过去分词讲解公开课.pptx

过去分词过去分词ThePastParticiple过去分词过去分词过去分词过去分词1 1构成构成构成构成2 2含义含义含义含义3 3功能功能功能功能4 4区别区别区别区别5 5练习练习练习练习一构成一构成:v+ed或不规则的变化动词或不规则的变化动词 例如例如:want-wanted-wanteddo-did-donego-went-gone二过去分词本身的含义二过去分词本身的含义:被动或完成被动或完成fallenleavesreturnedstudentsagrown-updaughterabrokenheartarespectedleaderarecently-builthouse三三.功能功能1.At that time,such thing was a forbidden topic to be talked about.2.Many used cars will be sold in this market.3.He became interested in two theories.4.She looked worried.5.She found her necklace gone on her way home.6.He is gong to have the room painted.定语定语定语定语定语定语定语定语表语表语表语表语表语表语表语表语宾补宾补宾补宾补宾补宾补宾补宾补现在分词现在分词形式形式过去分词过去分词形式形式一般式一般式一般式一般式doingdoingdonedone完成式完成式完成式完成式（主）（主）（主）（主）havingdonehavingdone（被）（被）（被）（被）havingbeendonehavingbeendone现在分词现在分词:表示动作是主动的和正在进行表示动作是主动的和正在进行过去分词过去分词:表示动作是被动的和完成表示动作是被动的和完成分词在句中可以作分词在句中可以作表语表语、定语定语、宾语补足宾语补足语和状语语和状语。I.Past participle used as attributes（定语）（定语）1.位置位置:单个分词位于名词前，短语则在名词后单个分词位于名词前，短语则在名词后,被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语主语。Thestolencarwasfoundbythepolicelastweek.Thespeakeransweredallthequestionsraisedbytheaudience.2.作用作用-相当于一个定语从句相当于一个定语从句（2）Thebook,writtenin1957,tellsthestruggleoftheminers.=Isthereanythingthathasbeenplannedfortonight?（1）Isthereanythingplannedfortonight？=Thebook,whichwaswrittenin1957,tellsthestruggleoftheminers.注：注：Theproblem（discussedyesterday）hassomethingtodowithdailylife.（表示完成）（表示完成）Theproblem（beingdiscussednow）hasnothingtodowithdailylife.（表示正在进行）（表示正在进行）II.Past participles used as predictive（表语）表语）1.过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态，过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。Thewindowisbroken.Theinnergatewaslocked.Shewasgreatlyexcited.2.与现在分词作表语的区别。与现在分词作表语的区别。现在分词：主语的特征或性质，现在分词：主语的特征或性质，“令人令人”，有主动意思。，有主动意思。e.g.Howdisappointingtheelectionis!过去分词：主语的感受，过去分词：主语的感受，“感到感到”，有被动意思。，有被动意思。e.g.Theyfeeldisappointedattheelection.常见的这类此有：常见的这类此有：interestinginterestedencouragingencourageddelightingdelighteddisappointingdisappointedpleasingpleasedpuzzlingpuzzledsatisfyingsatisfiedsurprisingsurprisedworrying-worriedIII.Past participle used as the Object Complement (宾语补足语宾语补足语)1.表表“希望，要求希望，要求”的动词：的动词：want,wish,expect,wish,like,order+(tobe)done表示表示“希望希望/要求某人或某事被要求某人或某事被”e.g.Iwantthework(tobe)finishedbySunday.Jimorderedtheroom(tobe)cleaned.2.2.表表“感觉，感觉，心理状态心理状态”的动词：的动词：see,hear,find,feel,think,watch,notice+object(宾语宾语)+p.p.e.g.Wesawthethiefcaughtbythepolice.Peoplefoundthewaterpolluted.HaveyouheardapopsongsunginJapanese?过去分词过去分词,不定式不定式,现在分词作宾补的现在分词作宾补的区别区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系主谓关系，但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不带不带to的不定式强调动作发生的全过程，的不定式强调动作发生的全过程，现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在进行。进行。Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.3.3.使役动词使役动词:make,get,have,keep,leave,etc.e.g.Wemustgetthetableclothwashed.=Wemustasksomebodytowashthetablecloth.Hehadhiswatchrepaired.4.在在“with/without宾语宾补宾语宾补(过去分词过去分词)”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。关系。e.g.Doyouknowthemanwithhishairtiedback?作定语时可用作定语时可用定语从句定语从句代替代替Heisarespectedleader.=Heisaleader_.Isthisthebookrecommendedbyyourteacher?=Isthisthebook_byyourteacher?whoisrespectedwhichwasrecommended 1.amovingfilmthemovedpeople2.boilingwaterboiledwater3.fallingleavesfallenleaves 现在分词现在分词强调动作正在强调动作正在进行，进行，侧重于侧重于主动。主动。过去分词过去分词强调动作已经强调动作已经完成，完成，侧重于侧重于被动；被动；四、四、四、四、1 1分词作定语的区别分词作定语的区别分词作定语的区别分词作定语的区别过去分词作定语与其它非谓语形式的区过去分词作定语与其它非谓语形式的区别：别：1.过去分词过去分词done表示被动和完成；表示被动和完成；2.现在分词的主动式现在分词的主动式doing表示主动的、表示主动的、正在进行的动作；正在进行的动作；3.现在分词的被动式现在分词的被动式beingdone表示被表示被动的、正在进行的动作；动的、正在进行的动作；4.不定式的主动式不定式的主动式todo表示一个将要发表示一个将要发生的主动动作；生的主动动作；5.不定式的被动式不定式的被动式tobedone则表示一个则表示一个将要发生的被动动作将要发生的被动动作_yesterdayThemeeting_now(hold)_tomorrowisofgreatimportance.(hold)heldbeingheldtobeheld1.A.Nobodywas_inthestoryhetold.B.Thestoryhetoldwasvery_.(interested,interesting)2.A.Everybodywas_tohearthenews.B.Thenewsisvery_indeed.(excited,exciting)interestedinterestingexcitedexciting四、四、四、四、2 2分词作表语的区别分词作表语的区别分词作表语的区别分词作表语的区别1.A.Nobodywas_inthestoryhetold.B.Thestoryhetoldwasvery_.(interested,interesting)2.A.Everybodywas_tohearthenews.B.Thenewsisvery_indeed.(excited,exciting)-ing表示令人表示令人.,-ed表示感到表示感到,Iheardsomeone_(call)mewhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.Iheardmyname_(call).callingcalled四四四四、33分词作宾补的区别分词作宾补的区别分词作宾补的区别分词作宾补的区别接现在分词时，表示动作正在发生或进行，或正要做分词表接现在分词时，表示动作正在发生或进行，或正要做分词表示的动作；示的动作；接过去分词时，表被动或完成。接过去分词时，表被动或完成。Isawhim_.scoldscoldedbyhismotherIsawhismother_.scoldinghimIsawhim_.bitebittenbyadogIsawthedogIsawthedog_._.bitinghimWe have an English teacher _(call)Janet.We have an English teacher who _(call)Janet.Who were the guests_ (invite)to his concert last month?Who _ (invite)to his concert last month?四四四四、4pp4pp与与与与 be+ppbe+pp分词作宾补的区别分词作宾补的区别分词作宾补的区别分词作宾补的区别calledcalledwascalledwascalledinvitedinvitedwereinvitedwereinviteddone done 是非谓语动词，是非谓语动词，be donebe done是谓语动词，是谓语动词，有有自己的自己的独立主语。独立主语。CompetethesentencesusingtherightformoftheCompetethesentencesusingtherightformofthegivenverb.givenverb.1.1.Ihadnothingtodo.Iwas_(bore)andIhadnothingtodo.Iwas_(bore)andlonely.lonely.2.2.Jacklookedevenmore_(amaze)thanhefelt.Jacklookedevenmore_(amaze)thanhefelt.3.3.Theresultswerevery_(disappoint).Theresultswerevery_(disappoint).4.4.Iwasthankedbythe_(satisfy)Iwasthankedbythe_(satisfy)customer.customer.5.5.Thegirl_(dress)inredismydaughter.Thegirl_(dress)inredismydaughter.6.6.LastMondayourclasswentonan_LastMondayourclasswentonan_(organise)trip.(organise)trip.boredbored amazedamazed disappointingdisappointing satisfiedsatisfied dressdresseded organisedorganised1.Asisknowntousall,travelingis_,butweoftenfeel_whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiringC.interesting;tiringD.interested;tiredA练习二练习二:单选单选2.Hearingthe_news,weallfelt_.A.encouraging,encouraging,B.encouraged,encouragedC.encouraged,encouragingD.encouraging,encouragedD3.Fromthedates_onthegoldcoin,itisconfirmedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarkedB4.The_lookinherfacesuggestedthatshe_itbefore.A.surprising,wouldntknowB.surprised,hadntknownC.surprising,hadntknownD.surprised,shouldntknowB5BeingpooratEnglish,ImafraidIcantmakemyself_.A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understoodD 6Ihavehadmybike_,andImgoingtohavesomebody_myradiotomorrow.A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairingC7Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem_soquickly.A.settledB.havingbeensettledC.besettledD.settlingsettle解决解决A8.Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettledc9.Helenhadtoshout_abovethesoundthemusic.A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard.D10.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.writtenD.beingwrittenC过去分词过去分词过去分词过去分词1 1构成构成构成构成2 2含义含义含义含义3 3功能功能功能功能4 4区别区别区别区别5 5练习练习练习练习