But do you know about________ (it) history?The Internet can't work without computers. Enid invented(发明) the ________ (one) computer in 1946. But it was large and heavy. It was as large as________ room. In the 1960s, the ________(scientist) started to study the Internet. At that time, only the army(军队) could use it________(save), send and receive information .In the 1970s, the Internet came ________ offices, banks, hospitals and so on. Computers were still very expensive ________ the Internet was difficult to use. ________people couldn't use it at that time. In the 1990s, scientists made it into use and it soon ________(become) popular. Today it is easy to get online and millions of people use the Internet in China every day. Sending e-mails is more and more popular among people. The Internet is becoming one of the________ (important) parts of people's life. The Internet really makes our life happy, easy and colorful. 【答案】 its;first;a;scientists;to save;into;and;Most;became;most important 【解析】【分析】主要讲了因特网的历史。 (1)句意:但是你知道它的历史吗?history是名词,前面用形容词性物主代词修饰,it的形容词性物主代词是its,故填its。 (2)句意:Enid在1964年发明了第一个计算机。the+序数词,one的序数词是first,故填first。 (3)句意:它和一个房子那样大。room是单数,以辅音音素开头,所以用a,故填a。 (4)句意:科学家们开始研究因特网。根据句意可知是多个科学家,所以用复数scientists,故填scientists。 (5)句意:仅仅军队可以用它保存、发送和接受信息。use sth. to do sth.用......做某事,故填to save。 (6)句意:因特网进入办公室.银行和医院等等。come into进入,故填into。 (7)句意:计算机仍然是非常昂贵的,并且因特网是难用的。根据句意可知表示顺承,所以用and,故填and。 (8)句意:在那时大部分人不能用它。most people大部分人,故填Most。 (9)句意:它很快变得受欢迎。made是过去式,所以become也用过去式became,故填became。 (10)句意:因特网正在成为人们生活中最重要的部分。one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数,最……之一,important的最高级是the most important,故填most important。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,首先理解文章大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等,最后通读一遍检查验证。 2.语法填空 Chelsea Fearce is seventeen years old. There are five ________(person) in her family. They are poor and they live in a shelter(收容所). " ________(get) a shower, food and clean clothes was not easy for me," Fearce said. "I'm worried ________my family and my home life. I know I have to become much stronger, ________I study hard." When she was in high school, Fearce often ________(stay) up late. She wanted to live a ________(good) life than before. She just told ________(her) to keep working. Fearce overcame(克服) all the problems. She got high grades and she became ________college student. "Never give up! Do what you ________(true) have to do right now so that you can have a future that you really need ________(have)." Fearce told everyone. 【答案】 persons;Getting;about;so/and;stayed;better;herself;a;truly;to have 【解析】【分析】主要讲了家境贫穷的Chelsea Fearce是怎样成为一名大学生的。 (1)句意:在她家里有五口人。person是可数名词,five后面接可数名词复数,所以用persons,故填persons。 (2)句意:对于我来说洗澡、得到食物和干净的衣服是不简单的。句子缺少主语,get是实义动词,所以用动名词做主语,get的动名词是getting,故填Getting。 (3)句意:我担心我的家人和我家的生活。be worried about担心,故填about。 (4)句意:我知道我不得不变得更加强大,所以我努力学习。前后两句表示因果关系,前句是因,后句是果,所以用so,因此;或者前后表示并列,用并列连词and,故填so/and。 (5)句意:当Fearce上高中时,她经常熬夜。根据was可知时态是一般过去时,所以stay用stayed,故填stayed。 (6)句意:她想过一种比以前更好的生活。than是比较级标志词,good比较级是better,故填better。 (7)句意:她仅仅告诉自己一直工作。根据句意可知是她告诉自己,her的反身代词是herself,故填herself。 (8)句意:她取得了高分,并且成为一名大学生。student是可数名词单数,并且college以辅音音素开头,所以用a,故填a。 (9)句意:永不言弃,现在做你真地不得不做的事情。have是实义动词,副词修饰实义动词,true是形容词,副词是truly,故填truly。 (10)句意:目的是你有一个你真的需要有的未来。need to do sth.需要做什么,故填to have。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,首先理解文章大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等,最后通读一遍检查验证。 3.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 A lot of people wish to be slim(苗条), but at the same time they are________(worry) about their health. In fact, it is important for everyone________(lose) weight healthily. But how can you do it? Here is some good________. Drink plenty of water and eat a(n)________(health) diet. If you feel like eating snacks, drink a glass of water first. If you are still hungry after 15 minutes, then it is time________ a light snack. ________(try) to stay away from food with high calories(卡路里) , such as sweets and fast food. Do not eat more than you can consume(消耗) . People get fat ________ they can not consume all the calories that they get. So knowing how many calories you really need ________ very important. Take enough exercise. The "333" is good for you----exercise 3 times a week. For at least 30 minutes at________time, and pulse rate(脉搏率) should be more than 130m after exercising. Keep the three________(piece) of advice in mind and follow the advice. Then you will surely have a slim and strong body. 【答案】worried;to lose;advice;healthy;for;Try;because;is;a;pieces 【解析】【分析】主要讲了怎样健康减肥。 (1)句意:但是与此同时他们担心他们的健康。be worried about,担心,固定搭配,故填worried。 (2)句意:事实上,对于每个人来说健康地减肥是重要的。It +be+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.,故填to lose。 (3)句意:这是一些好的建议。some修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词,is表明后面名词是不可数名词,所以用advice,建议,故填advice。 (4)句意:喝足够的水,并且吃健康饮食。diet,可数名词,前面需要形容词修饰,health是名词,形容词是healthy,故填healthy。 (5)句意:然后到了吃零食的时间了。It's time for sth.到了做某事的时间了,故填for。 (6)句意:努力远离带有高卡路里的食物。根据句意可知是祈使句,以动词原形开头,所以用try,句首单词首字母大写,故填Try。 (7)句意:人们变胖是因为他们不能消耗他们得到的所有卡路里。前后两句表示因果关系,前句是结果,后句是原因,所以用because,故填because。 (8)句意:所以知道你真的需要多少卡路里是非常重要的。主语是knowing how many calories you really need,属于动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数,时态是一般现在时,be+形容词,所以be用is,故填is。 (9)句意:每次至少30分钟,运动后脉搏率应该是每分钟超过130。at a time,每次,故填a。 (10)句意:把这三条建议记在心里。piece是可数名词,three后面用可数名词复数,所以用pieces,故填pieces。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,首先理解文章大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等,最后通读一遍检查验证。 4.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式(最多限填三个单词)填空。 Tom was twelve years old. His________, Jenny, was two years younger________him. One day their mother wanted them________(clean) the house. Because they did very________(good), their mother________a delicious cake for them and said to Tom. “Tom, cut the cake________two pieces, and give one to your sister. Don't forget that you must do like a brother.” “Like a brother?” Tom asked. “________does a brother do it?” “He always________(give) the big piece to the other person,” answered________mother. “Oh, I see,” said Tom. He thought about it________a minute, then he took the cake to his sister and said to her, “Please cut the cake into two pieces, Jenny, and be a good sister.” 【答案】sister;than;to clean;well;bought;into;How;gives;his;for 【解析】【分析】本文叙述了汤姆和他的妹妹之间的小故事。 (1)句意:他的妹妹珍妮比他小两岁。Jenny是女孩,根据句意可知Jenny比Tom小两岁,所以Jenny是妹妹sister。younger是比较级,所以用比较级标志词than,比,故答案是sister,than。 (2)句意:有一天,他们的母亲要他们清扫房子。want to do sth. 想要做某事,固定搭配,故答案是to clean。 (3)句意:因为他们做的很好。副词修饰实义动词,do是实义动词,用副词修饰动词,good,形容词,其副词是well,故答案是well。 (4)句意:他们的妈妈给他们买了一块美味的蛋糕。根据全文可知时态是一般过去时,所以用buy的过去式bought,故答案是bought。 (5)句意:汤姆,把蛋糕切成两块,给妹妹一块。cut...into...把……切成……,故答案是into。 (6)句意:一个哥哥会怎样做呢?根据前文like a brother像哥哥一样,可知表示方式,所以用how,故答案是How。 (7)句意:他总是把大的那个给别的人。主语是he,第三人称单数,所以give用单三式gives,故答案是gives。 (8)句意:他妈妈回答。mother,名词,前面用形容词修物主代词修饰,这里指Tom的妈妈,所以用形容词修物主代词his他的,故答案是his。 (9)句意;他想了大约一分钟。for+时间段,故答案是for。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。 5.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的内容(1 个单词),或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have many good friends at school. I think Gina is my ________(good)friend. She is 1 years older ________me. We live in the same town and we are classmates now. Gina is taller and ________ outgoing than me. We are both interested in sports, but she always plays table tennis ________ (good), so she always wins. ________we have the same hobbies and interests, we also have some ________(difference). Gina always exercises and she ________(read)books every day. ________, she never eats junk food and stays up late. ________, I like eating junk food and never helps ________housework. 【答案】best;than;more;better;Although;differences;reads;Also;However;with 【解析】【分析】本篇短文介绍了我和好朋友Gina,并介绍了我们两个之间的一些不同点和相同之处。 (1)句意:我任务Gina 是我最好的朋友。根据第一句 I have many good friends at school.我有很多好朋友可知是多个范围的比较,应该用比较级,此处是修饰后面的名词friend,应该是形容词的最高级,good 的最高级是best。故答案为best。 (2)句意:她比我大一岁。根据空前面的1 years older 和后面的me可知此处缺少表示比较的than,故答案为than。 (3)句意:她比我高也比我外向。根据前面的taller and 和后面的than me 可知此处应该是并列的比较,outgoing 的比较级是前面加more。故答案为more。 (4)句意:我们都喜欢运动,但她的乒乓球打得(比我)好,她总是赢。根据前面的都喜欢运动和后面的她总是赢可知此处是和我作比较,所以应为比较级,又是修饰动词play,所以要用副词形式,good 的副词是well ,所以应是well 的比较级better,故答案为better。 (5)句意:虽然我们有相同的爱好和兴趣,但我们也有一些不同之处。根据上文的相同点和下文的不同之处可知此处应为转折词,although,尽管,虽然,表转折,由是句首,所以大写首字母,故答案为Although。 (6)句意:但是我们也有一些不同之处。difference名词不同点,不同之处,可数名词。some 修饰可数名词的复数形式,故答案为differences。 (7)句意:Gina 每天总是锻炼和读书。句子是一般现在时,主语又是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词应该用单三形式,read的第三人称单数是reads。故答案为reads . (8)句意:她也不吃垃圾食品和熬夜。这里都是描述Gina 的健康生活方式,应该和上文是并列关系,also ,也,表并列。句首字母应大写,故答案为Also。 (9)句意:然而,我喜欢吃垃圾食品也从来不帮忙做家务。根据句意我的不好的生活和上文应该是转折关系,however,然而,表转折,并需用逗号与上文隔开,句子开头首字母要大写,故答案为However。 (10)句意:我从来不帮忙做家务。help with sth.帮忙做某事,固定短语。故答案为with。 【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用。已给出的单词要在语境中对词性进行必要的变形。没有根据单词的,要根据句意,找到合适的单词,然后根据上下文确定句子的时态语态,主谓一致等,再把单词做必要的变化。还要考虑到固定短语的搭配和一些基本的句型。 6.补全下面两篇短文 A) Last year we were sometimes________When we passed the ball and we________to the other team in the________ match. What a ________ This year, we are training more, carefully. B) You can go by car and by ship________ the North Sea. This is the most________way to travel but also the most expensive. Book your ticket before you book your ________ Remember that________ Amsterdam is very expensive, so stay________the city centre and travel in by bus or by________ 【答案】careless;lost;final;pity;across;comfortable;hotel;parking;outside;train 【解析】【分析】第一篇短文讲述了我们的球队在比赛中失利了,要更努力的训练。第二篇短文介绍的是在旅行的时候需要注意的一些事情。 (1)句意:去年我们在传球的时候,有时候比较粗心,在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外一支球队的比赛。careless粗心的,是一个形容词,在句中作表语。根据句意可知,因为粗心才会输掉比赛,因此后面才会说we are training more,要更努力的训练。故填careless。 (2)句意:去年我们在传球的时候,有时候比较粗心,在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外一支球队的比赛。lost是lose的过去式,输,根据句意可知,因为粗心所以输掉了比赛,这句话中的时间状语是last year,是过去的事情,故填过去式lost。 (3)句意:去年我们在传球的时候,有时候比较粗心,在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外一支球队的比赛。final最后的,最终的,是形容词,final match是决赛的意思。故填final。 (4)句意:真遗憾。pity遗憾,是一个名词。What a pity是固定句型,表示对某事感到非常遗憾。故填pity。 (5)句意:你可以乘坐汽车去,然后乘坐轮船穿过北海。across穿过,是一个介词,指从物体的表面穿过,这句话的意思是坐船在海面上穿过,故填across。 (6)句意:这是旅行的最舒服的方式,但也是最贵的。comfortable舒服的,舒适的,是一个形容词,在句中作定语,修饰后面的名词way。the most comfortable是最高级形式。故填comfortable。 (7)句意:在你预定你的宾馆之前,你要先订票。hotel宾馆,是一个名词。根据文意可知,外出旅行的时候,你需要买票、、订宾馆,故应填hotel。 (8)句意:记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的。park停车,是一个动词,在这句话中是宾语从句中的主语,故用动名词形式,填parking。 (9)句意:记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的,所以停在市中心的外面,然后乘坐公交车或者火车去里面去旅行。outside在…外面,是一个介词。根据句意可知,在阿姆斯特丹停车很贵,所以这里是建议我们把车停在外围,故填outside。 (10)句意:记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的,所以停在市中心的外面,然后乘坐公交车或者火车去里面去旅行。train火车,是一种交通工具,这里by train是固定短语,乘坐火车。故填train。 【点评】此题考查短文填空。在做短文填空时,先跳过空格阅读短文了解其大意,然后根据句意和上下文联系,英语语法和固定搭配完成短文,。 7.语法填空 Students these days often have a lot of ________ (worry). Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork, and sometimes with their friends. What can they do about this? Some people believe the ________(bad) thing is to do nothing. Laura Mills,________ teenager from London, agrees. "Problems are normal in life," says Laura. "But I think talking to someone helps a lot. Unless we talk to someone, we'll certainly feel worse." Laura once lost her wallet and she ________ (be) afraid to tell her parents about it. She worried for days and didn't know ________ to solve the problem. She even walked three miles to school each day because she didn't have ________ (some) money. She just kept thinking, "________I tell my parents, they'll be angry!"________(final), she talked to her parents and they were really ________(understand). They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful. "I will always remember to share my problems in the future!" Laura says. Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes ________ (him). 【答案】 worries;worst;a;was;how;any;If;Finally;understanding;himself 【解析】【分析】主要讲了当我们遇到问题时应该学会和他人交流。 (1)句意:现在的学生经常有许多担心。a lot of修饰可数名词复数,worry的复数是worries,故填worries。 (2)句意:一些人认为最糟糕的事情是无所事事。the+最高级,bad的最高级是worst,故填worst。 (3)句意:Laura Mills——一个来自伦敦的青少年,同意。teenager是单数,以辅音音素开头,所以用a,故填a。 (4)句意:她害怕告诉她的父母关于它。时态是一般过去时,主语是she,所以用was,故填was。 (5)句意:她担心了几天,并且不知道怎样解决这个问题。根据句意可知是不知道怎样解决,所以用how,故填how。 (6)句意:因为她没有钱。句子是否定句,所以用any,故填any。 (7)句意:如果我告诉我的父母,他们将是生气的。根据句意可知前句表示假设,即如果,所以用if,故填If。 (8)句意:最后,她和她的父母交流。根据句意可知是最后finally,故填Finally。 (9)句意:他们真地是善解意义的。be+形容词,understand的形容词是understanding,故填understanding。 (10)句意:她爸爸说他有时自己也犯粗心的错误。根据句意可知是爸爸自己也犯错误,所以用him的反身代词himself,故填himself。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。 8.语法填空 Hi, Jane! I saw your name and address in Pen-friend magazine, and I would like________ (be) your pen-friend. First, I will tell you some things about________ (my). My name is Sidney. I'm fourteen years old. I'm about five________ (foot) tall. I have short black hair and brown eyes. My hobbies are playing computer games and playing chess. I live with my parents. They________ (come) to England from Hong Kong about 30 years ago. Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant in Newcastle. I was born in Newcastle in 1993. I can speak Chinese,________ I can't write it very well. I have a brother called Edwin. He is 23 and works________ an architect(建筑师)in London. I'm in Walker School. It is near my house, and so I can walk to school. I like my school because the teachers are ________(friend) to me. I like sports very much. I enjoy ________(play) badminton in winter, and tennis in summer. As for subjects, I like physics________(well) of all. I want to be________ engineer. I expect you will write to me soon, and tell me all about you. 【答案】 to be;myself;feet;came;but;as;friendly;playing;best;an 【解析】【分析】主要讲了Sidney写信给笔友Jane,告诉她自己的一些信息。 (1)句意:我想成为你的笔友。would like to do sth.想要做某事。故填to be。 (2)句意:首先我将告诉你关于我自己的一些事情。根据句意可知是Sidney讲了自己的事情,主语是I,其反身代词是myself,故填myself。 (3)句意:我大约5尺高。5后面用可数名词复数,foot的复数是feet,故填feet。 (4)句意:大约30年前他们从香港来的英国。30 years ago表明时态是一般过去时,所以用come的过去式came,故填came。 (5)句意:我会说英语但是我写得不好。根据句意可知前后句表示转折,所以用连词but,故填but。 (6)句意:他23岁,在伦敦是一名建筑师。work as作为,故填as。 (7)句意:因为老师们对我很友好。be friendly to对......友好,故填friendly。 (8)句意:我喜欢在冬天打羽毛球。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事,故填playing。 (9)句意:我最喜欢物理。根据all可知数量是三者或者三者以上,所以用最高级,所以用well的最高级best,故填best。 (10)句意:我想成为一名工程师。engineer是可数名词单数,以元音音素开头,所以用an,故填an。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,首先理解文章大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等,最后通读一遍检查验证。 9.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(最多三个字单词)。 One day, lily father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus(马戏团). Finally, there was only________family between the ticket office and us. There were eight children in the family. All of the children, ________(old)child is only 12. Their clothes were not expensive but clean. The children talked________ (happy). The ticket lady asked how many________(ticket)the father wanted, he proudly answered, "Please let me buy eight children's and two adults'. "The lady________(tell)him the price. There was no longer a smile on his face. He didn't have enough money. But________could he tell his kills the bad news? My dad took a $20 note from his pocket and dropped it________the ground. He said, "Excuse me, sir, this________(fall)out of your pocket. "The man picked tip the money, looked straight into my ________(father)eyes and repli- 配套讲稿:
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