初中英语常见动词短语汇总及练习题(附解析).docx

初中英语高频考点之动词短语及习题(附解析)

一.同一动词＋不同介词／副词

break 短语

break in 打断；闯入

break into 破门而入

break out 爆发

break up 打碎；结束；解散

break down 发生故障；抛锚，分解

break away 脱离，放弃

come短语

come up 升起；发生

come up with 想出（主意）

come across (偶然)遇见(或发现)

come along 进展；一起去

come down 下降；下落

come in 进来

come from 来自

come back 回来

come on 赶快；加油

come out 出版，发行；出现；开花；发芽

come over 过来； 顺便来访

come true (希望、梦想等)实现，成为现实

cut 短语

cut up 切碎

cut down 砍到，消减

cut off 切断，切除

cut out 删除；删去；剪下

cut in 插嘴

fall短语

fall into 落入；陷入

fall behind 落后

fall down 摔倒，倒塌

fall off (从……上)掉下

fall asleep 入睡

fall over 绊倒；跌倒

get短语

get away 逃离

get back 返回

get down 下降

get on 上车

get off 下车

get over 克服

get up 起床；起来

get along/on with sb. 与某人相处
go短语

go away 走开;离开

go back 回去

go up 上升；增长

go out 出去；熄灭

go off（闹钟）发出响声

go over 仔细检查；复习

go through 通过

give短语

give away 赠送；分发

give back 还给；归还；恢复(健康等)

give in 投降，屈服

give out 发出(气味、光线、声音、信号)；分发

give up 放弃

jump短语

jump into 跳入

jump over 跳过

jump off 跳离

leave短语

leave for 出发前往；动身去

leave behind 留下；遗留

leave out 遗漏；省去；不考虑

leave alone 不打扰；不理

look短语

look after 照顾；照看

look at 看

look around 环顾四周

look for 寻找；寻求

look into 调查

look out 当心

look over (仔细)检查

look through 浏览

look up (在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找

look up to 钦佩；仰慕；尊敬

look down upon 瞧不起

look forward to 盼望；期待

put短语

put away 把……收起来；储存……备用

put down 写下；放下

put off 推迟；拖延

put on 穿上；上演；增加

put out 扑灭；熄灭(火)；伸出

put up 张贴；搭建

put back 放回原处；把（钟）拨慢

take短语

take away 拿走；带走

take down 取下；记下；拆卸

take in 吸入；吞入(体内)

take out 取出

take off 脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞

take up 占据(时间、空间)；开始从事；拿起

take care 当心；小心

take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像

take care of 照看；照顾

turn短语

turn down 调低；拒绝

turn up  调高；出现

turn on 打开；接通

turn off 关闭；切断  

turn out 结果是

turn in 上交

send 短语

send out 发出，发送，派遣
send up 发射
send for 派人去请
send in 寄去，递交

二.不同动词＋同一介词／副词

about短语

care about 关心；在意

hear about （=hear of ）听说

talk about 谈论；讨论；

think about 考虑；认为

throw about 乱丢；抛撒

worry about 担心

at短语

point at 指向

look at 看（某人）

throw at 投向；掷向

laugh at (sb.) 嘲笑（某人）

knock at 敲

shout at（sb.) 对（某人）大喊

aim at 瞄准；旨在

away短语

get away 逃离

give away 赠送；分发

put away 把……收起来；储存……备用

run away 逃跑；跑掉

take away 拿走

throw away 扔掉

move away 搬走，移开

back短语

bring back 恢复；使想起；归还

come back 回来

get back 回来；恢复

give back 归还；送回

go back 回去
talk back 回嘴；顶嘴

pay back 偿还(借款等)

down短语

break down 停止运转；出故障

calm down 保持冷静

cut down 砍倒；削减

fall down 落下；摔倒

get down 下来；落下

put down 写下；记下；放下

shut down 关上；停业

shoot down 射下，击落

take down 拆除；记录

turn down 调低；关小；拒绝

write down 写下；记下

in短语

believe in 信任；信赖

bring in 引进；生产

check in 报到；登记

come in 进来

hand in 交上；提交；呈送

take in 吸入；吞入(体内)；理解；欺骗

join in 参加，加入

of短语

hear of 听说

think of 想起；认为；考虑

get out of 离开；从……出来

take care of 照顾；照看

off短语

break off 突然中止；中断

cut off 切除；切断

drop off 减少；下降

fall off 从……掉下

get off 脱下；下车

go off (闹钟)发出响声；发出（光、热等）

keep off 勿踏；勿踩

knock off 停止做某事

pay off 偿清(欠款等)

put off 推迟；拖延

run off 跑掉；迅速离开

see off（为某人）送行

set off 动身（去某地）；起程

send off 派遣

shut off 关闭；停止运转

take off 脱下（衣服），（飞机等）起飞

tell off 责备；分派

turn off 关闭

on短语

put on 穿上

turn on 打开

fight on 坚持

pass on 传递

keep on 继续（进行）

try on 试穿；试试看

work on 从事；忙于

depend on 依赖

come on 赶快；加油；来吧

hold on 等一等（别挂电话）

out短语

blow out 吹灭

break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发

bring out 使显现；使表现出

check out 查看；观察

clean out 清除；把……打扫干净

clear out 清理；丢掉

come out 出版；发表

cut out 删除；删去

find out 查明；弄清

get out 出去，离开

give out 发出(气味、光线、声音、信号)；分发

go out 出去；熄灭

hand out 分发；发放

hang out 闲逛

keep out 不让......进入

leave out 不包括；不提及；忽略

look out 留神；当心

put out 扑灭；熄灭(火)

point out 指出

run out 用尽；耗尽

sell out 卖完；售光

set out 出发；启程

stand out  站出来；突出；坚持到底

take out 取出

work out 算出；解决

help (sb.) out 帮助(某人)解决困难

over短语

come over 过来；顺便来访

fall over 绊倒；跌倒

get over 克服；恢复；原谅

go over 仔细检查；复习

look over (仔细)检查

think over 仔细考虑

up短语

bring up 教育；培养；提出

cheer up 使振奋；使高兴起来(cheer sb. up)

clean up (把……)打扫干净；(把……)收拾整齐

cut up 切碎

dress up 穿上盛装；装扮

eat up 吃光；吃完

fix up 修理；修补

get up 起床

give up 放弃

grow up 成长；长大

hang up 挂断电话

hurry up 赶快

look up (在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找

make up 编造；形成；组成

pick up 捡起；接电话

put up 张贴；搭建

ring up 打电话

send up 发射，把……送上去

set up 建立；创立；开办

show up 出席；露面

stay up 不睡觉；熬夜

take up (尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做

think up 想出

turn up 开大(声音)；出现

use up 用完；用光；耗尽

wake up 醒来

with短语

agree with 赞同；持相同意见

begin with 以……开始

connect with 与……相连

deal with 处理；应付

catch up with 赶上

come up with 提出；想出(主意、回答等)

get along/on with sb. 与某人相处

go on with 继续

keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系

keep up with 与......并驾齐驱；跟上

习题及解析

1．We will never _______ our dream until it comes true one day.

A. give up    

B. give in  

C. give out   

D. give away

A【解析】句意：我们永远不会_____ 我们的梦想直到它实现的那一天。give up放弃；give in屈服；give out分发；give away捐赠，根据句意放弃梦想，故选A。

2．—Hurry up! I’m afraid we will miss the plane.

—Don’t worry! The plane will not _____ until 12 o’clock.

A. take after   

B. take away   

C. take off   

D. take out

C【解析】句意：“快点！我担心我们将错过飞机”“不要担心！飞机12点前不会 _____。”take after（外貌或行为）像；take away拿走；take off起飞；take out取出。根据句意飞机应该是起飞，故选C。

3．—Why does your room look so small?

—Because the bed ______too much space.

A. takes up   

B. takes down   

C. takes off   

D. takes away

A【解析】句意“为什么你的房间看起来这么小？”“因为床_____太多的空间。”takes up占据；takes down记下；takes off脱掉，（飞机等）起飞；takes away带走，取走。根据语境可知，此处表示“床占据了太多空间，所以房间看上去很小”。故选A。

4．In order to save the energy, we should ________ lights in time if we don’t need them.

A. turn up     

B. turn down       

C. turn off     

D. turn on

C【解析】句意：为了节约能源，在我们不需要用灯时，应当及时把他们_____。 turn up调大，通常指声音等；turn down调小；turn off关闭；turn on打开。根据句意可知，此处是指关掉灯。故选C。

5．I’m very surprised to ________ an old friend in Paris. We haven’t seen each other for years.

A. come out  

B. come across  

C. come after  

D. come on

B【解析】句意：我很惊讶在巴黎______一位老朋友。我们很多年都没见面了。come out出版；come across偶然遇见；come after跟随；come on加油。根据语境可知选B。

6．It’s a good habit for us that we should never ________ today's work till tomorrow.

A. put on  

B. put off

C. put up   

D. put down

B【解析】句意：我们应该决不把今天的事情_______到明天，这对我们来说是一个好习惯。 put on穿上； put off 推迟；put up张贴；put down记下，根据句意表示把今天的事情推迟到明天，故选B。

7．The doctors ________ the little girl carefully. They advised her to take some medicine on time.

 A. looked into  

B. looked over  

C. looked for   

D. looked at 

B【解析】句意：医生们仔细地_____  小女孩。他们建议她按时吃药。looked into调查；looked over (仔细)检查；looked for 寻找；looked at看。结合句意可知此处是指医生仔细地检查了那个小女孩。故选B。

8．—What do you usually do in the evening, Tom?

—I usually ________ the newspapers to find something interesting.

A. look through  

B. look out

C. look around  

D. looked into

A【解析】句意“汤姆，你晚上通常做什么？”“我通常____报纸来找一些有趣的东西。” look through浏览；look out当心；look around向四周看；looked into调查。根据句意可知指“浏览”，故选A。

9．Mike and his parents will ______for Shanghai to visit Disney Park tomorrow.

A. put off      

B. take off    

C. get off      

D. set off

 D【解析】句意：迈克和他父母明天将____去上海参观迪斯尼乐园。put off推迟；take off脱下，（飞机）起飞；get off下车；set off动身（去）。根据句意可知，他们明天动身去上海参观，因此用set off。故选D。

10．This bus doesn’t go to the train station. I’m afraid you’ll have to ________ at the library and take the A30.

A. take off  

B. put off  

C. get off  

D. turn off

C【解析】句意：这辆公交车不去火车站。我恐怕你不得不从图书馆_____, 然后转乘A30。take off 脱下，（飞机）起飞；put off推迟；get off下车；turn off关闭。根据语境可知此处指的是下车，故选C。

11．—What are you doing over there?

—I’m ________a photo of our family on the wall.

A. looking up  

B. giving up  

C. making up  

D. putting up

D【解析】句意:“你在那边做什么？”“我把一张我们的全家福____在墙上。”looking up向上看，查找；giving up放弃；making up组成，编造；putting up张贴。根据句意可知“put up”符合语境，指把照片往墙上贴。故选D。

12．People along the river didn’t allow them to_______ a factory there in order to protect the water.

A. set up   

B. give up     

C. take up     

D. look up

A【解析】句意：为了保护河水，沿河的人们不允许他们在_______那一个工厂。set up建立，开业；give up放弃；take up从事；占据；look up查阅，向上看。set up a factory建立一个工厂。故选A。

13．—Do you know who _______ my dictionary? I can’t find it.

—Sorry, I don’t know, either. I was out just now.

A. got away    

B. took away    

C. ran away   

D. threw away

B【解析】句意：“你知道谁________我的字典吗？我找不到它了”“不好意思，我也不知道。我刚出去了”got away逃离;took away拿走；run away逃跑；threw away扔掉。根据句意可以是询问谁拿走了我的字典，故选B。

14．—Could you tell me where the fitting room is? I need to________ this pair of pants.

—Sure. Over there.

A. work on   

B. pass on  

C. depend on   

D. try on

D【解析】句意：“你能告诉我试衣间在哪里吗？我需要________这条裤子。”“当然可以。在那边”work on从事；pass on传递；depend on依赖；try on试穿。根据句意寻找试衣间，表示要试穿这条裤子，故选D。

15．—When will your new book_______? I can’t wait to read it.

—Next month.

A. give out    

B. come out   

C. work out   

D. sell out

B【解析】句意：“你的新书什么时候_______？我迫不及待地想读它。”“下个月”give out 分发；come out 出版；work out 解决；sell out卖光。根据句意“我”想读你的书，可知询问的是新书什么时候出版，故选B。

16．It took them about five hours to ________ the fire. Although the house was destroyed, nobody was hurt.

A. put out  

B. carry out  

C. work out  

D. find out

A【解析】句意：他们花费了大约5个小时才把火____。尽管房子被毁坏了，但没人受伤。put out扑灭，熄灭；carry out实施；work out算出，解决；find out查明。根据语境可知，此处指“花了将近5个小时才把火扑灭”，故选A。

17．The best way of ________ the problem is by asking the teacher for help.

A. beginning with   

B. dealing with  

C. connecting with  

D. agreeing with

B【解析】句意：_______这个问题最好的方法是寻求老师的帮助。beginning with以......开始；dealing with 处理；connecting with与......相连；agreeing with赞同。deal with the problem处理问题，故选B。

18．I promised her to ________ her child during her business trip.

A. agree with  

B. worry about   

C. look after   

D. laugh at

C 【解析】句意：我承诺在她出差期间帮她____她的小孩。agree with同意；worry about担心；look after照顾，照料；laugh at嘲笑。分析语境可知，此处指照顾小孩。故选C。

19．I often______ the lessons with my good friends. It is easier for us to exchange some ideas with each other.

A. look for   

B. break in  

预计未来20年，全球人均供水量还将减少1/3。C. turn out  

1、我们每天都要消耗食物和各种各样的生活用品，与此同时，也产生了许多垃圾。
D. go over

答：当地球运行到月球和太阳的中间，如果地球挡住了太阳射向月球的光，便发生月食。
D【解析】句意：我经常和我的好朋友一起______功课。对我们来说，相互交流一下想法更容易了。look for寻找；break in打断；turn out证明是，结果是；go over复习。分析句意可知此处是复习功课。故选D。

二、问答题：20．You’d better not_______ late for your favorite TV plays. Enough sleep is necessary for your health.

六年级下册科学复习资料
A. take on  

二、问答：
B. stay up   

答：无色无味，比空气重，不支持燃烧。C. put off   

答：水分和氧气是使铁容易生锈的原因。

14、在显微镜下观察物体有一定的要求。物体必须制成玻片标本，才能在显微镜下观察它的精细结构。D. turn down

B【解析】句意：你最好不要为了你喜欢的电视剧____太晚。充足的睡眠对你的健康来说是必要的。take on呈现；stay up熬夜；put off推迟；turn down关掉,拒绝。根据语境可知建议不要熬夜太晚看电视剧。故选B。

1、焚烧处理垃圾的优缺点是什么？