2020-2021年八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结和题型总结(word).doc

2020-2021年八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结和题型总结（word）

一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填上适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Birthday is an important day in one's life, especially for children. For 365 days the child waits for that special day because he'll become one year ________（old）. Birthday is also the best time ________（have） a party with your friends and family members. To have ________different birthday party, you have to prepare lots of ________ （thing）. You should get everything ready. You may invite you friends________（come） to the party because you hope to celebrate the meaningful day with the ones you love. It's best ________（send） some beautiful birthday invitation cards to them. There________（be） many ways for you to have the invitation cards. You can buy some invitation cards in the shops or choose some e-cards on the Internet. ________ you have time, you can even make cards by ________（you）. They will show your effort （努力）to invite friends. I'm ________ （sure） people would be happy to receive（收到）those hand-make cards.
【答案】 order；to have；a；things；to come；to send；are；if；yourself；sure
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了生日聚会的信息，同时介绍了制作生日卡片邀请人们参加聚会。
（1）句意：365天，孩子们一直在等待这一天因为他将要大一岁。根据此处描述的是比以前大一岁，用比较级，填入older，故答案为older。
（2）句意：生日是和朋友和家人一起开聚会最好的时光。根据短语it is the best time to do sth，是做某事的最好时间，填入to have，故答案为to have。
（3）句意：为了有一个不一样的生日派对。根据短语，have a party，开聚会，可知填入a。
（4）句意：你需要准备很多东西。根据lots of后面加名词复数，填入things，故答案为things。
（5）句意你可以邀请你的朋友来参加聚会。根据短语，invite sb to do sth，邀请某人做某事，可知，空缺处填入to invite，故答案为to invite。
（6）句意：最好送一些美丽的生日邀请卡给他们。根据短语it is best to do sth，最好做某事，故填入to send，故答案为to send。
（7）句意：有很多种渠道方式可以使你买到邀请卡片。根据there be句型可知，空缺处填入are，由于ways为复数，故be动词用复数，故答案为are。
（8）句意：如果你有时间。根据句意可知，该句型构成条件从句，填入If，故答案为If。
（9）句意：你甚至可以自己做卡片。根据句子意思可知，空缺处为靠你自己，短语，by yourself，故答案为yourself。
（10）句意：我肯定人们会很高兴收到手工制作的卡片。根据句型I'm sure+句子，可知空缺处填入sure，故答案为sure。
【点评】本文考查了语法填空，做此类题，首先通读文章，了解文章大意，然后结合语法结构，填写出词汇的正确形式，即可。

2．根据短文内容及括号内所给单词的提示填空
    Mrs. Black has three daughters. Sue is the ________ （young） of the three. She is ________（outgoing） than her two sisters. She always tells some funny jokes ________ （make） people laugh. At school, her teacher thinks that Sue is the ________ （hard-working） student and that she does thing the ________ （carefully）.
    Sue has a dream she want ________ （be） a reporter. To achieve （实现） her dream, Sue makes a plan. First she decides ________ （join） the writing Club to practice writing. Second, she tries ________ （talk） with her penfriends in different languages. To meet more people and talk with them, Sue plans ________（work） in some public （公共的） places. I'm sure she will be one of the ________ （famous） reporters in the world. Good luck to her!

3．语法填空
    An artist painted many pictures of great beauty. But he found that he had not yet painted a "real" picture.
    He began his trip to look ________ the most beautiful thing in the world. ________the way, he met an aged priest（神父）who ________ （ask）him where he was going. "I don't know, "said the artist." I want  ________ （paint）the most beautiful thing in the world. Perhaps you can direct me to it. ""How easy, "replied the priest." In any church, you will find it 'Faith'（信仰, 信任）is the most beautiful thing in the world. "
    The artist traveled on.  ________ （late）, a young mother told him the most beautiful thing is "Love".
    "Love" ________ （make）the world go round. Without love there is no beauty.
    Still the artist continued his search. He asked a soldier the same question and his answer was "Peace". He said, "War is ugly and wherever you find peace, you will find beauty, faith and love."
    "How can I paint all of  ________ （they）—Faith, Love and Peace? "He thought and thought. He was surprised that without ________ （think）where he was going, he had got to his familiar place. In the ________ （face）of his wife and children, he saw Love and Faith. "We are thinking of you all the time. We prayed（祈祷）you would return to us safely, "said his wife. The artist sat on his favourite old chair and his heart was at peace.
    The artist painted the most beautiful thing in the world and ________ （call）it "Home".

4．语法填空
    Everyone, rich ________ poor, can have happiness. You don't need to think too much ________ those rich people. They may always feel ________ （lone）because their houses arc too big, and they may want ________ （walk）on country roads because they drive to work every day in the busy city.
    In fact, happiness is always around you. When you are unhappy, your ________ （friend）will come to help you and this will surely ________ （make）you happy.
    When you study hard at your lessons, you will get good grades ________ of course you will feel happy about it. If you don't feel ________ （good, your parents will take good care of you and you will be happy. When you are poor, you can also say you are happy ________ you may have something else that money can't buy. When you have problems, say ________ （loud）that you are happy because you have more chances to challenge yourself. Then you can succeed in what you do and this may bring you happiness.

5．【答案】was；started；left；met；myself；anyone；decided；takes；studies；get
【解析】【分析】本文介绍作者和朋友比尔的友谊。
⑴句意：他于2005年出生在纽约。根据in 2005可知用一般过去时，故答案为was。
⑵句意：7岁的时候，他开始上学。根据时间at the age of seven可知用一般过去时，故答案为started。
⑶句意：当他11岁的时候，他和父母离开纽约搬到了华盛顿特区。根据When he was eleven和and moved可知此处用一般过去时，故答案为left。
⑷句意：在他的新学校，他遇到了我，成为了我的同桌。根据下文的became和上文的动词moved等可知此处用一般过去时，故答案为met。
⑸句意：因为发生了一些糟糕的事情，那时我不开心。短语：enjoy oneself玩得开心，所以用反身代词，故答案为myself。
⑹句意：我不想跟任何人说话。anyone，任何人。故答案为anyone。
⑺句意：我决定跟他讲一些事。之后比尔成了我的好朋友。根据上下文可知此处用一般过去时，故答案为decided。
⑻句意：每天，他和我乘地铁上学。根据前一句的now和本句的every day可知此处用一般现在时，he是第三人称单数，故答案为takes。
⑼句意：像我一样，他努力学习，努力锻炼。根据exercises可知此处用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故答案为studies。
⑽句意：我们总是取得好成绩。always是一般现在时的标志，故答案为get。
【点评】本题考查在语境中根据语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑词性变化，固定搭配，动词的各种形式等语法知识。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。平时要夯实自身的基本功，加强词汇记忆以及学会灵活词性转换。

6．【答案】 written；since；them；in；friendly；songs；an；saw；photos；know
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一封书信，介绍自己在外国学习的情况，其中包括结交了一些不同国籍的朋友，寄宿家庭的情况。
（1）句意：我到现在才写。write，书写；因前面haven't，其后要用过去分词形式，故填written。
（2）句意：当我来到这里的时候一直忙于课程和交新朋友。根据上文的till now，可知已经来了很久了，因此一直在交朋友，根据have done，可知是过去完成时，因此连词用since，自从……，故填since。
（3）句意：我一直和同学们讲英语，晚上和他们一起出去。they，他们；因前面有介词with，要用宾格形式，故填them。
（4）句意：我们用英语谈论各种事情，我也学到了很多其他语言和国家的知识。固定短语in English，用英语，故填in。
（5）句意：父母很友善。friend，朋友；由kind可知此句需要形容词，表示有好的，故填friendly。
（6）句意：我现在对所有的歌曲都心中有数了！song，歌曲，可数名词。由句中的all可知此句要用复数形式，故填songs。
（7）句意：有一座古堡，我们下周要去那里。ancient，古老的，第一个音素是元音音素，故填an。
（8）句意：我们看到一个魔术师在玩纸牌游戏，真是太有趣了！see，动词，看到；根据语句it was so much fun!可知此句要用一般过去时，故填saw。
（9）句意：下次我会给你寄一些爱丁堡城堡的照片。photo，照片，可数名词；由some提示可知此句要用复数形式，故填photos。
（10）句意：保重，让我知道你在做什么。固定结构let sb do sth，让某人做某事；故填know。
【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。

7．【答案】 around；call；The；kilometers；our；bigger；but；on；or；life
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文介绍了太阳系的八颗行星和太阳。
（1）句意：他和其它七个行星绕着太阳转。go around，绕着……转，故答案为：around。
（2）句意：我们成这八颗行星和太阳为太阳系。这是客观事实，句子时态是一般现在时，句子主语是we，谓语动词用原形，故答案为：call。
（3）句意：第一颗行星，挨着太阳，是水星。序数词前使用定冠词the,表示顺序，故答案为：the。
（4）句意：他距离太阳5千八百万千米。kilometer，千米，可数名词，58 million 后跟可数名词复数，故答案为：kilometers。
（5）句意：金星是太阳的第二颗行星，我们的行星。planet行星，可数名词，前面缺少修饰词，we人称代词，our我们的，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故答案为：our。
​​​​​​​（6）句意：金星、土星、海王星和天王星都比地球大，根据比较词than可知此处用比较级结构，故答案为：bigger。
（7）句意：但是金星、火星和水星比地球小。前面介绍比地球大的行星，此处介绍比地球小的行星，可知两者之间是转折关系，关系词用but，故答案为：but。
​​​​​​​（8）句意：动物、树和人类只能居住在地球上——我们太阳系的其它行星没有空气和水。在地球上用介词on，故答案为：on。
（9）句意：动物、树和人类只能居住在地球上——我们太阳系的其它行星没有空气和水。在否定句中表示“和”，用连词 or，故答案为：or。
​​​​​​​（10）句意：在太阳系有其它的行星有生命吗？life，生命，不可数名词，故答案为：life。
【点评】此题考查语法填空。我们先阅读短文，了解短文大意。然后根据英语语法知识和上下文的联系确定句子中所缺的词，填上适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。

8．【答案】 childhood；smile；when；an；winner；first；was drawing；on；phone；toys
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者童年时和圣诞老人通电话的一个故事。
（1）句意：事实上，在我们的童年里，有一些记忆会和永远和我们在一起。根据下文 I was about four years old可知此处指小时候，即童年时候，childhood，童年，故填childhood。
（2）句意：一些在那个时候看起来如此可怕的东西可能会让我们在几年后微笑。make是使役动词，make sb do，是固定搭配，使某人做某事，故填动词原形，故填smile。
（3）句意：其中一个记忆就是我四岁时接到的一个电话。根据 I was about four years old可知此处是表示时间，故应是时间状语从句的引导词，when，当......的时候，故填when。
（4）句意：竞争对手会讲一个关于他们孩子的有趣故事，获胜的人将接到在皇家空军工作的圣诞老人的电话。根据story是单名词数，interesting是元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an表示泛指，一个，故填an。
（5）句意：竞争对手会讲一个关于他们孩子的有趣故事，获胜的人将接到在皇家空军工作的圣诞老人的电话。the是定冠词，其后应是名词，根据下文的 Mr. Santa Claus would give the winner's child some gifts 可知此处是获胜者，winner，故填winner。
（6）句意：电话来了，妈妈先和圣诞老人谈了一会，然后她把电话给了我。根据 and then 可知首先是妈妈接的电话，first，首先，故填first。
（7）句意：妈妈告诉圣诞老人我正在用蜡笔在墙上画画。根据 At that time 可知时态是过去进行时，主语是I，故填was drawing。
（8）句意：然后圣诞老人在电话里问我关于我的艺术作品的事情。on the phone，固定搭配，在电话里，故填on。
（9）句意：所以我扔下电话，哭着跑出房间。根据上文描述可知两个人在打电话，故扔掉的是电话，phone，故填phone。
（10）句意：不过，我确实从电台得到了两个软玩具。two后是名词复数，toy的复数是toys，故填toys。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．阅读理解
    Embroidery（刺绣） has a long history and can date back to the Warring States Period in China. Embroidery is very popular in many countries such as China, India and Japan. Embroidery is the handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with needles and thread or yarn. Embroidery may also use other materials such as metal Strips, pearls, beads, quills and sequins. Embroidery is most often used on caps, hats, coats, blankets, dress shirts, denim, stockings and golf shirts. Embroidery is available with a wide variety of thread or yarn colours.
    Embroidery has many unique characteristics （特点 ）. One of the interesting characteristics of embroidery is the basic techniques or stitches （针法）, such as the chain stitch, the buttonhole or the blanket stitch, the running stitch, the satin stitch and the cross stitch. They are still the fundamental techniques of hand embroidery today.
    Embroidery can be classified according to whether the design is stitched on top of or through the foundation fabric; and by the relationship of stitch placement to the fabric. Different embroideries have their own advantages and disadvantages. In' modern society, we can produce many different embroideries. Machine embroidery is one of them: It appears in the early stages of the Industrial Revolution.
（1）From the passage, we can know embroidery can date back to
A. the Warring States Period                                B. the Spring and Autumn Period
C. the modern times                                             D. the Ming Dynasty
（2）Which of the following materials cannot be used in embroidery according to the passage?
A. Metal strips.                             B. Pearls.                             C. Quills.                             D. Wood.
（3）From the passage, how many things can embroidery be used on?
A. Seven.                                   B. Six.                                   C. Five.                                   D. Eight.
（4）Which of the following characteristics belongs to embroidery?
A. The flying stitch.           B. The satin stitch.           C. The flat stitch.           D. The button stitch.
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了刺绣的起源，构造以及特点和用途。
（1）细节题。根据第一段提到的   Embroidery has a long history and can date back to the Warring States Period in China. 可知刺绣来自the Warring States Period，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据第一段提到的 Embroidery may also use other materials such as metal Strips, pearls, beads, quills and sequins.  可知材料不包括wood，木料，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据第一段提到的 Embroidery is most often used on caps, hats, coats, blankets, dress shirts, denim, stockings and golf shirts.  可知一共有8个，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据第二段提到的 One of the interesting characteristics of embroidery is the basic techniques or stitches （针法）, such as the chain stitch, the buttonhole or the blanket stitch, the running stitch, the satin stitch and the cross stitch. 可知the satin stitch是它的特点，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    On February 3rd, 1949, New York Harbor （港） was an exciting place. Many people were there to greet a ship from France. On the ship were 49 French railroad boxcars （火车车厢） filled with gifts from the people of France to the people of America. These boxcars were from the famous Merci Train （Merci: a French word meaning "thank you"）.
    After World War Ⅱ, a lot of factories, roads and farms in France had been destroyed. Many French people had no jobs or money and had little to wear and little to eat. In the winter of 1947, a train was sent across the United States, stopping in cities and towns along the way. At every stop, people gave whatever they could. Factories gave clothing and medicine. Farmers gave food. Families gave money. Even school children gave away their pocket money. All the things were then taken to France by ship.
    By 1949, the French had begun to recover （恢复） from the war. The Merci Train was their way of saying "thank you" to America. French people had filled the boxcars with gifts. Most of them were personal, like hand-made toys, children's drawings, or postcards. But the boxcars themselves were perhaps the most meaningful of the gifts. On each car, the French people had painted the pictures of all their 40 provinces, with an American eagle on the front. The boxcars were taken to each state of America, where they were warmly greeted.
    Now many of the states still keep their boxcars. Gifts sent by the French people can still be seen in some museums. The Merci Train came out of the war, but it now reminds the world that countries can also work together in peace.
（1）Many people crowded at New York Harbor on February 3rd, 1949 to ________.
A. welcome the Merci Train                                 B. meet their families
C. have a big party                                               D. start a trip by ship
（2）In 1947, a train stopped in cities across America in order to ________.
A. give away clothing and food                          B. get more soldiers for the war
C. collect things to help French people              D. show exhibitions from the museums
（3）The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 refers to （指） ________.
A. the American people             B. the French people             C. the boxcars             D. the gifts
（4）The passage is mainly about ________.
A. the story of the Merci Train                    B. the history of World War Ⅱ
C. gifts that American people liked           D. American museums where the boxcars were kept
【答案】 （1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了来自法国的Merci Train的故事。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Many people were there to greet a ship from France. 很多人在那里欢迎一艘来自法国的船，可知这一天人们聚集在纽约港是为了欢迎Merci Train。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 All the things were then taken to France by ship. 所有的东西通过船被带到法国，可知火车在美国的每个城市停留是为了收集物资帮助法国人民。故选C。
（3）代词辨析题。根据上文 French people had filled the boxcars with gifts. 法国人用礼物填满了火车车厢，可知划线代词them指代的是上文的gifts“礼物”。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了来自法国的Merci Train的故事。故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、代词辨析题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；代词辨析题需要联系上下文，推断出代词指代的内容；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．根据短文内容，判断句子的正误。
    A dentist （牙医） was starting his in work i