2023中考英语阅读理解练习题基础、提高、难题-汇总(含答案)1(1).doc

中考英语阅读理解汇编练习试卷
一、中考英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解
    It's important to learn about protecting our environment. Here is a 5R rule for us:
    Reduce
    If you want to reduce waste, you should use things wisely（明智地）. A larger number of trees are cut down to make paper. If everyone uses paper carelessly, soon we will not have any trees left. Other things are also being wasted, and people don't know what to do with the waste in big cities. So it is necessary to use things wisely.
    Reuse
    You should always think of reusing the usable things before throwing them away. For example, you can give your clothes you do not wear any more to the poor. In a family, you may pass on such clothes to younger brothers or sisters.
    Recycle
    Bottles, cans and paper can easily be recycled. By recycling them we save lots of time and money. For example, Coke cans are sent to a factory, where they are smashed flat （压平） and melted（融化） and the metal things are made for new Coke cans.
    Recover（恢复）
    When you buy a box of apples, there may be a few rotten（腐烂的） apples, you have two choices（选择）: One is to throw the whole apples away, or you can cut off the rotten parts and keep the good parts. In the way, you are recovering the eatable（能吃的） parts of food.
    Repair
    If one of the legs of your table is broken, you can repair it. If you want to change for better ones, it is better for you to sell the old things or give them to other people who can use them after doing some repair.
（1）The "reduce" rule mainly wants us      .
A. to use things wisely
B. to cut down many trees
C. to use a lot of paper
D. to throw away your old things
（2）What's the right order of recycling Coke cans?
a. collect the used cans
b. melt them
c. smash them flat
d. send them to a factory
A. a, b, c, d                            B. a, d, c, b                            C. d, b, c, a                            D. c, a, b, d
（3）The "recover" rule mainly wants us      .
A. to throw waste things away
B. to cover waste things with earth
C. to get back the useful parts
D. to throw the whole things away
（4）Which is the best way to do with your broken tables?
A. Throwing them away.       B. Repairing them.       C. Selling them.       D. Putting them away.
（5）The article is written to remind（提醒） us of      .
A. planting more trees
B. protecting the animals
C. keeping ourselves healthy
D. protecting the environment
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者主要给我们介绍了五条保护环境的守则，号召人们保护环境。 
（1）细节理解题。根据If you want to reduce waste，you should use things wisely可知如果你想减少浪费，你应该明智地使用东西，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Bottles，cans and paper can easily be recycled。By recycling them we save lots of time and money. For example，Coke cans are sent to a factory，where they are smashed flat（压平）and melted（融化）and the metal things are made for new Coke cans.可知回收可乐罐的顺序应该是：收集-送到工厂-压平-融化，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据one is to throw the whole apples away，or you can cut off the rotten parts and keep the good parts可知"recover"主要是要我们找回有用的部分，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据If one of the legs of your table is broken，you can repair it可知如果桌子坏了，最好是修一修，故选B。
（5）理解推断题。根据It's important to learn about protecting our environment。Here is a 5R rule for us可知本文作者的目的是提醒人们保护环境，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
2．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。
    If you go shopping in any toy store, you can see clearly the different games and toys for boys and girls: there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls; and dark colored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys. Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a blue floor for boys. In fact, it is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink.
    Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls. Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color. According to some scientists, this happens for two reasons. Firstly, most companies offer too many products in pink. Also, many parents think their little daughter looks cute in pink. Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make proper decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect （影响） the choices and the decisions they will make in the future.
    Some parents are worried too-for example, Vanessa Holburn, thirty-two, who has two girls under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. "Pink says that you are soft and gentle. Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I'm worried that pink will not help them with that," she says.
    But not everyone thinks there's something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn't worried at all. "People forget that things change all the time," he says. "My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older, they change." Turner explains that his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes anymore. "This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change," he adds. "It's only since the 1940s that people have started dressing girls in pink-before that it was a color for boys."
（1）Which of the following best shows the structure-of-the passage?
A.         B.         C.         D. 
（2）The underlined word "that" in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A. being soft and gentle                                      B. being strong and powerful
C. being gentle but powerful                              D. being cute and beautiful
（3）According to Grayson Turner, ________.
A. parents needn't worry about pink toys          B. all little kids love the color pink
C. pink has always been a color for girls            D. his girls now prefer the color blue
（4）The purpose of this passage is to ________.
A. explain why girls are crazy about the color pink
B. make parents less worried about the color pink
C. encourage girls to give up playing with pink toys
D. show people's different opinions about the color pink
【答案】 （1）B
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章从女孩的玩具大多是粉红色的，男孩的玩具大多是蓝色的或者深色的，向人们介绍了不同的人们对粉红色的不同观点。
（1）文章结构题。根据文章结构可知第一段总领全文，说明女孩的玩具大多数粉红色，男孩的玩具大多是深色，蓝色。第二段和第三段介绍了一些父母对粉红色的反对的看法，第四段对粉红色没有错误看法的父母的观点。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Pink says that you are soft and gentle. Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I'm worried that pink will not help them with that," she says. 可知粉红色说你是温柔和温和的。蓝色说你们是强壮的，有能力的。我想要我的女儿强壮，有能力，我担心粉红色不能帮助他们那样，that指的是上文的strong and powerful。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn't worried at all. 以及后面他说的话可知他认为父母不必为颜色的喜好担心，故选A。
（4）写作意图题。通读全文可知大意是表达人们对粉红色的不同观点，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题要找到答案的依据，文章结构题要通篇观察，确定文章的结构，写作意图题要根据语境确定作者的写作目的。
3．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。

    This painting is called The Fighting Temeraire. Temeraire is the name of the big, old sailing ship that you can see on the left of the picture. People chose this picture to be the greatest painting in Britain.
    J.M.W. Turner painted it in 1839.It shows the old sailing ship, the Temeraire, on the River Thames near London. There's a small tugboat pulling the old ship. It's in fact taking the Temeraire on its last journey. The old ship is going to the breaker's yard. In the background we can see the sun setting.
    The picture, however, is more than just a painting of two boats in the evening. The artist wanted to show the end of an era （时代）. The time of the beautiful, old sailing ships is coming to an end. That's why we see this happening at sunset. In the little, brown tugboat we can see the new industrial era starting. The tugboat is small and dark and it's making a lot of smoke, but it's very strong, because it's pulling the much bigger ship.
    The painting shows a real event. Turner watched the Temeraire taking its last journey up the Thames, but he changed some of the details. He painted the old ship white and gold so that it looks like a ghost. In fact, the real ship was black and yellow. We also see the sun setting behind the ship, but in fact, the ship travelled towards the sunset. However, Turner wanted to show the sun setting on the time of the beautiful old sailing ships.
    Turner painted The Fighting Temeraire when he was quite old, so perhaps he wanted to show the sun setting on his own life, too. He loved the painting and he never sold it. You can see it today in the National Gallery in London.
（1）The Fighting Temeraire ________.
A. is the name of a big sailing ship                     B. was thought the best painting in Britain
C. shows two nice new ships                               D. was painted by a famous young artist
（2）The old ship was pulled to the yard ________.
A. to be painted new             B. to be repaired             C. to be broken up             D. to be sold
（3）What does the tugboat stand for according to the passage?
A. The new industrial era.                                    B. The beautiful old era.
C. The painter's own life.                                      D. The white and gold ghost.
（4）What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. The color of the real sailing ship was white and gold.
B. In the painting the sailing ship was going towards the sunset.
C. Finally Turner sold this painting because he didn't like it.
D. Today the painting is kept in the National Gallery in London.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了The Fight Temeraire这幅画的内容，寓意和价值。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话 People chose this picture to be the greatest painting in Britain.可知人们选这幅画是英国最伟大的画，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句 The old ship is going to the breaker's yard.以及 The time of the beautiful, old sailing ships is coming to an end. 可知这艘旧船打算去破坏者的院子里，也就是说它被拉到院子里是为了打碎，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段第四句 In the little, brown tugboat we can see the new industrial era starting.可知在褐色的小拖船里我们能看见新的工业纪元的开始，故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知A, B和C信息与原文不符，根据 You can see it today in the National Gallery in London.可知现在这幅画被保存在英国国家画廊里，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，然后带着问题在原文中找到依据，锁定答案。
4．阅读短文，根据短文内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。
    Long long ago, there was a beautiful little girl. She was alone because she had no family and no home. She only had her clothes and some bread. But she was very kind.
    A man asked her if she had something to eat. She gave him her bread. A child cried and told her that his head was very cold. So she gave him her hat. Then, she met a child with no coat. She gave him her coat.
    One day, in the cold dark forest, she met another child who asked for her dress. The little girl thought that it was dark and nobody could see her, so she gave her dress away. At last, she had almost nothing: no family, no where to live, nothing to eat and little to wear.
    Suddenly, stars fell from the sky. These stars became pieces of money and a beautiful dress.
    The little girl was rich for the rest of her life and she still helped the people in need with her money.
（1）The beautiful little girl was     because she had no family and no home.
A. lazy                                    B. alone                                    C. rich                                    D. thin
（2）When she met a child with no coat, she gave him her     .
A. bread                                   B. hat                                   C. coat                                   D. money
（3）     , she gave her dress away.
A. In an old house                    B. In the forest                    C. In the sky                    D. At home
（4）     fell from the sky became pieces of money and a beautiful dress.
A. The hat                          B. The coat                          C. The bread                          D. The stars
（5）The little girl was rich for the rest of her life because of her     .
A. kindness                               B. family                               C. beauty                               D. Dress
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了很久以前一个无家可归的小女孩把自己的衣服和面包都给了他人，之后星星变为金钱和漂亮的裙子，小女孩后半生富裕，并且帮助需要帮助的人。
（1）细节理解题。根据 She was alone because she had no family and no home，可知她很孤独，因为她没有家人也没有家，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Then， she met a child with no coat． She gave him her coat，可知她遇到了一个没有外套的孩子，她把外套给他了，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据One day， in the cold dark forest， she met another child who asked for her dress一天，在寒冷黑暗的森林里，她遇到了另一个要她的裙子的孩子，可知是在森林里，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据 Suddenly， stars fell from the sky． These stars became pieces of money and a beautiful dress突然，星星从天而降．这些星星变成了金钱和漂亮的衣服，可知是星星，故选D。
（5）细节理解题。根据The little girl was rich for the rest of her life and she still helped the people in need with her money这个小女孩余生都很富有，她仍然用她的钱帮助那些需要帮助的人，可知因为小女孩很善良，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
5．阅读理解
    One fresh sunny day, while I was swimming in the water, I felt something special going through my gills（腮）. It was a different kind of water. I also found many of my friends became sick. Some of them were dying. I was thinking about what I should do to save my friends, so I decided o do some research for my underwater life.
    My research started. At first, I noticed there were many bottles, cans and other kinds of rubbish in the water. Then I went on. I got closer and then I tasted many different kinds of liquid（液体）. To my surprise, I noticed a man pouring some liquid into the water. Others also saw him doing so and they decided to follow him. I hated it! I wish I could have told them that it was killing us!
    I think it is so stupid for people to do this to the earth that they are living on! I can't understand why they are doing this. Humans should stop throwing waste into the lakes or rivers. I want to have a normal life with my friends. People should stop being so selfish and care about the environment. If they do that, everyone will be fine and will have nothing to worry about. I suggest they follow my words. If so, I believe everyone will be able to live a happy life.
（1）Some of the writer's friends were dying because of             pollution.
A. air                                    B. noise                                    C. water                                    D. light
（2）What did the writer find?
A. A man was fishing in the river.                   B. A man was swimming in the water.
C. A man got sick because of the water.        D. A man was pouring some liquid into the water.
（3）What does the underlined word“selfish”mean in Chinese?
A. 自豪的                                B. 自私的                                C. 奇怪的                                D. 完美的
（4）What does the speaker suggest in the last paragraph?
A. Human beings should care about the environment.
B. Human beings should live in the water.
C. Human beings should stop scientific r