2022年全国甲卷英语真题（解析版）.docx

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国甲卷）英语注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 答案是C。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man want to do?A. Have breakfast.B. Take a walk.C. Call his office.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Jenny, you can just drop me here.W: But were two streets away from the office. M: Its fine. I had a big breakfast and feel like a bit of walk.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What was George doing last night?A. Having a meeting.B. Flying home.C. Working on a project.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Hello, George. You look tired. Didnt sleep well last night?M: No not at all. I had to work flat out to meet the project deadline. Now Im really feeling a bit rundown.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the man suggest going to the park?A. Its big.B. Its quiet.C. Its new.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: John, cant we go someplace and talk? Its so noisy in here.M: Well, theres a small park across the street. Its usually not crowded at this time of day.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the woman sound?A. Annoyed.B. Pleased.C. Puzzled.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Weve got to do something about the neighbors dog.M: Why? Has he been into your flower garden again? W: The flower garden, the garbage can and yesterday he started digging holes in the yard.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where is the mans table?A. Near the door.B. By the window.C. In the corner.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Hello, we have a reservation in the name of Mr. Jones. Is there any table by the window?W: Sorry, weve got this corner table for you. Its quiet here, not close to the door.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What are the speakers going to do tonight?A. Eat out.B. Go shopping.C. Do sports.7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Boss and secretary.B. Hostess and guest.C. Husband and wife.【答案】6. A 7. C【解析】【原文】W: Dave, dont forget we are invited out to dinner tonight.M: Oh, yeah. I almost forgot. What time? W: 7:30. We should leave the house by 6:30. You know how bad the traffic is that time of night? M: Its informal, isnt it? W: Yeah. You can wear your new sports jacket. The one I got you as an anniversary gift. M: OK, well, Ive got to go. Ill try to get home a little earlier today. W: Good.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?A. Their business is slow.B. The weather is favorable.C. Its easy to hire people.9. How will they handle the moving?A. Finish it all at once.B. Have the sales section go first.C. Do one department at a time.【答案】8. A 9. C【解析】【原文】M: We need to decide exactly when were going to move. Any suggestions?W: I think July would be the best time. Our sales are always down that month. We could move all the office equipment at a weekend, do everything at once. M: I think a weekend is too short. Maybe we should do it department by department. W: What do you mean? M: Well, each week, a different department would move. That way, there would always be people here to handle customer inquiries, phone calls, and so on. W: Emm, thats a good idea.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. What did Peter learn from his grandfather?A. How to appreciate art works.B. How to deal with artists.C. How to run a museum.11. What did Peter do in Chicago?A. He studied at a college.B. He served in the army.C. He worked in a gallery.12. Whose works did Peter like best?A. Rembrandts.B. Botticellis.C. Rubens.【答案】10. A 11. A 12. C【解析】【原文】W: So Mr. Peter Sels, Id be curious to know what were the early connections in your life that let you into the art field?M: My grandfather was an art dealer in Munich. They had a great museum in Munich. He took me to the museum, and I responded very strongly to what I saw on the walls there. I learned about art from him, I learned about looking at art from him. I think thats what really got me started. Then many years later, after I got out of the army, I went to study art history at the University of Chicago. W: Tell us more about your experiences of looking at art with your grandfather. M: Well, we looked at the famous paintings by the great artists like Rembrandt, Botticelli, and Albert Durer. Rubens paintings were my favorites. Yes, I remember these things. This was when I was between 10 and 15. When I was 14, I was so anxious to see more art that a friend of mine and I bicycled across the Alps to see Venice. That was a big adventure.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. Where does the conversation take place?A. At a library.B. In a law firm.C. On a train.14. By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?A. March.B. August.C. October.15. Why did John quit his part-time job?A. He had to catch up with his study.B. He was offered a better one.C. He got tired of it.16. What is Susans attitude to Johns problem?A. Carefree.B. Understanding.C. Forgiving.【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B【解析】【原文】W: Hi, John. Havent seen you for ages.M: Hi, Susan. Fancy meeting you here on the train. W: How is your college life? M: What can I say? Ive survived. W: What happened? M: Well, early last March, I started doing a part time job in a law firm. A few weeks before I had started writing my term paper. I thought I could finish it by August. W: That was a pretty good idea, trying to have some work experience. M: For the first 3 weeks, you know, I tried. I got up early and worked for an hour on my paper before going to work. But work was so fun. I met tons of new people, and soon I couldnt find even a minute for my paper. So I had to quit my part-time job and finally finished my paper in October. W: Well, its never too late to mend. Its kind of hard to find a balance between what you have to do and what you want to do. M: Yeah, its really important for me to balance study and work. And I think I should learn to exercise some self-control.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. What did the speaker do before the year 2012?A. A fitness coach.B. A chess player.C. A marathon runner.18. Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?A. He was motivated by Bolt.B. He broke a world record.C. He won fifth place.19. Which is the hardest for the speaker?A. Getting over an injury.B. Doing strength training.C. Representing Botswana.20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. His plan to go for the gold.B. His experience on the track.C. His love for his home country.【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B【解析】【原文】M: Being an athlete is very fun, painful, and exciting. Every time I come to the track, I feel like Im out of this place. This is Botswana National Stadium. This is where I train. When I saw Usain Bolt running in 2012 London Olympics, I was amazed. Just watching him run, got me motivated. I quit being a chess player and started to run. I went to the 2016 Olympics and went to the finals at the age of 18. And wow, I finished fifth. It was a dream come true to me, but I still wanted more. The training is super hard. But the hardest part for me is that I got an injury, an injury which may take me out for years. For a period of time, as a young athlete, I didnt know what to do. I lost focus. But now, Im back on the track. I really want to be there at the Olympics and do what I did before. Do much, much greater. I dont care about the gold, I dont care about the silver. I want to do my best, you know, take everything and show it to the world.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheatres and EntertainmentSt Davids HallSt Davids Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiffs entertainment centre. With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall, St Davids Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment, including pop, rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music.The Hayes, Cardiff CF10 1AHwww.stdavidshallcardiff.co.ukThe Glee Club Every weekend this is “Wales” premier comedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasnt been on the stage here. If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here.Mermaid Quay, Cardiff Bay, Cardiff CF10 5BZwww.glee.co.uk/cardiffSherman CymruSherman Cymrus theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012. This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会) to do creative things. Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of the very best theatre, dance, family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.Senghennydd Road, Cardiff CF24 4YEwww.shermancymru.co.ukNew TheatreThe New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals, dance and childrens shows for more than 100 years. Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UKs touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardiffs oldest surviving traditional theatre. Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3LNwww.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk21. Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted?A. At the New Theatre.B. At the Glee Club.C. At Sherman Cymru.D. At St Davids Hall.22. What can people do at the Glee Club?A. Watch musicals.B. Enjoy comedies.C. See family shows.D. Do creative things.23. Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiffs oldest surviving theatre?A. www.newtheatrecardiff.co.ukB. www.shermancymru.co.ukC. www.glee.co.uk/cardiffD. www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“St Davids Hall”部分中的“St Davids Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff (St Davids Hall是Cardiff一年一度的Welsh Proms的举办地)”可知，Cardiff的Welsh Proms活动在St Davids Hall举办。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“The Glee Club”部分中的“If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here (如果你正在寻找巡演中最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应该从这里开始)”可知，人们可以在The Glee Club享受喜剧。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“New Theatre”部分中的“The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicians, dance and childrens shows for more than 100 years (100多年来，New Theatre一直是优质戏剧、音乐家、舞蹈和儿童节目的发源地)”以及其下面的网站“www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk”可知，可以在www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk网站找到Cardiff存在最久的剧院。故选A。【点睛】BGoffins cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffins cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffins cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.24. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?A. By following instructions.B. By using a tool.C. By turning the box around.D. By removing the lid.25. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?A. Using a key to unlock a door.B. Telling parrots from other birds.C. Putting a ball into a round hole.D. Grouping toys of different shapes.26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?A. How far they are able to see.B. How they track moving objects.C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys.D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Cockatoos: Quick Error CheckersB. Cockatoos: Independent LearnersC. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-ReadersD. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. (虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具)”以及“the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting, the correct “keys” would let out the nut. (研究人员给了这些鸟5把形状各异的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入，正确的“钥匙”会让坚果出来)”可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age (在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里)”结合选项，可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. (根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状)”可推知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“Coffins cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. (科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似)”可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。D项“Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters (凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工)”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D。【点睛】CAs Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career (职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the