外研版八年级英语下册Module2练习.doc

外研版八年级英语下册Module2练习

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开心一刻
Two Soldiers
　　Two soldiers were in camp. The first one‘s name was George, and the second one‘s name was Bill. George said, "have you got a piece of paper and an envelope, Bill?"
　　Bill said, "Yes, I have," and he gave them to him.
　　Then George said, "Now I haven‘t got a pen." Bill gave him his, and George wrote his letter. Then he put it in the envelope and said, "have you got a stamp, Bill?" Bill gave him one.
　　Then Bill got up and went to the door, so George said to him, "Are you going out?"
　　Bill Said, "Yes, I am," and he opened the door.
　　George said, "Please put my letter in the box in the office, and..." He stopped.
　　"What do you want now?" Bill said to him.
　　George looked at the envelope of his letter and answered, "What‘s your girl-friend‘s address?"
　　军营里有二名士兵，一个叫乔治，一个叫比尔。乔治问：“比尔，你有信纸、信封吗?”
　　比尔说：“有。”然后把信纸和信封给了乔治。
　　乔治又说：“我还没有笔呢。”比尔又把自己的笔给了他。乔治开始写信。写完后把信放进信封里，又问：“比尔，你有邮票吗?”比尔给了他一张。
　　这时比尔站起来，向门口走去。乔治问：“你要出去吗?”
　　比尔说：“是的。”随即打开了门。
　　乔治说：“请帮我把这封信投进办公室的信箱里，还有...”他停住了。
　　“你还要什么?”比尔问。
　　乔治看着信封说：“你女朋友的地址是-?”
本周语法
一． 基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)
二．　句型：
否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.
简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)
　　　　　　　No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
三．用法
（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
　　I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)
　　 Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)
My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.
　　①for+时段
　　②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）
　　③since+时段+ago
　　④since+从句（过去时）
　　●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
　　Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
现在完成时练习(一)
A)选用have, has填空:
1.I _______ told him the news.
2.She ________ come back from school.
3.You ________ won the game.
B)按要求改写下列各句:
4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)
_________________________________________
5.He has lost his book.
(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)
_________________________________________
C) 单项选择
6. -Where have you _____, Kate?
　-I've ______ to the bank.
A. gone, gone　B. been, been　C. gone, been　D. been, gone
7. Her grandfather ______ for two years.
A. died　B. has died　C. has been dead　D. has been died
8. It's six weeks ______ I met you last.
A. when　B. since　C. before　D. for
9. Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.
A. have got　B. have gone to　C. have been to　D. have reached

　四．　has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别
　　 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)
Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.
Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）
My father has been to Shanghai.
Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）
My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.
五．现在完成时的标志　　
　1.　现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:
　* 以already, just和yet为标志
　　He has already got her help.　他已得到她的帮助。
He has just seen the film.　他刚刚看过这场电影。
He hasn't come back yet.　他还没有回来。
　　* 以ever和never为标志　
This is the best film I have ever seen.　这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。
He has never been to Beijing.　他从没有到过北京。
　　* 以动作发生的次数为标志
　　He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。
　　* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+before
　He has got to Beijing so far.　到目前为止他已到了北京。
She has passed the examso far.　到目前为止她已经通过了考试。
2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。
　* 　①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志

注意： 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday,last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能与when连用 2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用

六．过去分词
　　 　1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：
　　(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
　　work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
　　(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
　　live---lived---lived ,
　　(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。
　　study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried
　　(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
　　stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped
　　2 、不规则动词：
　　AAA型
　　原型 过去式 过去分词
burst burst burst
hurt hurt hurt
let let let
　　cast cast cast
　　cost cost cost
　　cut cut cut
　　hit hit hit
put put put
　　set set set
　　shut shut shut
　　spread spread spread
read read read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/
　　AAB型
beat beat beaten
ABA型
become became become
　　run ran run
　　come came come
　　特殊情况
　　ABB型
　　bring brought brought
　　buy bought bought
　　build built built
　　burn burnt burnt
　　catch caught caught
　　dig dug dug
　　feel felt felt
　　fight fought fought
　　find found found
　　hear heard heard
　　hold held held
　　keep kept kept
　　lay laid laid
　　lead led led
　　lose lost lost
　　make made made
　　meet met met
　　sell sold sold
　　shoot shot shot
　　sit sat sat
　　stand stood stood
　　sweep swept swept
　　teach taught taught
　　tell told told
　　think thought thought
　　win won won
　　ABC型
　　begin began begun
　　blow blew blown
　　break broke broken
　　choose chose chosen
　　draw drew drawn
　　drive drove driven
　　drink drank drunk
　　fly flew flown
　　forgive forgave forgiven
　　forget forgot forgotten
　　freeze froze frozen
　　give gave given
　　grow grew grown
　　know knew known
　　ride rode ridden
　　rise rose risen
　　ring rang rung
　　shake shook shaken
　　sing sang sung
　　sink sank sunk
　　swim swam swum
　　throw threw thrown
　　write wrote written
七． 瞬间动词（buy,die,join,come，go ,leave,join ……）不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词
buy----have borrow -----keep
come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in
go out----be out leave ----be away
begin-----be on finish----be over
　　 open----be open close -----be closed
die----be dead
★1.have代替buy
　　My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
★2、用keep或have代替borrow
　　I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.
★3、用be替代become
How long has your sister been a teacher?
★4、用have a cold代替catch a cold
　　Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.
　　★5、用wear代替put on
　　b)用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词
　　1、be＋married代marry 2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill
　　3、be＋dead代die 4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep
　　5、be＋awake代wake/wake up 6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave
　　7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut
　　9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose
　　c)用“be＋副词”代终止性动词
　　1“be＋on”代start,begin
　　2“be＋up”代get up
　　3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to
　　4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等
　　d)用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词
　　1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to
　　2.用be in the army 代替join the army
　　3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to
　　常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：
　　1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.
　　→have been in sw./at…相应的介词
　　2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back
　　3. have come/gone out →have been out
　　4. have become → have been
　　5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open
　　6. have got up → have been up；
　　7. have died → have been dead；
　　8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.
　　9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep；
　　10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over；
　　11. havemarried → have been married；
　　12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ；
　　13. have begun → have been on
　　14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had
　　15. have lost → haven’t had
　　16. have put on →have worn
　　17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold；
　　18. have got to know → have known
　　19. have/has gone to → have been in
　　20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army
→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…

现在完成时练习（二）
一、 单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .（呼和浩特）
　　Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
　　Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
　 3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
　　Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years .
　　Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
　　Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good
　　Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better
　 6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
　　Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study
　　Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying
　 7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
　　Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
　　Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States .
　　 —Really ? When _____ there ?
　　Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go
　　Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?
　　 —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
　　Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finished
　　Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish
　11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
　　Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in
　 12、—Do you know him well ?
　　— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
　　Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made
　 13、—How long have you ____ here ?
　　—About two months .
　　Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived
　 14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
　　Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun
　　Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began
15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .
　　Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
　　Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been
　 17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
　　Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to
　　Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle____for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
二、 句型转换。
1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句）
2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
____　＿＿＿＿　they been here?
3、The old man _________ last year. He＿＿＿＿
for a year. (die) （动词填空）
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ________ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
　 Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)
___________________________________________
三、 汉译英。
1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。
2、 他昨天收到一封信。
3、 我父亲以前到过长城。
4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。
5、 她去过上海。
6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？
综合练习
一、单项填空（共10 小题，每小题1 分，满分10 分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
16. — Hello!May I speak to David?
— _____ I’ll go and find him.
A. What on earth is that? B. Oh, you remembered! C. Can I take a message? D. Hold the line, please!
17. Don’t worry _____ my study. I’m sure I can do very well.
A. to B. about C. of D. for
18. My sister was ill．She felt like ________ nothing．
A.to eat B.eat C.eating D.to eating
19. -I saw some people ________ in front of the bookshop．
-Oh，they are waiting to buy Han Han’s latest book．
A.wait B.to wait C.waited D.waiting
20. -The plane hasn’t arrived yet．Could you tell me ________ ?
-It’s because of the bad weather．
A.When it will arrive B.when will it arrive
C.why it is late D.why is it late
21. I don’t feel _______ when I stay at home ____________.
A.lonely, alone B. alone, lonely C. lonely, lonely D. alone, alone
22. If you study hard, your study will be better and better_______.
A.day by day B. from one day C. on the day D. at that time
23. ---I’m sorry I can’t go with you today. I’m busy.
----___________Maybe next time.
A.My pleasure B. It doesn’t matter C. Are you kidding. D. Sounds great.
24. Our scientist teacher told us the earth _______around the sun.
A. travelling B. travelled C. travel D. travels
25. Nobody knows Mr Green will come to visit us or not tomorrow.
A. whether B. how C. if D. why
二、完形填空（共15 小题，每小题1 分，满分15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everyone needs friends. But do you know 26 to find real friendship and keep it? An American writer 27 Sally tells young students some good ways to find 28 .Sally says finding friendship is just like 29 a tree. You plant the seed（种子）and 30 it to make it grow.
She says you should first choose someone 31 can be a good friend. It doesn’t matter whether he has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and 32 . If you have a bad day, a good friend should 33 your complaints（抱怨）and do his 34 to help you. If you want to make a friend, you should make each other 35 . But things cannot always be happy. 36 the best friends may have quarrels（争吵）. What should you do when you 37 with your friend? You may try to have an honest talk with him when there is no one around. If he 38 want to talk, you can write a letter to tell him how you are feeling.
Sally also tells us some small but important things, 39 example, celebrating your friend’s success. Remember that friendship is the 40 important thing in your life. Life is great if you have friends!
26. A. how B. what C.when D. which
27. A. call B. calls C.name D. named
28. A. girls B. teachers C.friends D. classmates
29. A. watering B. planting C.cutting D. decorating
30. A. take off B. take away C.take care D. take care of
31. A. what B. which C.whose D. who
32. A. beautiful B. helpful C.thankful D. wonderful
33. A. look at B. look C.listen to D. listen
34. A. good B. well C.better D. best
35. A. happy B. happily C.unhappy D. unhappily
36. A. Even B. Though C. If D. Ever
37. A. talk B. talks C. quarrel D. quarrels
38. A. doesn’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. isn’t
39. A. to B. for C. in D. at
40. A. too B. much C. more D. most
三、阅读理解（共15 小题，每小题2 分，满分30 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(A)
Cindy, Jerry and Mary are giving their opinions about a good friend. 
Cindy: I think a good friend should be honest(诚实的). That’s more important than any other things and is where a good friendship starts. If a friend isn’t honest, he may lose his friends’ trust.
Jerry: I think a good friend has to be generous. Here “generous” doesn’t mean he has to give  his friends h