2023中考英语阅读理解题集锦.doc

中考英语阅读理解汇编练习试卷
一、中考英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
EXCITING NEW COMPETITION!
    Give your workplace a spring facelift!

    Living magazine is offering three prizes of between ￡10, 000 and ￡50, 00o to be spent on improving the school, college or office where you spend so many hours each day! If you win, the money will be yours to spend as you wish to make life more pleasant.
Just think! You could spend it on any of the following:
    ◇improving the look of the place （new wallpaper, tables or pictures）.
    ◇better study places （a computer room, a language laboratory or a small library）.
    ◇improving the outside area（making a garden or a car park for example）.
    ◇better sports places （a small gym or a swimming pool）.
To enter, all you have to do is to design:
    ◇five ways you plan to spend the money if you win.
    ◇what you want to include（for example, sofas in your new computer room）.
    ◇why these changes will make your workplace a better place to be!
Email us your design at livingmagazine@ before June 16th.
If you want to get more information, please contact us:
Tel[phone]    Fax[phone]
Don't miss this great chance to improve your workplace!
（1）The text tells us that the new competition ________.
A. can help you get good grades
B. is organized by Living magazine
C. allows only students to enter
D. provides more than three prizes
（2）Those who want to enter the competition are supposed to ________.
A. describe how to spend the prize
B. mention the money they have
C. hand in their designs after June 16th.
D. visit Living magazine in person
（3）What kind of writing is the text?
A. An email.                            B. A diary.                            C. A note.                            D. A poster.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍激动人心的新比赛！让你的工作场所焕然一新！由《生活》杂志提供了3个奖品，价值1万至5万英镑，用于改善学校、学院或办公室，每天花在那里的时间很多！如果你赢了，钱将是你的，你想花多少就花多少，让生活更愉快和6月16日前，请将您的设计发送至livingmagazine@。如果您想了解更多信息，请联系我们：电话[phone]；传真[phone]。
（1）逻辑推理题。根据 Living magazine is offering three prizes of between ￡10, 000 and ￡50, 00o to be spent on improving the school, college or office where you spend so many hours each day!《生活》杂志提供了3个奖品，价值1万至5万英镑，用于改善学校、学院或办公室，每天花在那里的时间很多！可以推知此项比赛是由生活杂志社组织的，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Email us your design at livingmagazine@ before June 16th.
6月16日前，请将您的设计发送至livingmagazine@可知参加比赛的人必须6月16日前，请将本人的设计发送至livingmagazine@，可知想要参赛必须在规定时间之内上交作品，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章内容，可知主要介绍比赛的组织者、奖项的数量和用处及参赛者的要求，可以推知这是一则海报，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
2．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。
Dear Dr. Green,
    My relationship with my mother is worse and worse now. It seems she's never tired of talking. She talks here and there, day and night. More seriously, I feel like we don't have much in common. She doesn't always understand what I'm trying to say. What should I do?
Yours,
Jim

Dear Jim,
    I know how you feel. It's not easy being your age. And it's not easy being a mother, either.
    It's common for kids to have trouble talking with parents, and talkative mothers are not new to teenagers. But remember, she's nagging （唠叨） you because she just wants what's best for you. Talking is her way to show love and care. And she also wants to know more about you. After a day's work, she's tired, too. But she will never be tired of caring about you. Kids should learn to understand and care about parents.
    In my opinion, it's helpful to share school life with her. Then, you talk and she listens. Doing some housework together with her is another good way for you two to know each other better. And if possible, often tell her your feelings about the things around you. Always keep in mind: be polite and patient.
Yours,
Dr. Green
（1）Jim wrote to Dr. Green because he had trouble getting on with his friends.
（2）In Jim's eyes, his mother doesn't always understand what he's trying to say.
（3）Dr. Green thinks it's common for kids to have trouble talking with their parents.
（4）In Dr. Green's opinion, talking is a way for mothers to relax after a day's work.
（5）Dr. Green explains three reasons for mom's nagging and offers three suggestions.
【答案】 （1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Jim给格林先生介绍自己的问题是与妈妈的关系越来越糟，格林先生给Jim回复告诉他解决办法。
（1）细节题。根据My relationship with my mother is worse and worse now.可知Jim和妈妈的关系越来越糟，而不是朋友，故选错误。
（2）细节题。根据She doesn't always understand what I'm trying to say.可知Jim认为妈妈不理解Jim说的，故选正确。
（3）细节题。根据It's common for kids to have trouble talking with parents可知对于孩子们来说和父母交流有困难是普遍的，故选正确。
（4）细节题。根据After a day's work, she's tired, too. But she will never be tired of caring about you.可知文章没说交流是放松的一种方法，故选错误。
（5）细节题。根据第二段可知讲了三个原因：父母想给孩子最好的，展示爱和关心，想更多了解你。第三段讲了三个方法：分享学校生活，做家务，告诉父母自己的情感，故选正确。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
3．阅读理解
    It's reported that more than 450 million Chinese have myopia（近视）. Around 30 percent for primary school students, 60 percent for junior high students and 80 percent for senior high students are nearsighted. Maybe this is because students spend a lot of time reading books and using electronic products.
    Parents might have tried to do something to fix it, such as having their children get eye massages（按摩）, take medicine or even get surgery. People who offer these services or products often promise that they can reduce（缓解） or even cure（治愈） myopia.
    However, you will no longer see advertisements like this before long. The government has made a notice to ban（禁止） this kind of advertisements. The notice bans businesses from using words like "recovery"（恢复） and "myopia cure" in their advertisements. The notice says that myopia cannot be completely cured with medical technology now. As a result, these advertisements could mislead children and their parents.
    To reduce myopia among young people, the government made a new plan last August. The plan limits（限制） not only the time children play video games but also the production of new video games.
    Young people can prevent and control myopia by spending more time outside and less time in front of books or computers. People who have eyesight problems should go to a hospital and let a doctor decide what to do.
（1）What's the myopia rate of junior high students according to the passage?
A. 30%.                                    B. 45%.                                    C. 60%.                                    D. 80%.
（2）Parents might do the following EXCEPT         to fix myopia according to Paragraph 2.
A. have their children get eye massages
B. buy them special glasses
C. make their children take medicine
D. get their children to do surgery
（3）You won't see advertisements on myopia with the word "       " in the near future.
A. recovery                            B. eyesight                            C. medical                            D. reduce
（4）Which sentence is True according to Paragraph 4 and 5?
A. Students in lower grades are easy to get myopia.
B. Production of new video games has been limited.
C. Spending less time outdoors is good for children's eyesight.
D. The notice gives advice on protecting the eyesight of elderly people.
（5）What can we learn from the passage?
A. Don't believe the advertisements.
B. Students shouldn't be allowed to play video games.
C. The government and people are saving children's eyesight.
D. Myopia can be cured with the medical technology at present.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】大意：据报道有4亿5千多万中国人患有近视，政府和其他的人正在想办法拯救孩子的近视。
（1）细节题。根据60 percent for junior high students and 80 percent for senior high students are nearsighted.可知，60%的初中生患有近视，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据 such as having their children get eye massages（按摩）, take medicine or even get surgery.可知，父母为了解决孩子的近视，帮助自己孩子按摩，吃药，甚至做手术，但是没有提到给孩子买特殊眼镜，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据The notice bans businesses from using words like "recovery"（恢复） and "myopia cure" in their advertisements.可知，政府禁止有关近视的广告上使用“恢复”或治愈近视“等字样来欺骗用户，故选A。
（4）细节题。根据The plan limits（限制） not only the time children play video games but also the production of new video games.可知，政府限制新的视频游戏的产品，故选B。
（5）主旨题。据报道有4亿5千多万中国人患有近视，政府和其他的人正在想办法拯救孩子的近视。故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
4．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
    The world has a plastics problem. And not just with bottles. Straws （吸管）, toothbrushes, toys—all kinds of plastics are placed in landfills. There are 5 billion tons of plastic waste in the world. Landfills have a large part of it. By 2050, they could have 13 billion tons.
    Much of plastic rubbish finds its way into the ocean. Scientists say 165 million tons of plastic pieces are floating around out there. And most plastic won't disappear itself. It will remain in the ocean forever. Whales get caught in plastic fishing nets. Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps. It endangers ocean life. Plastic rubbish even ends up in the food we eat.
    Governments are realizing that recycling may not be enough. They are taking more actions. Though it is hard work, it is still a solvable problem. In Britain, people are not allowed to use plastic bags except in hospitals. Scotland and several coastal cities in the US stop people from using plastic straws as well. The US alone throws away some 500 million plastic straws a day. That's enough to circle the Earth twice. "Saying no to a plastic straw is an easy way to make a big difference," Diana Lofflin who started www.strawfree.org said. "'Do we really want to pass on to our children a world harmed by plastic?"
    People have found some tasty ways to reduce waste. A company in India made the first-ever spoon that people can eat. You don't have to eat the spoon. You can throw it away. It decomposes （分解） in just a few days. David Edwards, a scientist at Harvard University, designed an eatable bag which can protect the food or drink inside. It is a delicious replacement for plastic ones.
（1）According to the writer, birds die because they ________.
A. eat bottle caps and straws                               B. get caught in fishing nets
C. feed on ocean animals                                    D. have the spoons in India
（2）The underlined word "endangers" in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A. brings                                 B. loses                                 C. harms                                 D. saves
（3）The purpose of the passage is mainly to ________.
A. introduce some ways to recycle waste
B. tell readers about the problem with plastics
C. compare air pollution and plastic pollution
D. describe how the US is reducing plastic waste
（4）From the passage, we can tell that the plastics problem ________.
A. is too big for people to solve                          B. can be solved by recycling alone
C. can be solved, but it won't be easy                 D. will have to be solved by future scientists
【答案】 （1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍塑料对环境和人类和动物伤害。各国政府意识到，回收利用可能不够。人们找到了一些减少浪费的好方法。印度的一家公司制造了第一个人们可以吃的勺子。你不必吃勺子。你可以扔掉它。它在几天内就分解了。哈佛大学的科学家大卫爱德华兹设计了一个可食的袋子，可以保护里面的食物或饮料。很好吃的替代品。
（1）细节理解题。根据Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps. 可知鸟死于吃塑料吸管和瓶盖，故选A。
（2）词义猜测题。根据Much of plastic rubbish finds its way into the ocean. Scientists say 165 million tons of plastic pieces are floating around out there. And most plastic won't disappear itself. It will remain in the ocean forever. 可知塑料永久处在于海洋之中，部分自动分解，就会伤害到鲸鱼、鸟和海洋生物。A： brings 带来；B： loses 损失；C： harms 伤害；D： saves拯救。故选C。
（3）文章大意题。根据文章大意告诉读者塑料对环境、人类和动物的伤害及解决的办法。 故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据By 2050, they could have 13 billion tons.和 Governments are realizing that recycling may not be enough.及You can throw it away. It decomposes （分解） in just a few days.  It is a delicious replacement 可知塑料问题可以解决，但不是很容易的事情，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
5．阅读理解
    We did a survey about what students would like to get from high school. Some students aged 13 or older are invited to comment below.
    We want something that will help us get a job and put food on the table. But we also want to get a job that makes us happy, not tired but there is no way to get every-thing we want from school.
—James
    I believe the school is like a second home. We learn how to read, write and increase our knowledge at school. As we get older, we realize the benefits that the school gives us.
—Gwen
    What I hope to get from high school is a good study environment where I can build up my knowledge. And I hope to get high scores to attend college in the USA.
—Rachel
    When I go to high school, I hope to get more education before anything else. I do think that high school is a big chance for middle school students, and that we have a lot to learn. High school is also a very big place and there are more tasks for us to do.
—Kendra
（1）Both Gwen and Rachel would like to          at high school.
A. finish their homework                                     B. go to college
C. develop their knowledge                                D. get good working experience
（2）Rachel think high school should          .
A. help students go abroad                                 B. give students more part-time jobs
C. help students make more friends                   D. give students a good study environment
（3）Which of the following is Kendra's opinion?
A. School is like a second home.
B. There are fewer tasks in high school.
C. High school is a small chance for middle school students.
D. Getting a good education is more important than anything else.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）D
（3）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一篇社会调查结果文章。是关于学生希望从高中学校得到什么的调查。
（1）细节理解题。根据Gwen：We learn how to read, write and increase our knowledge at school.我们在学校学习如何读、写和增加我们的知识。和 Rachel ： What I hope to get from high school is a good study environment where I can build up my knowledge. 在那里我可以增进我的知识。可知都是增进知识，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据 What I hope to get from high school is a good study environment where I can build up my knowledge.我希望从中学得到的是一个良好的学习环境，在那里我可以积累我的知识。可知高中应提供一个良好的学习环境，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据I hope to get more education before anything else.我希望在其他任何事情之前得到更多的教育，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
6．阅读理解
    Sometimes people come into your life and you know at once that they were sure to be there. They serve some sort of purpose, teach you a lesson or help find out who you are or who you want to become. You never know who these people may be: your classmate, neighbor, teacher, long-lost friend or even a real stranger. But you know that every moment they will affect your life in some serious way.
    Sometimes things happen to you. At the time they may seem terri