八年级英语上册阅读理解培优题经典.doc

八年级英语上册阅读理解培优题经典

一、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读理解
    China's first artificial intelligence （AI） textbook series designed for primary and secondary school students is expected to be introduced into hundreds of campuses across the country in 2019. The textbooks will be used for elective courses or as part of school﹣based curriculums.
    Significant progress is being reported in China in AI technological research and development, with authorities now moving to promote AI﹣related education.
    According to the publisher, East China Normal University Press, the series will have 10 volumes, with six volumes published so far. Each has its own theme, with 12 to 14 main chapters and 2 to 4 chapters of activities. This series covers the educational demands of students from primary school to high school on AI and provides a systematic framework of AI knowledge.
    The books have been used in three schools in Shanghai as a pilot program and well received by students, according to Wang Jiqing, chief editor of the series.
（1）China's first AI textbook series will be introduced into       campuses.
A. thousands of          B. hundreds of          C. millions of          D. hundreds and thousands of
（2）The publisher has published       of the series so far.
A. 4 volumns                      B. 6 volumns                      C. 10 volumns                      D. 12 volumns
（3）From the last paragraph, we can know that       .
A. three schools in Beijing have used the AI textbooks
B. the students like the AI textbooks very much
C. the series provides a systematic framework of AI knowledge
D. the series will be introduced into campuses in 2019
（4）The best title for the passage is       .
A. China's First AI Textbooks                                B. Great Progress in AI Technology
C. Themes of AI Textbooks                                   D. Popularity of AI Textbooks
【答案】 （1）B
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了中国首批为小学生和中学生设计的人工智能教科书系列，在2019年被期待进入成百上千的校园。
（1）细节题。根据原文China's first artificial intelligence （AI） textbook series designed for primary and secondary school students is expected to be introduced into hundreds of campuses across the country in 2019中国首批为小学生和中学生设计的人工智能教科书系列，在2019年被期待进入成百上千的校园，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据the series will have 10 volumes， with six volumes published so far，这个系列的书本将有10册，到目前为止已经有了6册，故选B。
（3）推断题。根据原文The books have been used in three schools in Shanghai as a pilot program and well received by students书本已经在上海的三所学校作为试点项目运用了，且很好地被学生接受了，故选B。
（4）主旨题。根据原文China's first artificial intelligence （AI） textbook series designed for primary and secondary school students is expected to be introduced into hundreds of campuses across the country in 2019中国首批为小学生和中学生设计的人工智能教科书系列，在2019年被期待进入成百上千的校园，可知文章主要讲的是中国首批人工智能系列书籍，故选A。
【点评】考查完形填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

2．阅读理解
    Up to two thirds of children don't get as much sleep as they should do, and this can make them nervous and slow at school, researchers say.
    So how long should young people sleep each night? The answer is between 8 and 10 hours. If you don't get enough sleep at night, you'll have less energy the next day.
    But the researchers say many children have missed out on 4,500 hours of sleep by the time they are seven years old. They say that children miss sleep because they have TVs and computers in their rooms, and busy parents don't read to their younger children at night any more. The traditional “bedtime story” helps children to relax and fall asleep peacefully. Children with TVs and computers in their bedrooms were more likely to sleep badly, and to get less than eight hours' sleep. Even losing one hour's sleep a night can mean that children do less well at school.
    German scientists think that your brain keeps working while you're asleep. To show that they were right, they gave two groups of people a problem to work out. One group went to sleep, and the other group stayed awake. The result? The people who slept worked out the answer more quickly, suggesting their brains had been trying to find the answer while the people were asleep. So, make sure you get enough sleep tonight, and you'll be at your best tomorrow!
（1）What happens to children at school if they don't get enough sleep?
A. They walk more slowly.                                    B. They can relax.
C. They watch more TV.                                        D. They do less well at school.
（2）The main idea of the second paragraph is     .
A. how much sleep we need                                B. children don't get enough sleep
C. our brains never really go to sleep                 D. TVs and computers are the problem
（3）How does a bedtime story help children get a good sleep?
A. It helps children to relax and fall asleep peacefully.     B. Children lose more sleep.
C. Children have more energy.                                            D. Children get to sleep later.
（4）Why is it better to sleep in a room without a TV or computer?
A. You can read stories before you go to sleep.     B. You sleep better and get more sleep.
C. You have less energy.                                           D. Your brain works better.
（5）What did the German scientists' experiment show?
A. Sleep helps children learn to read.               B. Losing sleep means children don't learn well.
C. Your brain works while you are asleep.        D. Parents should read bedtime stories.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文论述足够的睡眠在儿童的成长和有效学习中的重要作用。
（1）细节理解。由文中第三段最后一句话“Even losing one hour's sleep a night can mean that children do less well at school.”可知睡眠不足导致儿童在学校表现不好，故答案为D。
（2）细节理解。作者在第二段首先提出的问题是“年轻人每天晚上需要多长时间的睡眠”,答案是“8到10个小时”。故答案为A。
（3）细节理解。根据第三段的“The traditional 'bedtime story' helps children to relax and fall asleep peacefully.”可知睡前故事能让儿童放松，很平静的入睡，故答案为A。
（4）推理判断。根据第三段的“Children with TVs and computers in their bedrooms were more likely to sleep badly, and to get less than eight hours' sleep.”可知,如果卧室里有电视和电脑,孩子们的睡眠质量就会变差,并且睡眠少于八小时。由此可以推断,如果房间里没有电视和电脑,孩子们会睡得更好,睡眠的时间更长。故答案为B。
（5）推理判断。将题干中的the German scientists' experiment定位在最后一段，根据suggesting their brains had been trying to find the answer while the people were asleep可知大脑在睡眠时运转的更好，故答案为C。
【点评】本文属于议论文，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。

3．阅读理解

    Many teenagers want to look cool. But not everyone can afford to have a lot of cool clothes. Chloe Murray, an eighth- grader at Jefferson Middle School in the US, had an idea to solve this problem. She opened a charitable（慈善的） clothes closet.
    Her school agreed with the good idea, too. The school let her use a room for the project. Chloe's classmates joined her as well.
    Last month, the charitable clothes closet, called Chloe's Closet, opened. It's full of trendy clothes for girls and boys to help students look their best.
    "Confidence（自信） is a big thing in middle school, especially when it comes to clothing," Chloe told the Chicago Tribune, a daily newspaper in Chicago, the US.
    But where are the clothes from? Many people from the school's community（社区） and neighboring schools gave away used clothes, and the clothes are still new. The clothes closet is only open after school from
Monday to Friday. Students can "buy" these clothes by getting "money". They can get "money" when they hand in their schoolwork on time or make corrections（改正） on homework. Since it opened, they have "sold" about 100 things to students.
（1）Who is Chloe Murray?
A. A clothes designer.        B. A school student.        C. A fashion model.        D. A clothes seller.
（2）Why did Chloe Murray open a charitable clothes closet?
A. To help the students look cool.                       B. To get old clothes back.
C. To make much money.                                     D. To help the poor students.
（3）What are there in Chloe's Closet?
A. Old but expensive clothes.                              B. Trendy and expensive clothes.
C. Used but new clothes.                                      D. Old and cheap clothes.
（4）When is Chloe's Closet open?
A. On weekends.                                                   B. After school every day.
C. Before class on school days.                            D. After school on school days.
（5）What's the best title for the passage?
A. How to open a clothes closet                          B. A charitable clothes closet
C. What's Chloe's clothes closet?                         D. Sell and buy different clothes
【答案】 （1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）B
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述克洛伊创办慈善衣橱帮助许多想酷的学生实现了这个愿望。
（1）细节题。根据Chloe Murray, an eighth- grader at Jefferson Middle School in the US, 可知，克洛伊是一位中学生，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据Many teenagers want to look cool.had an idea to solve this problem.可知，克洛伊创办慈善衣橱是为了帮助学生看起来酷，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据Many people from the school's community（社区） and neighboring schools gave away used clothes, and the clothes are still new.可知，克洛伊的衣橱有有过的但是还是新的衣服，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据The clothes closet is only open after school from Monday to Friday.可知，慈善衣橱正在放学后开放，故选D。
（5）主旨题。本文主要讲述克洛伊的慈善衣橱，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解

   The Chinese swimmer Fu Yuanhui, known in the country for the "walking expression package", appeared at CCTV's annual Spring Festival Gala, the
   Most watched television program in China.
   Fu Yuanhui is a China's swimmer. She came third in Women's 100-meter backstroke（仰泳） finals at Rio Olympics in 2016. People became crazy about the 1996-borm girl, not because of her performance or her achievement, but because of her cheerful answers.
   Finishing the 100- meter backstroke with 58. 95 seconds, Fu thought it was 59 seconds, and she was quite surprised with the result. This was the first moment when she impressed Chinese audience（观众） with her surprising look and body language in front of the camera. The second time was her honest and direct answer to the question: "We know that your body condition was not that good in the past year and it's not easy to have such a result. Do you think you are now as good as before?" "It is my best score ever. I have worked for three months on the recovery（康复）. Only the ghost knows, what I have come through," said Fu. "It was so painstaking that sometimes I felt like I was going to die."
   In the interview, Fu used a phrase "Hong Huang Zhi Li" to describe the great efforts she had made. The word soon became a popular word on the Internet.
（1）People were crazy about the girl because of      .
A. her performance                                              B. her achievement
C. her appearance at gala                                    D. her cheerful answers
（2）Fu Yuanhui felt       first when she knew the result.
A. surprised                            B. excited                            C. interested                            D. happy
（3）The underlined word "painstaking" means "      "in Chinese.
A. 有趣的                                B. 艰辛的                                C. 愉快的                                D. 兴奋的
（4）We can find the passage I       .
A. from a magazine           B. I from a storybook           C. from sports news           D. in a novel
【答案】 （1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了中国游泳运动员傅元慧在全国著名的“步行表情包”中亮相，在中央电视台的春节联欢晚会上亮相。
（1）细节题。根据People became crazy about the 1996-borm girl, not because of her performance or her achievement, but because of her cheerful answers.可知人们之所以对这位1996年出生的博姆女孩着迷，并不是因为她的表现或成就，而是因为她的回答令人愉快，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据and she was quite surprised with the result.可知她对结果感到惊讶，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据I felt like I was going to die.可知傅园慧感觉像将要死去，所以painstaking意思是艰辛的，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了傅园慧，所以可能来自体育新闻，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

5．阅读理解
    When a computer runs a group of programs, it can get very Cooling the computer can cost a lot. So some scientist's wonder what will happen if the heat from the computer can be used.
    Large Internet companies （公司） such as Google and Microsoft have thousands of computers. As these computers deal with information, they produce lots of heat, so they need huge cooling systems（系统）. These systems send the heat into the air.
    A company in Holland （荷兰） thinks paying to make the computers work and then paying again to cool them are a waste of energy. So the company developed a special device—the e-radiator.
    Boaz Loupe, the head of the company, says the e-radiator works as a heating system and saves money. He explains that the energy is used twice—once to heat the home and once to cool the computer. So the users don't have to pay to cool their computers.
    Five homeowners in Holland are testing the heating system in their homes.
    "We pay for the computer using, so, in that way, homeowners get heating for free," Boaz says.
    Jan Visor is one of the homeowners. "If you use the computer more the e-radiator produces more heat," he says. "It cannot provide enough heat if you don't use your computer often. "But he is ready to try it. It's a great help for his family.
    The company says e-radiators can produce heat at a temperature of 55℃. It says the system can save its users about S 440 a year.
（1）Before the e-radiator appears, usually the heat of a computer _______.
A. is sent into the air                                            B. helps the five homeowners
C. is used twice                                                     D. makes the computer work better
（2）The e-radiator is mainly used _______.
A. to drive the computer
B. to help Microsoft
C. to heat the computer
D. to provide heat
（3）The Chinese meaning of the underlined word "device" in this passage is probably "       ".
A. 节能                                     B. 实验                                     C. 仪器                                     D. 开关
（4）The best title for the passage may be "_______".
A. An environment problem
B. A new way to heat homes
C. The computers in the future
D. The energy to be wasted
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了荷兰的一家公司发明了电子散热器，热量既可以加热房屋也可以冷却电脑。
（1）细节题。根据These systems send the heat into the air.可知是热量送到了空中，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据the e-radiator works as a heating system and saves money.可知电子散热器作为加热系统节约钱，故选D。
（3）推断题。根据the e-radiator works as a heating system，可知电子散热器是一种系统，即仪器，故选C。
（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了荷兰的一家公司发明了电子散热器，热量既可以加热房屋也可以冷却电脑。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解
    Nowadays children are spending too much time and money on computer games. As a result, some people even suggest that video games should be done away with. They are nothing but a great waste of time, money and e