2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷英语真题（解析版.）.docx

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考I卷）
英语
本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如高改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和符题卡一并交回。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers do next?
A. Check the map.
B. Leave the restaurant.
C. Park the car.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: We have to find a parking space. Let’s drive around the block one more time. Did you say the restaurant has no off-street parking at all?
W: None. I checked it. Look, there is a space!
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers?
A. At a bus stop. B. At home. C. At the airport.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: You have to go now, Judy, or you’ll miss your flight. It’s an hour’s drive to the airport.
W: I’m leaving. Don’t forget to water my flowers. Just a minute. Where is my ticket, Dad?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the speakers do last week?
A. They had a celebration dinner.
B. They went to see a newborn baby.
C. They sent a mail to their neighbors.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Laura, what’s in the mailbox?
W: It’s a thank-you note from our neighbour. They thank us for visiting them last week when the baby was born. They also invite us to have dinner next Friday.
M: Are they back home now?
W: Should be.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the man make the phone call?
A. To cancel a weekend trip.
B. To make an appointment.
C. To get some information.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Good afternoon, Paper Museum.
M: Hello. Could you tell me your opening hours for Saturday?
W: Yeah. We’re open from ten in the morning to five in the afternoon.
M:Thanks.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man probably want to do?
A. Do some exercise.
B. Get an extra key.
C. Order room service.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me, where is the hotel gym, please?
W: It’s on the top floor You can take the lift over there.
M: Do I have to pay extra?
W: No, sir, you just need to take your room key with you.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独自读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. Why does the woman come to the man?
A. To ask for permission.
B. To extend an invitation.
C. To express thanks.
7. When are the students going to the museum?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Mr. Wilson, students from Class 2 want to visit the history museum. Will it be all right if I take them there this weekend?
M: How about their revision test? Are they through with it?
W: Yes, they are.
M: In that case, you can go ahead. Try to finish it within one day, so that the students still have a whole day to rest on Sunday.
W: All right. I’ll manage.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Buying groceries.
B. Choosing gifts.
C. Seeing friends.
9. Who is Clara?
A. The man’s wife.
B. The man’s sister.
C. The man’s daughter.
10. How much did the man spend on the city passes?
A. $36. B. $50. C. $150.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Linda. Fancy seeing you here. How long have you been shopping?
W: Almost an hour. I have a lot to buy. My daughter Melissa’s birthday is coming. I’m trying to get her a good gift, but I don’t know what to choose. She seems to have everything she loves.
M: Yeah, the same as Clara. We’ve already had bags of toys she’s no longer playing with. So this year, we didn’t buy her material things. We gave her an experience gift.
W: What’s that?
M: A city pass, with which she can visit 12 different attractions, including the national history museum, the science museum, the zoo, and more.
W: How much is it?
M: Fifty dollars per person, for a year-long pass. I bought three for the whole family.
W: So you can have a different outing every month for the entire year. What a great idea!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. Why did Tracy bring dogs to the children?
A. To teach them to love animals.
B. To help them gain confidence
C. To protect them from dangers.
12. What is Kevin’s concern about the dog?
A. They may misbehave.
B. They may get hurt.
C. They may carry diseases.
13. What will Helen do tomorrow morning?
A. Give a talk.
B. Meet the children.
C. Take some photos.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Helen, busy doing anything?
W: Oh Kevin, I’m preparing a presentation for the city library. It’s about a girl named Tracy Woods.
M: What’s special about her?
W: It was an amazing story. She brought specially-trained dogs to special education schools and helped children to build confidence. She believes that dogs can help children in ways we can’t. Dogs don’t judge, and they don’t care who you are or what you look like.
M: But putting dogs into a school? Aren’t they going to mess up the school?
W: Don’t worry. All the dogs are assessed and trained properly. There are now 40 dogs working with children aged from 6 to 18.
M: I hope the children love them.
W: Of course they do. I’ve got some pictures. I’ll show them at my presentation tomorrow morning.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. What is the man doing?
A. Attending a lecture.
B. Hosting a workshop.
C. Conducting an interview.
15. Why is Emily doing unpaid work in the new season of the show?
A. To follow the latest trend.
B. To help raise the crew's pay.
C. To support the post-production.
16. What enables Emily to try different things in her field?
A. Her college education.
B. Her teaching experience.
C. Her family tradition.
17. What does Emily think of her work at the Film Centre?
A. Boring. B. Rewarding. C. Demanding
【答案】14. C 15. C 16. A 17. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Emily, thank you for taking time out of your busy schedule to answer a few questions.
W: It’s my pleasure.
M: People say you’re doing unpaid work in the new season of My Fair Lady. Is this what the show business has become?
W: No, not really. All of my acting in the new season is unpaid. But the crew is paid. This is to raise money for the post-production of the show.
M: I notice you’re tried many different kinds of things: film, TV, and even theater.
W: Yeah, that’s how I was trained at university. I work on anything that excites me.
M: Tell us about the six months you recently spent at the workshop of the Film Center.
W: It was an unbelievable experience, teaching young actors and actresses, and working with some great acting artists. It was also great to work in various labs, such as directors, writers and so on. It’s very helpful for making you a really well-rounded and active member of the film and television industry.
M: Thank you very much, Emily. We look forward to your new season.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

18. Who is the speaker talking to?
A. Sports club members.
B. International tourists.
C. University students.
19. Where did Emma work for a rugby team?
A. In Manchester. B. In Dublin. C. In Vancouver
20. What can be a challenge to Emma's work?
A. Competition in the health care industry.
B. Discrimination gains female scientists.
C. Influence of misinformation on the public.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, everyone. This is the monthly meeting of our club. We’ve been fortunate to have got good advice from some famous athletes on how to improve our skills and build up our body. Today, we’ll hear something different. We’re honored to have Emma Wilson here. Emma is a health expert and lecturer from UBC, the University of British Columbia. Emma worked for a football team in Manchester, then for a very successful rugby team in Dublin, and finally ended up working here in Vancouver. Emma says it’s challenging to be a health expert, because people can be easily influenced by advertisements that lack scientific support. Also, people aren’t willing to change their views about food and nutrition as there is so much confusing information online. It’s really important to hear what experts say, and that’s why we’ve invited Emma here. She isn’t going to tell us about everything we should eat. But, she will teach us to make better choices. Let’s welcome Emma Wilson.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
21. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
22. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
23. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?
A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade.
C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for this course (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays (60%)”、“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. (如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A项。
B
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?
A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test?
A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.
C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
26. What does Curtin’s company do?
A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
27. What does Curtin suggest people do?
A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.
C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.(像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; could have made six salads with what I threw out.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B。
25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other, resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”(生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。”)”可知，根据文中的说法，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce, that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.(科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐