公开课名词性从句定稿.pptx

Noun clausespoppy名词在句中可充当主语，表语，宾语和同位名词在句中可充当主语，表语，宾语和同位语，起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。语，起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。For example:1.The bag is in the desk.2.I washed my clothes yesterday 3.She is a nice girl.4.The professor,my uncle came back yesterday.名词性从句的概念：名词性从句的概念：名名词词性性从从句句主语从句主语从句（Subject Clause）宾语宾语从句从句（Object Clause）表语从句表语从句（Predicative Clause）同位语从句同位语从句（Appositive Clause）作主语作主语作作宾语宾语作作表语表语作作同位语同位语功能功能例词例词从属从属连词连词 只起连接作只起连接作用，不充当从用，不充当从句中的任何成句中的任何成份。份。that,whether,if，as if（只用（只用于表语从句）于表语从句）名词性从句的连接词通常有：名词性从句的连接词通常有：功能功能例词例词连接连接代词代词既起连接作用，既起连接作用，本身又做从句本身又做从句的的主语、宾语、主语、宾语、表语或定语。表语或定语。Who,whom,whose,what,which功能功能例词例词连接连接副词副词既起连接作用，既起连接作用，本身又做从句本身又做从句的的状语状语。when,where,why,how，wherever,whenever 主语从句主语从句在句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句。在句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句。主语从句可以放句首；但多数放句末，主语从句可以放句首；但多数放句末，句首用形式主语句首用形式主语IT.IT.For example:1.That the earth is round is true.=It is true that the earth is round.The bag is in the desk2.Whether he will come hasnt been decided.=It hasnt been decided whether he will come.注意：连词注意：连词that,whetherthat,whether在从句中不担任句子成分，在从句中不担任句子成分，只起连接作用，不能省略。只起连接作用，不能省略。并且并且whetherwhether引导主语从句引导主语从句时时不能不能用用ifif代替。代替。3.Who let out the news remained unknown.4.How this happened is still a question.5.Why he didnt come here is not clear to anyone.注意：注意：who,which,who,which,how,when,where,whyhow,when,where,why在所引导的主语从句中在所引导的主语从句中可担任主语，宾语，状可担任主语，宾语，状语，语，不能省略不能省略。可以用。可以用形式主语形式主语itit引导。引导。以以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句型有：型有：1.It+be+形容词形容词+that从句从句It is/was certain that clause clear important necessary probable possible（1）It is certain that she will do well in her exam.（2）It is possible that he told her everything.2、It+be+名词词组名词词组+that从句从句It is/was a pity that clause shame duty(1)It is a pity that we cant go.(2)It is no surprise that our team should have won the game.3、It+be+过去分词过去分词+that从句从句It is said that clause reported thought hoped believed known(1)It is said that he is the best student in the class.(2)It is thought that Joe drives badly.4、It+seem,happen,appear等不及物等不及物 动词动词+that从句。从句。(1)It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.(2)It happened that I was out that day.对比训练对比训练_ he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.A.What B.That _ you dont like him is none of my business.A.What B.ThatRemember it 1.1.主语从句作主语相主语从句作主语相当于第三人称单数作主语，当于第三人称单数作主语，谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数；2.2.如果由如果由andand连接两个连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词用主语，谓语动词用复数复数；3.3.由两个或多个连接由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用语动词用单数单数。1.How and why he did the experiment are unknown to all.2.How he did the experiment and why he did the experiment is unknown to all.3.When he did the experiment has not been decided yet.五、主语从句中的主谓一致五、主语从句中的主谓一致判断下列句子是否正确判断下列句子是否正确 isare 表语从句表语从句在句中充当表语的句子在句中充当表语的句子(多数放在多数放在bebe动词动词后面后面)叫做表语从句。叫做表语从句。Thats what we should do.Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。省略。She is a nice girl.Thats why I want to see you.The question is whether it is worth doing注意：表语从句表示注意：表语从句表示“是否是否”只用只用“whetherwhether”而不用而不用“ifif”1.1.be,seem,look,appear,sound等等动词后均可跟表语从句动词后均可跟表语从句：My suggestion is that we should go shopping.It seems that it is going to rain.2.as if,because 也可引导表语从句。也可引导表语从句。It looks as if its going to rain.It was because I got up late.注意：在表语从句中，当注意：在表语从句中，当reason作主语时，引导词作主语时，引导词只能用只能用that，不能用，不能用because，如，如:The reason why he was late was that he didnt catch the early bus.1.That India needs is a law to make landownership fairer.2.If the meeting will be held remains unknown.-WhatWhether3.That is a surprise that she is still alive.4.The problem is if we will raise ducks or geese.5.The question is how you should do next.-Itwhetherwhat宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫做宾在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。语从句。1.1.作动词宾语作动词宾语I dont know that you will come here.I wonder what he has done.2.2.作介词宾语作介词宾语The teacher is satisfied with what I said.He is thinking about how to solve the problem.注意：介词的宾语从句一般不用注意：介词的宾语从句一般不用which和和if来引导，而要分别用来引导，而要分别用what和和whether来引导。如：来引导。如：Are you sorry for what youve done?Everything depends on whether we have enough experience.不可用不可用ifwhich不可以不可以3、用作某些形容词的宾语从句：、用作某些形容词的宾语从句：这类形容词常见的有这类形容词常见的有sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等。等。(1)I am sure you looked beautiful that evening.(2)We were not surprised that he returned three days later than expected.(3)Everyone was afraid that someone might find out that he could see nothing.(4)Mother was very pleased(that)her daughter had passed the entrance exams.引导宾语从句的连词引导宾语从句的连词that常可省去，常可省去，特别在口语中是这样。特别在口语中是这样。注意注意whether 和和 if 引导的宾语从句：引导的宾语从句：whether 和和 if 引导宾语从句时可以互引导宾语从句时可以互换使用，但下列情况用换使用，但下列情况用whether不用不用if。（1）在）在whether or not结构中不可用结构中不可用if代替代替whetherI dont know whether or not hell come.I wonder whether it is true or not.Everything depends on whether the situation will improve.（2）介词后面的宾语从句用）介词后面的宾语从句用whether，不用，不用if（3）引导主语从句和表语从句用）引导主语从句和表语从句用whether,不用不用if Whether well go depends on the weather.The question is whether it is worth doing.(4)whether 可用在不定式前，可用在不定式前，if 则不能则不能.Please tell me whether to go or not.宾语从句中用宾语从句中用itit作形式宾语作形式宾语We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用语时，一般用itit来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。补后面。这种句型的谓语动词这种句型的谓语动词有有think,make,feel,find,consider.I consider it necessary that he should do it again.I insisted that he（should）do it at once.She suggested that the work（should）be finished at once.The mayor ordered that the bridge(should)be repaired as soon as possbile.注意：在注意：在suggest,insist,demand,order,require 等表示建议，等表示建议，命令，要求的动词后，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。如：宾语从句中的否定转移宾语从句中的否定转移我认为他不会来这里我认为他不会来这里I think he wont come here.()I dont think he will come here.()I believe he wont see you.()I dont believe he will see you.()注意：如果宾语从句是由注意：如果宾语从句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose,expect等词引导的时候，等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。注意：这类句子后若带有附加疑注意：这类句子后若带有附加疑问句，应采用肯定形式来后问，后问句，应采用肯定形式来后问，后问部分应于从句主语一致。问部分应于从句主语一致。I dont believe she know it,does she?（2 2）时态：）时态：学习名词性从句时，除了学习名词性从句时，除了要注意从句的引导词，语序要注意从句的引导词，语序等外，还要注意从句谓语动等外，还要注意从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词的时态一词与主句谓语动词的时态一致关系。致关系。（1）在宾语从句中，当主句是）在宾语从句中，当主句是一般一般现在时现在时，宾语从句可以根据需要用各种，宾语从句可以根据需要用各种时态。如：时态。如：Mary says thatTom isnt lazy.Tom is doing well in his lesson.She will ask Tom some questions.Tom may fall behind the others.She missed us very much.She was writing a letter.She would visit the Great Wall.She said that 如果主句谓语动词是如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时一般过去时，则宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。如：则宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。如：(1)The teacher said that light travels much faster than sound.(2)The old man said the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.如果宾语从句表示的是如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理客观真理，其谓语动词则仍用一般现在时。如：其谓语动词则仍用一般现在时。如：A letter to teachers from a graduationConsolidation(巩固一下吧巩固一下吧)Dear teachers，_makes us depressed _ we will graduate from No.1 middle school.The reason why we are so sad is _ we will say goodbye to our lovely teachers and classmates.The days we spent together are full of joys and tears._ you are always so strict with us made me hate you.However,you are also ready to give your hand to_turns to you for help.ItthatthatThatwhoever Now we understand _you have tried to do for us _ you do and say is of great help to us.We dont care about _we can survive the struggleNational Entrance Exam or not._ we cherish is _we have enjoyed the process.Thanks for your teaching!Best wishes!Yours，Polo whatWhatwhetherWhatthat对比训练对比训练A modern city has been set up in _ was a small village ten years ago.A.what B.that4、同位语从句、同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某些名词的同位语从句在句中作某些名词的同位语，这些名词常见的有，同位语，这些名词常见的有，fact,news,hope,truth,idea,suggestion,thought,question,order,problem,belief,doubt,fear等。引导同位语从等。引导同位语从句的连词通常有句的连词通常有that和和whether,what,why,how等。等。例例:(1).The news that she passed the exam excited her parents.(that 不不作从句中的成分作从句中的成分,同位语从句同位语从句)(2).The news that we know from her excited all of us.(that作从句中作从句中的宾语的宾语,定语从句定语从句)(1)They expressed the hope that they would come over to visit China again.(2)We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun.(3)The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us.(4)They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.(5)The problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is.A.that B.what 同位语从句与定语从句的区别：同位语从句与定语从句的区别：（1 1）同位语从句的先行名词极为有限，）同位语从句的先行名词极为有限，而定语从句的先行词则不计其数。而定语从句的先行词则不计其数。（2 2）引导同位语从句的连词）引导同位语从句的连词thatthat在句中在句中不担任句子成分，而引导定语从句的不担任句子成分，而引导定语从句的thatthat则在从句中作主语，宾语等。则在从句中作主语，宾语等。（3 3）同位语从句与先行名词是等同关系，）同位语从句与先行名词是等同关系，一个具体，一个抽象，两者常可以转一个具体，一个抽象，两者常可以转述为主表关系，而定语从句与先行词述为主表关系，而定语从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰关系。是修饰与被修饰关系。（）如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定（）如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的成分的；而同位语从句中的thatthat只起只起连接作用。连接作用。（）定语从句是对（）定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内说明先行词的具体内容。容。Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the fact that they were talking about?The news that our team won the game is true.（_）The news that you have heard isnt true.（_）(同从同从)(定从定从)(同从同从)(定从定从)请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句：请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句：What I want to do is taking a bath.The news that they won the game spread the whole school.I dont think he is an honest boy.The fact is that he stole the car.Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the man who is standing over there?It is said that they won the game.(主从主从)(同位语从句同位语从句)(宾从宾从)(表从表从)(同位语从句同位语从句)(定从定从)(主从主从)试区分以下句子试区分以下句子Is this museum what you visited?Is this the museum that you visited?Is this museum the one that you visited?(表从表从)(定从定从)(定从定从)1.他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle.()How he was successful is still a puzzle.()2.你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives?()Could you tell me where does he live?()FTTF名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序 3.He asked me what was the matter with me.()T判断下列句子是否正确，（判断下列句子是否正确，（T or F）陈述语序陈述语序 that 和和 what 都可引导所有都可引导所有的名词从句。的名词从句。但是，但是，what除起连接作用外，除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。语。而而that在名词性从句中不在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。充当任何成分，只起连接作用。Remember it (1)What you have done might do harm to others.(2)What caused the accident is a complete mystery.(3)I think(that)you will like the stamps.二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性从句连接词的选用 1.1.that 和和what 的选用的选用1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _he did that afternoon.9._ has made China_ it is now?WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhatWhatwhat thatthat引导的名词性从句，作引导的名词性从句，作主语、表语、同位语时一般不能主语、表语、同位语时一般不能省略。省略。在引导单个的宾语从句时可在引导单个的宾语从句时可以省略，但在以下几种情况中以省略，但在以下几种情况中thatthat不能省略：不能省略：1 1）It It 做形式宾语的宾语从句；做形式宾语的宾语从句；2 2）并列宾语从句中，从第二个）并列宾语从句中，从第二个 宾语从句开始都不可省略；宾语从句开始都不可省略；3 3）当）当thatthat作介词宾语时，作介词宾语时，thatthat 不可省掉。不可省掉。Remember it2.that的省略的省略 1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.7.The reason lies in _ she works harder than the others do.请用请用that/(that)填空填空A.(that)B.thatABBBABBBRemember ita.a.主语从句中主语从句中b.b.表语从句中表语从句中c.c.同位语从句中同位语从句中d.d.介词后的宾语从句中介词后的宾语从句中e.e.Whether后直接跟不定式后直接跟不定式 to do f.f.whether 后紧跟后紧跟or not 引引导宾语从句时不用导宾语从句时不用if.只用只用whetherwhether不用不用if if 的情况：的情况：3.whether和和if的选用的选用 1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.6.The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8.I dont know _ to go.A.if/whether B.if C.Whether D.thatCACCACCCRemember it1.为了使句子保持平衡，常用先为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词行词it作形式主语或形式宾语作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放到后而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面。面。2.it作形式宾语的情况作形式宾语的情况 1)在在“动词动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”句型中句型中2)动词是动词是love，like,hate,appreciate,see to,depend on,count on等，则用等，则用it作形作形式宾语，后再接宾语从句。式宾语，后再接宾语从句。1._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It2.I hate _when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.this D.them3.You may depend on _ that all goods will be shipped abroad in time.A.which B.it C.whom D.those三三.it.it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法1._ is our belief that improvement in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.(2006浙江卷浙江卷)A.As B.That C.This D.It2.It is none of your business_ other people think about you.Believe yourself.(2007 福建福建)A.how B.what C.which D.when巩固提升一下吧巩固提升一下吧 3.He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.(2007天津天津)A.this B.that C.it D.these4.Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A.that B.it C.this D.you巩固提升一下吧巩固提升一下吧 疑问词疑问词+ever+ever引导的名引导的名词性从句与词性从句与no matter+no matter+疑问疑问词引导的从句的区别是词引导的从句的区别是:前者既可以引导名词性前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从从句也可以引导让步状语从句句;后者只能引导让步状语后者只能引导让步状语从句从句.Remember it1.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever2.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who四、疑问词四、疑问词+ever+ever引导的名词性从句引导的名词性从句Lets have a quiz!1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A.That B.What C.Why D.If2.I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home.A.that B.it C.whether D.what3.This is _ he was often late for school.A.what B.that C.why D.whether 7.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A.where B.what C.that D.how 8.The other day,my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed.A.as B.which C.what D.that 9._ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.A.What is required B.What requires C.It is required D.It requires 10._ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who6.The fact the earth travels round the sun is known to all.7.You must remember the fact what he told you._that or:/that名词性从句热点试题集锦名词性从句热点试题集锦名词性从句热点试题集锦名词性从句热点试题集锦1.I ask her _ come with me.A.if she will B.if will she C.whether will she D.will she 2._ he said is true.A.What B.That C.Which D.Whether 3.Can you tell me _?A.who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is who C.who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _.A.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live D.did they live in 5.To get the job started,_ I need is some money.A.only what B.all what C.all that D.only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here.A.what B.how C.its D.that 7.Can you tell me _ the railway station?A.how I can get to B.what can I get to C.where I can got to D.where can I get to 8.Do you know _?A.what is his name B.how is his name C.what his name is D.how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people.A.That B.What C.Which D.This 10.They have no idea at all _.A.where he has gone B.where did he go C.which place has he gone D.where has he gone 11.They want to know _